Biomedical subjects

T Honda

Publications and source records attributed to T Honda.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Characterisation of a haemolysin related to Vp-TDH produced by a Kanagawa phenomenon-negative clinical isolate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

The production of a family of haemolysins--thermostable direct haemolysin (Vp-TDH), Vp-TDH-related haemolysin (Vp-TRH) and Vp-TDH/I--has been reported in clinical isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. This paper describes a fourth type of haemolysin--Vp-TDH/II--produced by a Kanagawa phenomenon-negative clinical isolate of V. parahaemolyticus (O13:K, untypable). Vp-TDH/II was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and successive filtrations on DEAE-cellulose, hydroxyapatite, Sepharose 4B and Mono Q columns. Vp-TDH/II was biophysicochemically and immunologically similar to, but not identical to Vp-TDH, Vp-TRH and Vp-TDH/I. Vp-TDH/II stimulated vascular permeability in rabbit skin and was lethal to mice. Purified Vp-TDH/II and viable cells of the Vp-TDH/II-producing strain both induced fluid accumulation in ligated rabbit intestine. The plasmid-determined structural gene for Vp-TDH/II was cloned and the nucleotide sequence determined. The deduced amino acid sequence of Vp-TDH/II differed from those of Vp-TDH, Vp-TRH and Vp-TDH/I.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1995

Evaluation of two assay kits for thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) as an indicator of TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) produced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Reversed passive latex agglutination (RPLA) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits with beads (Bead-ELISA) are commercially available in Japan to detect the thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) produced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates. We evaluated whether these kits can be used to assay the pathogenic toxin, TDH-related hemolysin (TRH), produced by some so-called Kanagawa phenomenon-negative V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from patients with diarrhea. Our results showed that the two kits, RPLA and Bead-ELISA, can detect TRH, although they were originally developed for detection of TDH. This may be due to the use of polyclonal anti-TDH antisera that cross react with TRH. Although the sensitivity for TDH detection by RPLA and Bead-ELISA differed tenfold, that for TRH detection was essentially equal. The minimum concentration of TRH required for detection by the two assay kits was about 10 ng/ml.

Enzyme Stability↗

PubMed1995

Monoclonal antibody developed against a hemolysin of Bacillus thuringiensis.

A total of five hybridoma cell lines that produced monoclonal antibodies (MAb) against a hemolysin (Bt-hemolysin) produced by Bacillus thuringiensis were established and characterized. All of these monoclonal antibodies reacted similarly not only to Bt-hemolysin but also to a hemolysin (Bc-hemolysin) produced by B. cereus, suggesting that the two hemolysins are immunologically indistinguishable. The MAb developed in this study was also successfully applied for rapid and simple purification of both Bt- and Bc-hemolysins by immunoaffinity column chromatography. The partial N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified hemolysins was determined to be Ile-Glu-Gln-Thr.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1995

A case of laparoscopic complication: injury of the left common iliac vessels and subsequent acute compartment syndrome of the left leg.

A 45-year-old Japanese woman underwent a laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. Insertion of a trocar injured the left common iliac artery and vein, which were repaired within 2.5 hours. Postoperatively the patient presented an acute compartment syndrome of the left leg. Fasciotomy and rehabilitation rescued her from functional disturbances.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1995

Aortic aneurysm in a four-year-old child with tuberous sclerosis.

We present a case of aortic aneurysm in a four-year-old child complicated with tuberous sclerosis. We used the same general principles as for adult patients and successfully managed our patient. Our methods included the use of isoflurane plus epidural anaesthesia, dopamine to maintain blood pressure, and induced mild hypothermia to reduce brain metabolism and to prevent spinal cord damage during aortic cross-clamping. Intensive monitoring including EEG was beneficial to the anaesthetic management.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗

PubMed1995

Vibrio cholerae O139 produces a protease which is indistinguishable from the haemagglutinin/protease of Vibrio cholerae O1 and non-O1.

