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Biomedical subjects

T Hirose

Publications and source records attributed to T Hirose.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Osteosarcoma with epithelioid features. An immunohistochemical study.

We report a case of osteosarcoma with coexpression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers immunohistochemically of the second lumbar vertebra in a 49-year-old man. Histologically, the tumor largely showed typical patterns of osteosarcoma with lacelike osteoid deposition and chondroblastic and fibroblastic areas. Immunoreactivity for osteocalcin (human bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein) was demonstrated in most of these tumor cells. Both primary and recurrent tumors contained areas that were composed of epithelioid cells with an alveolar pattern and a trabecular arrangement that resembled carcinoma. Some of the epithelioid cells gave positive reactions for cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen. On extensive examination, no other site of malignancy was detected. There have been a few reports of osteosarcomas with epithelioid cells, but to our knowledge, the immunohistochemical properties of this type of tumor have not been reported previously. This is an unusual case of osteosarcoma with epithelioid features.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath. An immunohistochemical observation on the characteristics and the capacity of proliferation of tumor cells.

To investigate character and proliferation of tumor cells of giant cell tumor of tendon sheath (GCTTS), we studied 25 cases of GCTTS by light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry. Mononucleated stromal cells (SC) of GCTTS could be divided into three types according to their antigenic features. The first type was the histiocytic SC expressing antigens recognized by KP1, Mac387 and Ham56. The second type was the fibroblastic SC showing fibronectin immunoreactivity. The third type was the intermediate SC expressing both KP1 and fibronectin. The presence of intermediate SC suggested that the different types of SC of GCTTS would be of common origin, i.e. from the mesenchymal cells of the synovium and represented different functional phases or phenotypic alterations. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was observed only in SC and occasionally, in binucleated cells, but multinucleated giant cells (GC) were negative for PCNA, suggesting that GC were non-dividing cells.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1993

The innervation of intradermal nevi. On the nevus-axon relations.

In the study of the histogenesis of intradermal nevi, the nevus cell-Schwann cell relationship has been a matter of long debate. We have demonstrated a dense axonal supply in the intradermal nevi by protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) immunohistochemistry. There were small nerve bundles between nevus cell nests and numerous individual axons in the nests of all the intradermal nevi studied. The distribution of these axons was more dense in the deeper and middle portions than in the superficial portion of the nevi. The significance and morphogenesis of this rich axonal supply in the intradermal nevi remain obscure, but this nevic neurotropism suggests an intimate mutual interaction between nevus cells and axons: possibly, some activities of nevus cells stimulating axonal proliferation, or nevus cell migration into the preexisting nerves. The presence of the proliferated axons may have some influences upon Schwannian transformation of the nevus cells. The mode of contact between nevus cell and axon, the presence of true Schwann cells surrounding the proliferated axons and the demonstration of myelin structure should be investigated by further electron microscopic study.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A 47-year-old woman with meningeal signs and consciousness disturbance].

We report a 47-year-old woman with SLE, who developed meningeal signs and consciousness disturbance. She noted an onset of fever, and swelling and pain in her face, hands and feet in 1990. She was seen in another hospital and the diagnosis of SLE was made. She was treated with prednisolone with marked improvement in her symptoms. She was well with 5 mg of oral prednisolone daily until January of 1991, when she developed fever, myalgia and weakness in her legs. She was admitted to the medical service of our hospital on August 5. She was receiving 15 mg of prednisolone daily. Gram positive rods were cultured from her blood on August 5. She became incoherent 2 days later, and had a convulsive episode on August 8. After the convulsion, she lost consciousness from which she did not recover. Her CSF contained 304/3 microliters cells, 29 of which were neutrophils, 6 lymphocytes, 90 others, and 179 destructed cells. The CSF protein content was 345 mg/dl, and glucose 23 mg/dl. A neurological consultation was asked on August 9. Physical examination at that time revealed a semicomatous woman. Respiration was 30/min and regular. BP 132/82 mmHg, heart rate 122/min and regular, and BT 39.6 degrees C. General physical examination was unremarkable. Pertinent neurologic findings were positive Kernig sign and spasticity in all four limbs. Brain stem reflexes were retained. Upon painful stimulation, withdrawal response was elicited both lower extremities. She was treated with pipiracillin, latamoxef and phenobarbital, however, she had frequent seizures. She was deeply comatose on December 10. She became flaccid and no more meningeal signs were observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Encephalitis↗
PubMed1993

[Characteristics of bronchial asthma in the elderly].

