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Biomedical subjects

T Horiguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Horiguchi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[The Su-polysaccharide skin test in lung cancer].

Skin testing with intradermally injected Su-Polysaccharide (extracted from Su strain Streptococcus bacteria) was performed in 41 cases of lung cancer. Su-polysaccharide skin test results were correlated, to some extent, with the patient's age, clinical stage and performance status and showed a similar trend to the simultaneously performed PPD skin test. These results suggested the potential usefulness of Su-Polysaccharide skin test results as one of the parameters of immunological status of patients with lung cancer. It was also demonstrated that skin reaction to Su-Polysaccharide was increased specifically after OK-432 immunotherapy and was well correlated with the prognosis of the disease. The Su-Polysaccharide skin test was thus considered to be a useful parameter for monitoring the immune response to OK-432 immunotherapy in lung cancer and also one of the parameters of prognostic value.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Differential diagnosis of fever in systemic lupus erythematosus using discriminant analysis.

In an attempt to find a reliable method to assess fever in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a multifactorial analysis was applied to the routine laboratory examinations, including white blood cell count (WBC) and serum globulin fraction concentrations. During 74 febrile episodes, 49 SLE patients showed increased disease activity and the remaining 25 febrile episodes were due to intercurrent infection. The two different groups of fever episodes were clearly separated by a principal component analysis using five variables from the routine laboratory tests, including WBC, serum alpha-1, alpha-2, beta, and gamma globulins. Discriminant analysis showed that 95% of 74 febrile episodes could be correctly classified as to the cause of fever when a combination of WBC and alpha-2 globulin level was used as variables. A simple discriminant formula which we calculated was considered to be of practical use for the differentiation of the two clinical entities.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1986

Effect of selective occlusion of the umbilical arteries and/or veins on uterine blood flow in sheep.

Maternal uterine blood flow was depressed during total umbilical cord occlusion, probably based on an increased fetal cotyledonary tissue pressure (Hasaart and de Haan (1985) Eur. J. Obstet. Gynec. Reprod. Biol., 19, 125-131). This supposed mechanism was further analysed by performing selective occlusions of the umbilical arteries and/or veins (mean occlusion time 35 s). An occluding device which allowed separate occlusion of umbilical veins and arteries was applied to the umbilical cord in 7 chronically prepared fetal lambs between 106 and 135 days gestation. Median uterine artery blood flow (UBF) was measured with an electromagnetic flow meter. During occlusion of both umbilical veins (VV, n = 22) in 6 animals a maximal decrease in UBF to 87.5% of control value (P less than 0.001) was found at the end occlusion, followed by a gradual return to control value in the post occlusion period. Occlusion of both umbilical arteries (AA, n = 29) in 5 animals was accompanied by a slight increase in UBF to 103% of control value (P less than 0.01). Total occlusion of the umbilical arteries and veins simultaneously (n = 17) in 4 animals did not result in any change in UBF. The changes in volume and turgor in the fetal cotyledonary tissue associated with the arterial and venous occlusions should lead to respectively a decrease (AA) and increase (VV) in resistance to maternal flow, causing the changes in uterine blood flow. It is concluded that volume changes in the fetal compartment of the sheep placenta affect maternal uterine blood flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Network and lamellar structures in the tail muscle fibers of the metamorphosing anuran tadpole.

Networks of regularly arranged tubular units and lamellar structures were observed in the degenerating tail muscle fibers of spontaneously metamorphosing anuran tadpoles. These networks appeared to be similar to those previously found in the skeletal muscle of other animals under abnormal conditions. They stained clearly with ruthenium red (RR) and a continuity with the transverse tubular system (T tubules) of triads was clearly observed. The diameter of the tubular unit, 20-25 nm, was almost equal to that of the T tubules of the intact tail muscle fibers, indicating the network structures were probably formed by T tubules connecting together. In the early stages of metamorphosis, networks in the tetragonal configuration were observed within the end region of the muscle fibers. At the climax of metamorphosis, well-developed networks in which the tubular units were arranged in a hexagonal pattern were seen in various regions of the fibers. Other observed lamellar structures may originate from lateral elements of the triads. The formation of the network structure is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Scanning electron microscopy of macrophages in the tail musculature of the metamorphosing anuran tadpole, Rana japonica.

Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the morphological changes of the tail musculature of the metamorphosing anuran tadpole, attention being focused on phagocytosis by macrophages. Muscle fibers were stained en bloc with silver and freeze-fractured during dehydration, or torn after drying. Samples were sputter-coated with gold-palladium and observed in both secondary electron- and back-scattered electron modes with a scanning electron microscope. Various cells were identified by the methods of secondary electron- and back-scattered electron images. Some macrophages lying between muscle fibers at prometamorphic stages possessed numerous finger-like projections and well-developed ruffles. During degeneration of muscle fibers macrophages collected in the degenerating region and invaded the space between the disordering myofibrils. In advanced stages the numbers of macrophages clearly increased on or around the degenerating muscle fibers. At the climactic stage fragmented muscles were entrapped and then engulfed by the macrophages. With the completion of phagocytosis, the macrophages became globular with reduction of the ridge-like ruffles. Macrophages may play a role not only in scavenging the fragmented muscle fibers, but also using their long processes in active formation of the fragments.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Acetylcholinesterase activity in nerve endings of tails of Rana japonica and R. catesbeiana during metamorphosis.