Haemaglutinin/protease (HA/P) is one of the virulence factors of Vibrio cholerae O1 and pathogenic strains of V. cholerae non-O1. In this study, we examined protease activity of a new serogroup of Vibrio cholerae recently designated as O139 synonym Bengal. The protease activity was produced by all eight isolates of V. cholerae O139 from Bangladeshi patients. Purification and partial characterization of the protease from V. cholerae O139 demonstrated the purified protease (O139-P) was indistinguishable from that previously reported for HA/P of V. cholerae non-O1 (NAG-HA/P) and V. cholerae O1 (Vc-HA/P). These results prove that V. cholerae O139 produces a protease belonging to HA/P, and suggest that the protease is another virulence factor found in newly emerged V. cholerae O139, as in V. cholerae O1.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗

PubMed1995

Changes in nerve fibers adjacent to transplanted VX2 carcinoma in rabbit tongue.

This study was undertaken to examine the relationship between malignant tumor tissue and nerve fibers using a transplantation model and nerve fiber strains. Most of the neural tissue, as well as the other host tissues, showed severe degenerative changes as the transplanted tumor grew. Furthermore, the degenerative changes were chiefly confined to the area anterior to the tumor. These changes were probably provoked chiefly by the compressive effects of the rapidly enlarging transplant. The results could possibly explain clinical symptoms such as paralysis or disturbances in the movement of the tongue observed occasionally in some patients with lingual carcinomas.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

A novel method to chemically immobilize antibody on nylon and its application to the rapid and differential detection of two Vibrio parahaemolyticus toxins in a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

A new method of chemically immobilizing antibody on nylon was developed. The method consists of serial treatments with HCl, polyethylene imine, and maleic anhydride methylvinyl ether copolymer, which resulted in the stable immobilization of sufficient amounts of antibodies on nylon. This principle was used to differentially detect two immunologically related but nonidentical hemolysins (thermostable direct hemolysin [TDH] and TDH-related hemolysin [TRH]) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with antibodies immobilized on nylon slips (NSIT). The results (dark purple color on nylon slips) were easily evaluated by the naked eye. The results with NSIT were compatible with those obtained by using DNA probes or a conventional bacterial culture test, not only with cultured specimens but also with clinical specimens (diarrheal stool samples). Furthermore, the NSIT differentially detected TDH and TRH in a single test. The antibody immobilization method developed here is applicable to various immunological detection methods and may improve their sensitivity and specificity.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Sequencing of the gene encoding the major pilin of pilus colonization factor antigen III (CFA/III) of human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and evidence that CFA/III is related to type IV pili.

The plasmid-encoded structural gene cofA necessary for the production of the major pilin subunit of pilus colonization factor antigen III (CFA/III) of human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was identified, and the nucleotide sequence of the gene was determined. cofA consists of 714 nucleotides encoding a 238-amino-acid protein (molecular weight of 25,309). CofA seems to be a precursor of CFA/III pilin, because the first 23 residues of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified CFA/III pili coincided with the deduced amino acid sequence for residues 32 to 54 of CofA. Western blot (immunoblot) analysis of CofA also indicated its processing to form mature pilin in the presence of the downstream region of cofA. These results suggest that the major pilin of CFA/III pili is produced as a precursor form which is posttranslationally modified to the mature pilin and forms morphological pili after cleavage of the Gly-30-Met-31 junction, probably by a protease encoded by an as-yet-unknown gene located downstream of cofA. Interestingly, the N-terminal 30-amino-acid sequence of mature CFA/III shows the highest identity (76.7%) to TcpA pilin of Vibrio cholerae, which is a type IV class B pilin.

Antigens, Bacterial↗

PubMed1995

Purification and characterization of a cell-associated hemagglutinin of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

We found a positive correlation between cell-associated mannose-sensitive hemagglutination and adherence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus to rabbit enterocytes by investigating 35 strains of V. parahaemolyticus for cell-associated hemagglutinin (cHA) and for the ability to adhere to the enterocytes. We purified a mannose-sensitive cHA from a Kanagawa phenomenon-positive clinical strain of V. parahaemolyticus that exhibited a high level of mannose-sensitive hemagglutination and strongly adhered to the enterocytes. The purified cHA is a heat-labile, tetrameric protein consisting of four identical subunits of approximately 26 kDa each. The adherence to rabbit enterocytes was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by pretreatment of the bacterial cells with D-mannose and with the Fab fraction of immunoglobulin G against the purified cHA. Furthermore, pretreatment of the enterocytes with the purified cHA inhibited the adherence of V. parahaemolyticus. Immunogold electron microscopy revealed that the cHA is located on the bacterial cell surface and is not associated with pili. These results suggest that cHA is involved in the adherence mechanisms of V. parahaemolyticus to the enterocytes and that the receptors for cHA on the enterocyte appear to be a D-mannose-containing compound.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Invasive thymoma with hypogammaglobulinemia spreading within the bronchial lumen.