To characterize asthma in the elderly, we compared asthma in patients aged over 70 without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with that in patients in their twenties. In the elderly, 65.5% of the patients had developed asthma after they were fifty years old. The mean duration from onset of asthma was 21.4 years. Of cases in the elderly, 42.1% were severe, and 93.0% were chronic type. IgE was significantly lower in the elderly than in those in their twenties. Among the patients in their twenties, the severe cases had early onset and long duration. In the elderly, however, there were no correlations between severity and age at onset or duration. Severe cases in their twenties had more obstructive ventilatory dysfunction in the stable state than the mild cases. In the elderly, however, the mild cases had the same level of obstructive ventilatory dysfunction as the severe cases. The elderly patients who had more than twenty years duration had lower V50 and V25 than those who had a less than twenty-year history. Small airway obstruction was observed in long-standing cases. As asthma in the elderly causes obstructive ventilatory dysfunction in the stable state, elderly patients might easily develop respiratory failure, even during mild attacks.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Measuring vision with temporally modulated stripes in infants and children with ROP.

PURPOSE: To determine differences in preferential looking (PL) acuities using stationary and temporally modulated stripe patterns in patients with various stages of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS: We measured the PL acuities of 134 patients (ages 4 mo to 13 yr) with various stages of ROP. Patients were divided into six subgroups according to PL vision measured with stationary stripes: (1) equal to or better than 20/200 (n = 24); (2) worse than 20/200 to 20/400 (n = 10); (3) worse than 20/400 to 20/800 (n = 15); (4) worse than 20/800 to 20/1600 (n = 13); (5) worse than 20/1600 to 20/6400 (n = 26); and (6) worse than 20/6400 (n = 46; no stationary vision). RESULTS: In the group with PL acuity equal to or better than 20/200, no difference in vision was apparent between the two methods. In patients with acuities worse than 20/200 to 20/400, the temporally modulated PL acuities were 0.23 octave better than the PL acuities measured with the stationary stripes. The difference increased to 0.86 and 1.12 octaves in the groups with visual acuities worse than 20/400 to 20/800 and worse than 20/800 to 20/1600, respectively. The difference in the group with PL acuities worse than 20/1600 to 20/6400 was 1.69 octaves. The 46 patients with no stationary vision detected only the temporally modulated stripes. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the PL acuity difference between the temporally modulated and stationary stripes increases with visual impairment. Measuring PL acuity with temporally modulated stripes is an important addition to the evaluation of severely visually impaired subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical long-term studies of the treatment of chronic complicated urinary tract infections. Utility and recurrence after 14-day treatment by cefditoren pivoxil].

In this study, cefditoren pivoxil (ME 1207, CDTR-PI), a new oral cephem antibiotic, was given to 72 patients with non-catheterized complicated urinary tract infections (UTI) to evaluate clinical efficacy and safety, and also to investigate the rate of recurrence after completion of treatment. Daily dose of CDTR-PI was 100 mg t.i.d., and CDTR-PI was administered for 14 days. According to the criteria proposed by the Japanese UTI Committee, clinical efficacy of CDTR-PI was evaluated at day 7 and day 14. The rate of recurrence was assessed by bacterial count in urine as the marker. The following results were obtained. 1. Overall clinical efficacy rates were 68.4% on day 7 and 81.6% on day 14. The efficacy rate at day 14 was higher than the rate at day 7. 2. Bacteriologically, eradication rates were 75.5% at day 7 and 79.6% at day 14. 3. As to side effects, abdominal discomfort was observed in 1 case and its incidence was 1.6%. Incidence of abnormalities of laboratory findings was 10.4%, and these abnormalities were slight and transient. 4. Thirty-one patients were assessable to the recurrence of infections, 60% of them were judged as "cured" at 1-2 weeks and 3-7 weeks after completion of treatment. In this study, "relapsed", reappearance of causative organisms, was observed much more frequently than "reinfection". These results suggest that sufficient clinical efficacy and safety of CDTR-PI in non-catheterized complicated UTI were effected by 14 days treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

CD27, a member of the nerve growth factor receptor family, is preferentially expressed on CD45RA+ CD4 T cell clones and involved in distinct immunoregulatory functions.

