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Biomedical subjects

T Hosoda

Publications and source records attributed to T Hosoda.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Clinical experience with ceftizoxime suppositories in bacterial infections in children].

A clinical trial of ceftizoxime suppositories (CZX-S) was performed to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness in children with bacterial infection. The subjects were 10 children comprising 4 with pneumonia, 3 with lacunar tonsillitis, 2 with pharyngitis, and 1 with UTI. They were given 1 suppository containing either 125 mg or 250 mg of CZX 2 to 4 times a day. The daily per kg body weight dose ranged from 17.1 to 60.0 mg. The result was "markedly effective" in 3, "effective" in 6, and "failure" was recorded in 1. Bacteriologically, successful eradication of causative organisms was confirmed in all the 4 children who underwent the test. No clinical side effects were observed. The only laboratory test abnormality recorded in a single patient was eosinophilia, which was not definitely ascribable to CZX-S. In conclusion, CZX-S have proved to be a clinically safe and effective antibiotic preparation in infantile infection, even in children whose treatment with conventional antibiotics is associated with difficulties.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1985

[Laboratory and clinical studies on cefminox in the pediatric field].

Laboratory and clinical studies were performed as follows on cefminox (CMNX, MT-141), a new cephamycin antibiotic. Pharmacokinetics Serum concentrations of CMNX were measured in 4 patients given CMNX for prophylactic purpose during cardiac catheterization. In 2 patients given 20 mg/kg of CMNX by intravenous bolus injection, the average of peak serum concentration was 178.9 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes. The mean urinary recoveries in these 2 cases was 66.9% within 6 hours after injection. In 2 patients given 20 mg/kg of this drug by 1 hour drip infusion, the peak serum concentration was obtained at the time drip was completed, and the average value was 68.3 micrograms/ml. Clinical efficacy CMNX was administrated intravenously to 13 patients in dose of 52.9 approximately 96.0 mg/kg t.i.d. or q.i.d. for 4 approximately 7 days; 3 with tonsillitis, 6 with bronchitis, 1 with bronchopneumonia, 1 with UTI, 1 with lymphadenitis and 1 with enterocolitis. The overall efficacy rate was 92.3%, i.e., efficacy was excellent in 12, and poor in 1. Bacteriological efficacy was excellent, i.e., 3 of 3 strains disappeared. Side effects were observed in 3 cases, i.e., 1 case of eruption, 1 case of diarrhea and 1 case of transient eosinophilia. The above results suggest that CMNX is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Laboratory and clinical studies on aztreonam in the pediatric field].

Laboratory and clinical studies were performed as follows on aztreonam (AZT), a new monobactam antibiotic. Pharmacokinetics Serum concentrations of AZT were measured in 1 patient given 20 mg/kg by intravenous bolus injection. The peak concentration was 100 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes, and T 1/2 was 1.85 hours. Clinical efficacy AZT was administrated intravenously to 10 patients in doses of 59.2-170.7 mg/kg (average 76.1 mg/kg) t.i.d. for 3-8 days (average 5.3 days); 5 with pneumonia, 1 with bronchitis, 1 with lymphadenitis, 1 with sepsis (suspected) and 2 with urinary tract infections. The overall efficacy rate was 80%, i.e., efficacy was excellent in 5, good in 3, fair in 1 and poor in 1. Bacteriological efficacy was excellent, i.e., 4 of 4 Gram-negative strains disappeared. Any clinical side effects and laboratory abnormalities were not observed. The above results suggest that AZT is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections, especially due to Gram-negative bacteria.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Cytidine 5'-diphosphate reductase and thymidine kinase activities in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes of normal subjects of various ages and patients with immunodeficiency.

The activities of CDP reductase and thymidine kinase in 10(6) to 5 X 10(6) phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocytes isolated from 2 to 5 ml of peripheral blood of individual subjects were measured. The activities of CDP reductase (pmol/h/10(7) cells) and thymidine kinase (nmol/h/10(7) cells) were high in infants, 698 +/- 307 and 64.2 +/- 20.2, constant in subjects of 1-40 years old, 401 +/- 181 and 38.1 +/- 15.3, and low in persons of more than 80 years old, 121 +/- 113 and 22.3 +/- 17.8, respectively. The ratio of thymidine kinase to CDP reductase activity increased with age, indicating that dependency on the salvage pathway of DNA synthesis in lymphocytes increased with age. The activities of CDP reductase and thymidine kinase were reduced in patients with the hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome, congenital cytomegalovirus infection, anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with hyperimmunoglobulin A, Bloom's syndrome, immunodeficiency with hyperimmunoglobulinemia, and Down's syndrome. The clinical symptoms of these diseases seem to be due to impaired DNA synthesis of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes, but the degrees of reduction of enzyme activities were generally greater than that of thymidine incorporation in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical experience with an ampicillin suppository (KS-R1) in bacterial infections in children].

In order to evaluate effectiveness of ABPC suppository (KS-R1) in the treatment of bacterial infections of children, the clinical studies were carried out. KS-R1 was given in rectum to 14 patients in doses of 24.2 approximately 65.8 mg/kg (average 38.5 mg/kg) in 3 approximately 4 divided doses for 3 approximately 8 days (average 4.0 days); 6 with acute tonsillitis, 3 with pneumonia, 1 with otitis media, 4 with UTI. The overall efficacy rate was 100%. Bacterial efficacy was good, i.e. 8 of the 8 strains disappeared. Any clinical side effects and laboratory abnormalities were not observed during treatment. The above results suggested that KS-R1 is a useful antibiotics for pediatric bacterial infections.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical experience with ceftizoxime in the pediatric field (author's transl)].

