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Biomedical subjects

T Holm

Publications and source records attributed to T Holm.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

General surgery in patients aged 80 years and older.

This study reviews 594 surgical admissions, of patients aged 80 years and older, to departments of general surgery during 1 year. Half of the patients were admitted as emergencies and 60 per cent underwent surgery. The operative mortality rate was 8 per cent and the overall mortality rate for all admissions 9 per cent. The number of complications and the mortality rate after surgery increased in emergency cases and in patients with coexisting disease. Of all admissions, 72 per cent were uncomplicated and in 70 per cent patients could be discharged directly home; such patients do not generally take up beds and are discharged as soon as medical care is no longer indicated. The number of admissions of patients over 80 years of age will increase by about 30 per cent during this decade and, unless additional resources are provided to meet this challenge, new standards must be considered for the distribution of resources and of indications for surgery in both young and old.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

NMDA receptor agonists derived from ibotenic acid. Preparation, neuroexcitation and neurotoxicity.

The two heterocyclic aspartic acid and glutamic acid analogues derived from ibotenic acid, (RS)-2-amino-2-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)acetic acid (AMAA) and (RS)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid (AMPA) have previously been shown to be selective agonists at N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) and AMPA receptors, respectively. Two analogous series of AMAA and AMPA derivatives have now been synthesized and characterized in receptor binding studies and neuropharmacological experiments. AMAA was shown to be a very potent NMDA agonist in cortical tissue preparations, slightly more active than NMDA, whereas N-methyl-AMAA was less potent and N,N-dimethyl-AMAA almost inactive. (RS)-3-Hydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[4,5-c]pyridine-4-carboxylic acid (4-HPCA), a bicyclic analogue of AMAA, exhibited weak NMDA agonist effects similar to those of quinolinic acid. The relative potency as AMPA receptor agonists of AMPA, N-methyl-AMPA, N,N-dimethyl-AMPA and (RS)-3-hydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid (5-HPCA), a bicyclic analogue of AMPA, was distinctly different from that of the AMAA series of compounds as NMDA agonists. The pharmacological and toxicological profiles of AMAA and 4-HPCA, compared with those of quinolinic acid, are consistent with heterogeneity of NMDA receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

C-reactive protein in tibial fractures. Natural response to the injury and operative treatment.

Serial serum C-reactive protein (CRP) measurements were made, for three weeks, in 42 consecutive patients with solitary tibial fractures. The CRP response was related to the treatment: lower values were observed in 27 patients treated conservatively than in 15 operated patients. Open reduction and plating resulted in a greater response than closed intramedullary nailing. The timing of the CRP response was related to the timing of the treatment: the highest values were usually recorded two days after admission or operation. The timing of the operation did not affect the degree of CRP response. Neither the site, nor the type of fracture, nor the age of the patient played any role. Awareness of these natural CRP responses after fractures may help in the diagnosis of early post-traumatic and postoperative complications, especially infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Members of the RTVL-H family of human endogenous retrovirus-like elements are expressed in placenta.

A cDNA clone homologous to the RTVL-H family of human retrovirus-like elements was isolated from a human placenta cDNA library. The nucleotide sequence of the 1084-bp cDNA revealed an open reading frame (ORF) that may encode a 146 amino acid protein with significant homology to retroviral proteases. Downstream from the putative protease ORF a 3' long terminal repeat (LTR) containing U3 and R regions was found. The cDNA sequence ends in a poly(A) tail appropriately positioned downstream from a polyadenylation signal in the LTR. Northern-blot analysis showed that several distinct RTVL-H homologous transcripts are present in human placenta. We also show that repetitive RTVL-H homologous sequences are present in the genomes of both gorilla and African green monkey.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Cloning and sequencing of the gene encoding the phosphatidylcholine-preferring phospholipase C of Bacillus cereus.

A synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide probe was used to clone the gene encoding the phosphatidylcholine-preferring phospholipase C of Bacillus cereus. The sequence of a 2050-bp restriction fragment containing the gene was determined. Analysis of the gene-derived amino acid (aa) sequence showed that this exoenzyme is probably synthesized as a 283-aa precursor with a 24-aa signal peptide and a 14-aa propeptide. The mature, secreted enzyme comprises 245 aa residues. Sonicates of Escherichia coli HB101 carrying the gene on a multicopy plasmid showed phospholipase C activity. This activity was inhibited by Tris, a known inhibitor of the B. cereus enzyme and also by antiserum raised against pure B. cereus phospholipase C. We conclude therefore that the gene is expressed in E. coli. The cloning and sequencing described here complete the first step toward using in vitro mutagenesis for investigations of the structure-function relationships of B. cereus phospholipase C.

Amino Acid Sequence↗