CD27 is a disulfide-linked 120-kDa homodimer expressed on the majority of peripheral T cells at variable density that belongs to the recently defined nerve growth factor receptor family. mAb reactive with CD27 can either enhance or inhibit T cell activation, suggesting a crucial role in the process of T cell activation. We now show that CD27 is preferentially expressed on the CD45RA+CD45RO-CD29low subset of CD4 cells. CD27 expression on this subset is maintained for a prolonged period in culture after PHA activation. In contrast, CD45RA-CD45RO(+)-CD29high subset of CD4 cells express very low level of CD27, and its expression is lost within 2 wk after PHA activation. To further analyze the differential expression of CD27 on these reciprocal subsets of CD4 cells, we developed T cell clones by stimulating isolated CD4+CD45RA+ and CD4+CD45RO+ populations with PHA. T cell clones derived from cells originally CD45RA+ retained both CD45RA and CD27 expression, whereas T cell clones derived from cells originally CD45RO+ were CD45RA- and CD27-. In functional assays, IL-4 production could only be induced in CD45RA-CD27- CD4 clones by stimulation with PMA and ionomycin. Four of six CD45RA+ CD4 clones had suppressor activity in PWM-driven IgG synthesis, whereas five of six CD45RA- CD4 clones had helper activity. Of interest, the suppressor activity of CD45RA+CD27+ clones was partially blocked by pretreatment with anti-CD27 mAb (1A4). Anti-1A4 pretreatment of these T cell clones resulted in elevation of intracellular cAMP levels. Thus, CD27 appears to play a role in the function of CD45RA+CD27+ CD4 cells, and may be involved in suppressor activity of these cells at least in part via its effects on cAMP production.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1992

Ethacrynic acid-induced convulsions and brain neurotransmitters in mice.

Intracerebroventricular injection of ethacrynic acid (50% convulsive dose; 50 micrograms/mouse) accelerated the synthesis/turnover of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) but suppressed the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid and acetylcholine in mouse brain. These effects were completely antagonized by pretreatment with a glutamate/N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, aminophosphonovaleric acid. In ethacrynic acid-induced convulsions, these neurotransmitter systems may be differentially modulated, probably through activation of glutaminergic neurons in the brain.

2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate↗
PubMed1992

Pattern reversal visual-evoked response as a prognostic indicator in macular gliosis.

We recorded the preoperative pattern reversal visual-evoked responses in 16 subjects (16 eyes) with macular gliosis who underwent membrane-peeling operations. A postoperative visual improvement of one octave or more was observed in 11 of 16 eyes (68.8%). Preoperatively, ten eyes had peak amplitudes greater than or equal to 2 microV, all 11 eyes had either lowpass or bandpass curve shapes, and ten eyes had recordable responses to 20- or 10-minutes of an arc check sizes. Each of the three preoperative criteria was significantly associated with a postoperative visual improvement of one octave or more (P = .01, .02, and .02, respectively). These results demonstrate that the preoperative pattern reversal visual-evoked response can objectively assess the function of the underlying macula in patients with macular gliosis and, consequently, is helpful in determining which patient would most likely benefit from a membrane-peeling operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Electrophysiological findings in paraneoplastic retinopathy.

Paraneoplastic retinopathy is a cancer-related non-metastatic retinopathy mainly associated with lung cancer. We examined two patients with presumed paraneoplastic retinopathy, both ophthalmologically and electrophysiologically. Both patients presented with initial visual complaints of moderate reduction of visual acuity. No specific fundus anomaly was found in the fundus except for a mild attenuation of the retinal arteries. The electroretinogram and pattern reversal visual evoked responses were either markedly reduced in amplitude or non-recordable. The electrooculogram recorded in one patient demonstrated a markedly reduced light peak/dark trough ratio. These results indicate the presence of a severe and diffuse bilateral retinal dysfunction, despite the relatively good visual acuities and mild fundus changes. Electrophysiological evaluations play an important role in the diagnosis of paraneoplastic retinopathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Intraocular pressure determination in infants with severe retinopathy of prematurity.