In anuran tadpole tails, the myelinated motor nerve fibers branch in the myoseptum to innervate both red and white muscle fibers at, or near, their ends. There are no significant ultrastructural differences between the nerve endings of the two types of muscle fibers. Intense acetylcholinesterase reaction product was observed in synaptic clefts and junctional folds, as well as in transverse tubules. As metamorphosis proceeded, the junctional folds of the nerve endings disappeared, however, acetylcholinesterase reaction product was still observed in the synaptic clefts. As muscle fibers began to degenerate, nerve endings began to separate from them. However, after nerve endings were completely separated from the surfaces, degenerated muscle fibers, synaptic and cored vesicles were still well preserved although no acetylcholinesterase reaction product was found. It seems clear that the mechanism of the muscle degeneration in the tadpole tail during metamorphosis is not the result of the degeneration of its nerve endings.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1985

[Evaluation of regurgitant fraction of aortic regurgitation by means of pulsed Doppler echocardiography as compared with cine angiography].

The regurgitant fraction (RF) of aortic regurgitation (AR) was calculated using pulsed Doppler echocardiography (PDE), and the results were compared with those of aortography. Two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE), PDE and cine angiography were performed for 33 patients, including nine in whom aortic regurgitation (AR) was ruled out by contrast 2DE and 24 in whom AR was confirmed by aortography (AOG). The latter were subdivided into six of Sellers' degree I, seven of degree II, eight of degree III and three of degree IV. Sampling was obtained from the main pulmonary artery, the left ventricular outflow tract, and the mean circulation velocity (f1) was calculated from the power spectrum wave pattern obtained from each source. With the following formula, Qp (pulmonary arterial blood flow), Qs (left ventricular ejection blood flow) and RF [= (Qs--Qp)/Qs] were calculated, and compared with the findings obtained from invasive methods: (formula; see text) (L = vascular diameter; theta = angle of incidence; C = velocity of sound; fo = oscillating frequency; ET = ejection time; HR = heart rate) A correlation of r = 0.81 was found between Qp calculated with PDE and right cardiac output (CO) by the thermodilution method. A correlation of r = 0.66 was observed between Qs and left ventricular ejection volume obtained from left ventriculography using Dodge's method. Comparison of RF using Sellers' classification with AOG revealed that the RF in the group uncomplicated with AR was 0.14 +/- 0.10, and Sellers' degrees I, 0.27 +/- 0.08; II, 0.36 +/- 0.04; III, 0.53 +/- 0.05; and IV, 0.64 +/- 0.06, indicating consistency with severity and RF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1984

Morphometric study on vascularization in the tail musculature of the anuran tadpole by scanning electron microscopy: I. Prometamorphic stage.

Vascularization in the tail musculature, which contains red and white muscle fibers, of the prometamorphic anuran tadpole was analyzed quantitatively by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The sample was fixed in glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide; this was followed by freeze-fracturing in liquid nitrogen. As good ultrastructural preservation and reliable identification of capillaries were given by this technique, various morphometric parameters, cross-sectional capillary area in particular, could be measured exactly. In red muscle fiber that had a small cross-sectional area (2,060.1 micron2), high capillary density (1,283.5 capillaries/mm2) and a large cross-sectional capillary area (96.4 micron2) was found. Although white fiber (9,327.2 micron2) was 4.6 times greater than red fiber in cross-sectional fiber area, capillary density (95.8 capillaries/mm2) and cross-sectional capillary area (29.5 micron2) were 13.4 times and 3.3 times smaller than those of red fiber, respectively. From these morphometric values the following parameters were evaluated; (1) capillary/muscle fiber number ratio of red muscle fiber (2.64) was 3.0 times greater than that of white fiber (0.89); and (2) total cross-sectional capillary area per cross-sectional area of one muscle fiber was 44.0 times greater for red fiber (1,235.4 micron2)/10(4) micron2) than for white fiber (28.1 micron2)/10(4) micron2). Comparison of the latter parameter between the different fiber types may reflect the differences of real blood supply to them; i.e., red fiber was supplied a 44.0-times richer blood flow than white fiber. Advantages of morphometric study by SEM, and the relationship between obtained parameters for vascularization and blood supply to the different muscle fiber types, are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Identification of cells by backscattered electron imaging of silver stained bulk tissues in scanning electron microscopy.

Anuran tadpole tail muscle was stained en bloc by a modified light microscope silver stain for light microscopy and freeze-fractured in liquid nitrogen after partial dehydration with ethanol. The fractured specimens were observed in both secondary electron and backscattered electron modes in a scanning electron microscope. Since the cell nuclei specifically stained with silver provided high contrast against the unstained background due to atomic number contrast of backscattered electron image, various cells were easily identified by a comparison of secondary electron images and compositional images of backscattered electron signals.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Reproduction studies with mabuterol in rats.

In the reproduction studies with dl-1-(4-amino-3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-2-tert.-butylamino-etha nol hydrochloride (mabuterol), a new beta 2-selective adrenoceptor stimulant, two trials were done: Segment (Seg.) I, fertility tests in male and female rats dosed before and during mating and the first week of gestation with 0.1, 2 and 40 mg/kg, and Seg. III, peri- and postnatal tests in pregnant rats dosed with 0.003, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 2 and 40 mg/kg from 17th day of gestation through 21st day of lactation. In Seg. III, cross-fostering was also done. The "maximum non-effective oral doses" of mabuterol from the viewpoint of parental toxicity were in Seg. I, 2 mg/kg and in Seg. III, 0.03 mg/kg, respectively. Doses above these non-effect levels were moderately toxic for the parent generation as shown by clinical signs (only at 40 mg/kg) and influence on food intake and body weight. In Seg. I, no adverse effects on fertility occurred. In Seg. III, doses of 0.1 mg/kg and above affected dose-dependently the body weight of viable pups. Additionally, 40 mg/kg decreased their perinatal survival rate.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