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Biomedical subjects

T Hirota

Publications and source records attributed to T Hirota.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Surgical treatment of early gastric cancer.

In Japan, R2-gastric resection which consists of gastrectomy, omentectomy and complete removal of Group 1 and 2 regional lymph nodes has been generally accepted as the procedure of choice in the treatment of early gastric cancer during the past 20 years. As a result, surgical treatment for early gastric cancer patients has achieved a very good survival rate, 97.7% and 96.2% 5 and 10 years, respectively, after surgery. To determine a new rationale for surgical treatment for early gastric cancer, the relationship between various prognostic factors and postoperative prognosis in 1,200 patients with early gastric cancer was studied. The survival rate for patients with a single focus of cancer in the stomach was significantly higher than that for patients with multiple foci. The incidence of recurrence was very low (2.8%) as a whole and most recurrence was found in patients who have had invasion into the submucosa with regional lymph node metastasis. The characteristic mode of recurrence was hematogenous metastasis to the liver and lung. The majority of causes of death were non-malignant disease and multiple primary malignant neoplasms. As to the survival rate in relation to the extent of lymph node dissection, no significant difference in survival rate was observed among the three procedures R0-, R1- and R2-resection in single cancer regardless of cancer invasion through the gastric wall. The survival rate for intramucosal carcinoma without lymph node metastases and with Group 1 lymph node metastases in both single and multiple cancer was 100%. In addition, 125 patients with intramucosal polypoid cancer (types I and IIa according to the macroscopic classification of early gastric cancer) showed no lymph node metastasis and had 100% survival. Therefore, from the present study a new rationale for surgical treatment for early gastric cancer is recommended as follows: 1) In general, R1-resection is indicated for intramucosal carcinoma and R2-resection for submucosal carcinoma. 2) Local resection of the tumor or R0-resection with preservation of the regional lymph nodes is thought to be sufficient for an intramucosal polypoid carcinoma less than 2.0 cm in diameter.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pathology of primary tumors and axillary lymph nodes in British and Japanese women with breast cancer.

Histopathologic features of the primary tumor and axillary lymph nodes from 97 consecutive patients with breast cancer from Japan were compared with those from 164 patients from England. Between the two groups, there were statistically significant differences in the morphology of the primary tumors regarding nuclear grade and patterns of tumor infiltration. In axillary lymph nodes, sinus histiocytosis was much more common in Japanese cases than in British cases, and was related to a diminished frequency of axillary node metastases. Germinal centers were also more common in the nodes of Japanese patients and were similarly associated with diminished frequency of metastases.

Axilla↗
PubMed1983

The intramucosal cysts of the stomach. III. In Japanese subjects with gastric or duodenal ulcers.

Gastrectomy specimens from 102 Japanese patients with peptic ulcer disease were examined for intramucosal cysts. The number of cysts for each centimeter of mucosa analyzed (cyst index) was calculated. The intramucosal cysts occurred in 90% of the patients. The mean number of cysts in the 102 specimens was 12.3 (SD +/- 23.45). The resulting cyst index was 3.4 (SD +/- 6.6). Earlier studies have demonstrated a significantly lower cyst index in Swedish patients with peptic ulcer disease. A significantly higher cyst index was found in Japanese and Swedish patients with focal elevated dysplasias and in patients with early gastric cancer. The possibility that some intramucosal cysts of the stomach may be symptomatic of lesions antedating malignant transformation in that organ has been discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Malignant intracranial lymphoma--clinical and patho-immunological study].

Clinical and patho-immunological study was made on 15 cases of primary intracranial malignant lymphoma. The average age of the patients was 45.2, however older man suffered more than younger one. Male to female ratio was 3:2. The duration between onset to diagnosis was less than 6 months in 13 cases. The common signs and symptoms were hemiparesis (60%) and signs of intracranial hypertension (45%), followed by disturbance of consciousness, visual disturbances, convulsion and signs of inflammation. The location of the lesions was in parietal lobe (44%), temporal lobe (27.8%), cerebellum (22.2%), brain stem and basal ganglia (18%). Multiple lesions were found in 4 cases. CT scan was the most diagnostic method not only to delineate the location of lesions but also to recognize the biological natures of this condition. The radiosensitivity of this tumor was also confirmed by follow-up CT scans during radiotherapy. Most of the lesions were avascular by carotid angiography, but capillary blush at the tumor site was shown in some cases. Laboratory findings revealed that derangement of gamma globulin in the serum and decline of cellular immunity were demonstrated in many cases. Surgical removal followed by whole skull irradiation was made in all cases except one. Remission of neurological signs and symptoms with disappearance of lesions on CT scan was obtained in 7 cases for one to 9 months. All cases except two survival, died during 3 to 28 months (average: 10.1). Survival rate at one year and 2 years was 35.7% and 14.3% respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Prognostic factors and surgical method in patients with leiomyosarcoma of the stomach--with special reference to local tumor excision].

Between 1962 and 1982, 48 patients with leiomyosarcoma of the stomach who had undergone resection at the National Cancer Center Hospital were studied to define the prognostic factors clinicopathologically and the criteria of local excision of the tumors. The 5 and 10-year survival rate after resection was 84.3% and 80.5% respectively. Since the extent of surgical resection did not affect survival, gastrectomy is of no greater benefit than local excision. The important prognostic factors were location, size, mitotic index and cellularity of the tumor. Criteria of local tumor excision are defined as tumor location in the anterior wall, small size (much less than 5.0 cm in diameter), low mitotic index (5.0/25 HPF) of low cellularity (0-3/0.0004 mm2).