We determined intraocular pressure (IOP) in 55 premature infants (122 determinations) with stage V retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) by applanation and indentation tonometry corrected for scleral rigidity and found a modest correlation of r = 0.52 between readings. Chronologic age and the scleral rigidity coefficient were the most significant factors affecting the closeness in readings. Our findings suggest that the applanation method of obtaining IOP values is preferable in infants with ROP because this method is less affected by technical error and the variable nature of premature infant sclera. Frequent examination may be necessary to detect an early IOP increase, especially in infants who have had successful retinal reattachment through vitreoretinal techniques.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

A rare case of fibroadenoma in a tubular adenoma of the breast.

We report herein a case of a 31 year old housewife who underwent an excisional biopsy for a well-circumscribed lump in her breast. The lump contained 2 histological patterns, namely, fibroadenoma and tubular adenoma. These patterns had no transitional zone, were distinct and changed abruptly. This case was histologically diagnosed as "a fibroadenoma in tubular adenoma of the breast, benign", with no other such case ever having been reported in Japan. The histological findings of this case, convinced us that tubular adenoma is closely related to fibroadenoma.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1992

Anaplastic ganglioglioma of the brain stem demonstrating active neurosecretory features of neoplastic neuronal cells.

An autopsy case of anaplastic ganglioglioma in the brain stem of a 12-year-old girl is reported. The ill-defined tumor involved the right cerebellar peduncle, medulla oblongata and upper cervical spinal cord, and showed mixed proliferation of many ganglioid cells and atypical pilocytic astrocytes with necrotic areas. Immunohistochemical studies revealed the presence of chromogranin A in most ganglioid cells and of metenkephalin in some large ganglioid cells. Glial cells were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin. Ultrastructurally, numerous dense-core granules of 90-220 nm in diameter were demonstrated in ganglioid cells and abundant glial filaments in glial cells. High neurosecretory activity in neuronal cells, suggested by chromogranin-immunoreactivity and dense-core granules, seems to be the most characteristic property of ganglion cell tumors.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Effects of reactive oxygen intermediate scavengers on the antitoxoplasmic activity of activated macrophages.

Obioactin, Lonomycin A, muramyl dipeptide, and scavengers of hydrogen radicals and of singlet oxygen were used to study the participation of.OH and 1O2 in the killing of Toxoplasma in cultures of glycogen-induced peritoneal macrophages. Both the scavengers of OH (diazabicyclooctane and histidine) and those of 1O2 (mannitol and sodium benzoate) failed to inhibit the multiplication of Toxoplasma in macrophages that were incubated with either Obioactin, Lonomycin A, or MDP. The results of these experiments demonstrate the apparent lack of an inhibitory effect of.OH and 1O2 on the multiplication of Toxoplasma, whereas the scavengers alone inhibited the growth of the parasites.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1992

Effect of light scatter on the pattern reversal visual evoked response: comparison with psychophysical results.

The effect of light scatter on the pattern reversal visual evoked response (PVER) was studied in 6 normal subjects. The results were compared with contrast visual acuity, contrast sensitivity function, and glare disability. Light scatter was induced by translucent acrylic sheets. Visual acuity measured with the low-contrast charts decreased significantly (P < 0.0001) even with a small degree of light scatter. Contrast sensitivity decreased with a small degree of light scatter especially for high spatial frequencies. PVER amplitudes decreased especially at the smaller checks with its peak shifted to larger checks. PVER was equally sensitive to light scatter compared to psychophysical tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: an immunohistochemical study in relation to ultrastructural features.

The constituent cells in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors were examined by studying the expression of immunohistochemical markers for Schwann cells and perineurial cells in relation to ultrastructural features in 12 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Ultrastructural studies demonstrated mixed proliferation of Schwann cells, perineurial cells, fibroblastic cells, and primitive cells in many malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Expression of S-100 protein was well correlated with Schwann cell-like differentiation of tumor cells. However, Leu-7 and epithelial membrane antigen, which have been considered to be specific to Schwann cells and perineurial cells, respectively, were common to Schwann cells, perineurial cells, and primitive cells. The common immunophenotypic expression suggests a close relationship among these cell types. The unusual expression of cytokeratin could be explained by the plasticity of intermediate filament expression.

Adult↗