Ceftizoxime (CZX) was given intravenously to 28 children with the following acute bacterial infections; 15 cases of bronchopneumonia, 4 cases of urinary tract infection, 3 cases of purulent meningitis, 2 cases of acute tonsillitis, each 1 case of purulent cervical lymphadenitis and acute tonsillitis, orbital cellulitis, abscess of eyelid, and peritonitis. Out of 28 patients, good clinical responses were obtained in 26 patients, and bacteriological effectiveness was seen in all 14 cases. Side effects with CZX were observed in 2 cases; 1 case was drug fever, and the other case was eosinophilia. From the above clinical results, CZX is useful antibiotic for treating the pediatric patients with various kinds of bacterial infections.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical experience with cefoxitin in pediatric field (author's transl)].

Cefoxitin was given intravenously to 20 children with the following acute bacterial infections: 10 cases of bronchopneumonia, 6 cases of urinary tract infection, 2 cases of cervical purulent lymphadenitis, 1 case of streptococcosis and 1 case of omphalitis. Clinical effectiveness was obtained in 16 cases out of 20 cases and bacteriological effectiveness in 11 strains out of 15 strains. No side effect was observed except for 1 case with eruption and 1 case with slight elevation of GOT. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that cefoxitin is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric patients with various kinds of bacterial infections.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical experience with cefroxadine in bacterial infection of children (author's transl)].

In order to evaluate effectiveness of cefroxadine (CXD) in the treatment of bacterial infections of children, the clinical studies were carried out. CXD was orally administered to 30 patients at daily dose of 27.5 approximately 50.0 mg/kg (average 32.3 mg/kg) in 3 approximately 4 divided dose for 3 approximately 10 days (average 4.9 days). The overall efficacy rate in 30 cases was 93.3%, i.e., excellent 22 (73.3%), good in 6 (20.0%), fair in 1 (3.3%) and poor in 1 case (3.3%). Drug eruption and transient eosinophilia were observed in 1 case each out of 30 cases (6.7%), but any other abnormality was not observed throughout this series. Based on the above results, CXD was thus considered to be a useful antibiotic in treatment of pediatric infections.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical experience with cefoperazone in the pediatric field (author's transl)].

Cefoperazone (CPZ) was given intravenously to 23 children with the following acute bacterial infections; 10 cases of pneumonia, 4 cases of urinary tract infection, 2 cases of purulent cervical lymphadenitis, 2 cases of pertussis pneumonia, 2 cases of septicemia, 1 case of osteomyelitis, 1 case of perforative peritonitis and 1 case of bacterial meningitis. Clinical effectiveness was obtained in 20 cases out of 23 cases and bacteriological effectiveness in 14 cases out of 17 cases. With CPZ, the following side effects developed; transient diarrhea in 1 case, asymptomatic eosinophilia in 2 cases. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that CPZ is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric patients with various kinds of bacterial infections.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alzheimer's disease and estrogen.

The preventive effect of estrogen on Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become clear with epidemiological data. Therapeutic effects of estrogen have not yet been established. In this presentation, we report our new basic and clinical data. The estrogen receptor, (ER)alpha, and ERbeta mRNA were investigated in rat brain. Estradiol-17beta (E(2)) treatment following OVX reduced the levels of ERalpha mRNA in the hypothalamus. In the substantia innominata (SI), the number of choline acetyltransferase immunoreacive cells increased significantly in the estrogen treatment rat. The neurons in SI projecting to the forebrain cortex contained ERalpha. Increasing amounts of intracellular calcium, peroxidation, and apoptosis with amyloid beta were suppressed in neuronal cells from rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells with E(2). ERalpha cDNA transfected PC 12 cells elaborated more neurite-like processes with E(2). In clinics, we are currently preparing vaginal progesterone tablets, which essentially may concentrate in the endometrium to prevent endometrial cancer, with few general circulation of progesterone inviting less depression. The therapeutic effects of cyclic estrogen, such as its preventive effect, are suggested in these studies, at least on mild AD.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Atheroprotective effect of estriol and estrone sulfate on human vascular smooth muscle cells.

In patients with atherosclerosis, fibrosclerotic focuses are induced by multiplication of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), and they are regulated by cytokines and regulators. There have been few reports about the atheroprotective effect of estriol (E(3)). Estrone sulfate (E(1)-S) is the predominant estrogen of conjugated equiline estrogens, which is commonly used in hormone replacement therapy, but it should be hydrolyzed by steroid sulfatase (STS) to enter the cells of target tissues. The purpose of this study was to detect STS in VSMC and to investigate whether E(3) and E(1)-S have atheroprotective effects like E(2). First, we detected the presence of STS mRNA in VSMC by in situ hybridization. We then examined the changes in the expression of mRNAs of cytokines, namely, PDGF-A chain, IL-1, IL-6 and TGF-beta, in VSMC, in the presence and absence of E(3) and estrogens. As a result, the expression of PDGF-A chain, IL-1 and IL-6 mRNAs was suppressed by E(3) (P<0.05 vs control) significantly like E(1)-S and E(2), but that of TGF-beta mRNA was not significantly affected by any estrogen. These results indicate that E(1)-S can be hydrolyzed by STS in VSMC, and that E(3) may regulate the cytokines by suppressing the production of mRNAs. It is suggested that there is a possibility of E(1)-S and E(3) having a direct effect on vessels in atherogenesis.

Arteriosclerosis↗