A case of invasive thymoma with hypogammaglobulinemia showing endobronchial growth is presented. A 63-year-old man was admitted for evaluation of a left hilar mass. A biopsy specimen obtained from the intraluminal mass, which occluded the left upper division bronchus, was highly suggestive of thymoma. The laboratory tests were almost normal except for hypogammaglobulinemia. The tumor was resected with the left upper lobe. Most of the tumor invaded the left upper lobe, and grew into the bronchi. The case was diagnosed histologically as invasive thymoma spreading within the bronchial lumen.

Agammaglobulinemia↗

PubMed1995

Adhesion molecules on eosinophils in acute eosinophilic pneumonia.

We describe the clinical features, eosinophil surface analysis, and concentration of interleukin-5 (IL-5) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and in peripheral blood (PB) of a young male patient with acute eosinophilic pneumonia. Eosinophilic pneumonia was diagnosed by BAL and by its clinical course. There was no evidence of an infectious etiology, and the patient showed rapid improvement with methylprednisolone pulse therapy (1 gm/d for 3 d). Significant differences in the expression of surface molecules such as CD54, HLA-DR, and CD69 were observed between BAL and PB eosinophils; IL-5 concentrations in BAL and in PB before treatment were 450 pg/ml and 700 pg/ml, respectively. After treatment, IL-5 concentration in PB was reduced to below 100 pg/ml. The patient has shown no recurrence after treatment.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1995

Noninvasive physiological assessment of vascular wall sclerosis using carotid pulse tracing and cine magnetic resonance.

In order to evaluate vascular wall sclerosis, the authors compared parameters of carotid pulse tracing with ascending aortic wall distensibility by using cine magnetic resonance (MR). Cine MR and carotid pulse tracing were performed in 20 healthy volunteers (mean age fifty-six years). They measured the interval from aortic second heart sound (A2) to the dicrotic notch (DN) (A2-DN interval), and the height from dicrotic notch to top/total height of carotid pulse tracing (b/a ratio). Ascending aortic distensibility was calculated from the following formula: max area - min area/min area x pulse pressure. There were significant positive correlations (r = 0.70) between the A2-DN interval and ascending aortic distensibility and between b/a ratio and ascending aortic distensibility (r = 0.63). The measurement of A2-DN interval and b/a ratio using carotid pulse tracing is a useful method for assessing ascending aortic wall sclerosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

D2-like dopamine receptor mediates dopaminergic or gamma-aminobutyric acidergic inhibition of melanotropin-releasing hormone release from the pars intermedia in frogs (Rana nigromaculata).

Frogs can adapt to their background by making their skin color lighter or darker as necessary, and this adaptation is regulated by MSH. We investigated the mechanism inhibiting MSH release from the pars intermedia (PI) of the pituitary gland in frogs (Rana nigromaculata) by ultrastructural immunohistochemistry and bioassay using the melanophore index. The PI contained fibers immunoreactive for tyrosine hydroxylase, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and neuropeptide Y, which made synaptic contacts with MSH cells. The synapses had an asymmetric profile with small round and large-cored synaptic vesicles. The skin of frogs adapted to a white background became darker after administration of 6-hydroxydopamine or autografting of the PI into the anterior chamber of the eye. The skin of autografted frogs became lighter after the administration of dopamine or GABA into the anterior chamber. Lightening of skin color with dopamine was inhibited by a D2 receptor antagonist (sulpiride), and the effect of GABA was blocked by both sulpiride and a GABAA receptor antagonist (bicuculline). These results indicate that MSH release from the PI in frogs may be inhibited by dopaminergic nerves via the D2-like receptor and by GABAergic nerves via the D2-like and GABAA receptors.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Integrin alpha 6 is a differentiation antigen of human granulosa cells.