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A pathologic study of benign breast diseases in Tokyo and New York.

Two hundred thirty-two biopsies of benign breast conditions from the National Cancer Center Hospital in Tokyo and 263 comparable biopsies from Memorial Hospital in New York City were reviewed. The component lesions of benign breast disease were identified and evaluated according to their relative frequency for different ages. Apocrine cysts, apocrine hyperplasia, intraductal hyperplasia, sclerosing adenosis, blunt duct hyperplasia, and atypical lobular hyperplasia were at least twice as common in biopsies from American women. Solitary papillomas were twice as common among biopsies from Japanese patients and tended to show more epithelial proliferation and sclerosing papillomatosis than did Americans. No major differences were found in the frequency of cysts, duct stasis, periductal mastitis, sclerosing intraductal papillomatosis, fibroadenomatoid mastopathy or fibroadenomas. Assuming intraductal hyperplasia and atypical lobular hyperplasia may represent premalignant epithelial changes, the high frequency of these lesions in New York biopsies when compared to Tokyo biopsies correlates well with the higher rate of breast cancer in the United States as compared to Japan. The greater frequency of lobular proliferative lesions and apocrine disease in New York suggests that these lesions may be produced by factors which also predispose American women toward breast cancer.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1982

Carcinogenicity in rats of the mutagenic compounds 1-nitropyrene and 3-nitrofluoranthene.

1-Nitropyrene and 3-nitrofluoranthene are present in diesel exhaust, in pollutants in air, and were also present in certain xerographic toners and copies. Their carcinogenicities were studied in male F344/DuCrj rats by subcutaneous injection. Sarcomas, mainly malignant fibrous histiocytomas at the site of injection were induced in 8 to 17 (47%) rats by 1-nitropyrene and in 4 of 10 (40%) rats by 3-nitrofluoranthene. Some tumors were serially transplantable in the same strain of rats.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1982

An immunoperoxidase study of S-100 protein distribution in normal and neoplastic tissues.

The presence of S-100 protein was immunohistochemically studied in many types of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumors (260 cases). Peripheral nerve tumors, i.e., schwannomas, neurofibromas, granular cell tumors, and neurogenic sarcomas were demonstrated to contain variable amounts of S-100 protein in the tumor cell cytoplasm and nuclei. In ganglioneuromas and ganglioneuroblastomas, neoplastic Schwann cells or satellite cells were positive for S-100 protein. About one-half of the cases of carcinoid tumors stained weakly for S-100 protein. In addition to these nervous tissue and carcinoid tumors, chondrosarcoma, chordomas, pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary gland, and Langerhans cell granulomatosis were also shown to produce S-100 protein. In many types of breast tumors and other lesions, S-100 protein positive cells were likely to correspond to the distribution of myoepithelial cells. These results indicate that S-100 protein is not strictly specific to nervous tissue and its tumors; however, the immunohistochemical demonstration of S-100 protein can be a useful diagnostic tool in tumor diagnosis.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1982

Induction of hepatic gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in rats by repeated administration of aminopyrine.

The effect of a 20-day administration of aminopyrine (600 mg kg-1) as well as two metabolites of aminopyrine, 4-aminoantipyrine (525 mg kg-1) and 4-acetamidoantipyrine (635 mg kg-1), on several hepatic, kidney and serum enzyme activities were investigated. In the aminopyrine-treated group, a pronounced induction of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was shown in the whole homogenate as compared to that in the hepatic microsomes. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity was also increased by administration of aminopyrine or 4-aminoantipyrine. No change in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity was observed in kidney and hepatic cytosolic fractions. In all cases, 4-acetamidoantipyrine treatment showed no significant change in the enzyme activities tested. Under the same experimental condition, the amounts of cytochrome P-450 and b5, the activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase, aniline hydroxylase and carboxylesterase of liver microsomes were all induced in the aminopyrine- and 4-aminoantipyrine-treated rats. The activities of NADPH cytochrome c reductase and NADH ferricyanide reductase were also increased. The results in this paper support the view that repeated administration of aminopyrine induces hepatic membrane-bound enzyme, particularly, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity.

Aminopyrine↗
PubMed1982

[Two cases of carcinoid tumor of the stomach which responded to oral administration of UFT].

UFT was given to two patients with carcinoid tumor of the stomach and the effect of the drug was evaluated. The first patient was a 67-year-old female. She was admitted because of upper abdominal tumor. Exploratory laparotomy revealed gastric tumor and additional huge tumor with liver metastasis and peritoneal dissemination. Histology of biopsy specimens from gastric tumor and metastatic lesions was a composite type, of carcinoid tumor. Postoperatively UFT (600 mg/day) was given to the patient. During three months of the treatment the size of the large tumor reduced from 10 X 10 cm to 4 X 4cm. The second patient was a 55-year-old male. He was admitted because of severe diarrhea. Biopsy from gastric lesion and metastatic skin lesions revealed carcinoid tumor. After administration of UFT and Mitomycin C, metastatic skin lesions became smaller and some of the lesions disappeared. Two cases suggest a possibility that UFT may be effective for carcinoid tumor of the stomach.

Administration, Oral↗