We previously reported a new murine monoclonal antibody (mAb), OG-1, raised against human granulosa cells (GC) and showed that the OG-1 antigen is a cell surface differentiation-related molecule expressed on GC of follicles and on large luteal cells in the early to midluteal phase. In this study, we further characterized the OG-1 antigen. An immunohistochemical study showed that the OG-1 antigen was also expressed on endometrial glandular and stromal cells and on first trimester and term placental trophoblasts. The antigen purified from endometrium, chorionic villi, or placenta by immunoaffinity chromatography using the mAb OG-1 consisted of a 120-kilodalton (kDa) protein. Partial amino acid sequencing of the 120-kDa protein purified from placenta revealed that the 16 amino acids from the N-terminus were identical to those of the heavy chain of human integrin alpha 6, the molecular mass of which is reportedly 118-126 kDa. We examined the tissue distribution of integrins alpha 6, beta 1, and beta 4, because integrin alpha 6 forms heterodimers with integrins beta 1 or beta 4. Indirect immunofluorescence staining of various follicles and corpora lutea using two known antiintegrin alpha 6 monoclonal antibodies (450-30A1 and GoH3) showed that integrin alpha 6 was expressed on granulosa and large luteal cells in a profile similar to that of the OG-1 antigen. Integrin beta 1 was expressed on granulosa and large luteal cells, but integrin beta 4 was undetectable. Integrin beta 1 was also expressed on thecal and stromal cells. In term placentas, the OG-1 antigen and integrins alpha 6 and beta 4 were expressed on trophoblasts, whereas integrin beta 1 was expressed on villous capillary endothelia. These results indicate that the mAb OG-1 recognizes integrin alpha 6, and that integrin alpha 6 is a differentiation-related antigen of human GC, suggesting the involvement of integrins in human folliculogenesis and luteal formation.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Eosinophil activation in patients with pulmonary fibrosis.

The eosinophil count and concentrations of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), pulmonary fibrosis associated with a collagen vascular disorder (PF-CVD), sarcoidosis, and healthy controls. The patients with IPF and PF-CVD showed significant increased eosinophil count and ECP levels in BALF compared with the controls. When the patients with IPF and PF-CVD were subclassified into chronic stable, progressive, and acute progressive subgroups in accordance with the observed progression of pulmonary dysfunction during the preceding 3- to 6-month period, those in the acute progressive subgroup showed significantly elevated recovered eosinophil count and ECP level, as well as recovered lymphocyte count and total protein, albumin, and type III procollagen aminoterminal peptide-related antigens (pIIIp) in BALF, compared with either of the other two subgroups. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that, among these variables, only ECP and pIIIp significantly contributed to discrimination among the three subgroups differing in disease activity. These findings suggest that eosinophils are involved in the inflammatory process in pulmonary fibrosis and that the released ECP and other cytotoxic eosinophil products may contribute to the lung injury and development of fibrosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

IL-5 predominant in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood in a patient with acute eosinophilic pneumonia.

We describe an acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) patient with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Eosinophil cell number (47%), content of interleukin (IL)-5 (8.22 x 10(2) pg/ml) and eosinophil cationic protein (9.25 micrograms/ml) were high in BALF. No eosinophilia was seen in peripheral blood on admission; however, content of IL-5 was 9.47 x 10(2) pg/ml. After methylprednisolone pulse therapy, he improved rapidly with a reduction in eosinophil cell number (7%) and the content of IL-5 (< 100 pg/ml) in BALF. However, a high content of IL-5 (6.9 x 10(2) pg/ml) and transient eosinophilia (17.5%) were seen in peripheral blood. It is important to distinguish between AEP and infectious pneumonia, because of the differing treatments. If the diagnosis of AEP is doubtful, BALF should be performed early.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1995

Molecular epidemiology of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated in Nepal by southern hybridization with a cholera toxin gene probe.

A cholera epidemic broke out in 1992 due to Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor in the eastern and southern belt of Nepal mainly among the Bhutanese refugees. Restriction fragment profiles (RFP) of DNA fragments of V. cholerae O1 isolates hybridized with an enzyme-labelled oligonucleotide probe for cholera toxin gene (ctx) by Southern Hybridization were compared. The probe hybridized with the 13- and 8-kb fragments of PstI-digested total DNA in all isolates observed in the epidemic. This RFP in the Nepalese strain was not observed in the strains isolated during other epidemics but was observed in the strains isolated from the exported marine products from Taiwan and Thailand.

Blotting, Southern↗