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Biomedical subjects

T Hirose

Publications and source records attributed to T Hirose.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Therapeutic study on biofilm of the urinary tract using a severely complicated bladder model (biofilm model of the urinary tract)--experimental study using an automatic simulator of urinary antimicrobial agent concentration, and clinical study].

For the purpose of conducting a therapeutic study on biofilm of the urinary tract, we devised a computer-controlled severely complicated bladder model (biofilm model of the urinary tract) enabling us to simulate the time-course of the concentration of antimicrobial agents in the urine. Using this model, we investigated clarithromycin (CAM), which has been reported to have anti-biofilm action, at concentrations close to its urinary levels at the time of clinical use in order to predict its effect on biofilm of the urinary tract. On the basis of those experimental results, we also conducted a clinical examination. The following results were obtained. 1. The action of ciprofloxacin (CPFX, MIC: 8 micrograms/ml) alone, which shows anti-P. aeruginosa activity, caused apparent elimination of P. aeruginosa from the model. However, regrowth of the microbes occurred when CPFX was removed from the bladder model. Moreover, the biofilm was not eliminated by the antimicrobial action of CPFX, and this was surmised to be the cause of the regrowth. 2. CAM (MIC: above 128 micrograms/ml), which has no anti-P. aeruginosa activity, was similarly tested as anti-biofilm agent when added alone to the biofilm model. The P. aeruginosa recovered to its initial concentration within 48 hours, but the biofilm disappeared due to the action of CAM. 3. The combined action of CPFX and CAM caused microbial elimination from the bladder model without microbial regrowth, even after these antimicrobial agents were removed from the bladder model. After the action of CPFX and CAM, the biofilm disappeared, and no microbial adherence was noted. 4. Measurement of time-course of the alginate content, which is the main component of P. aeruginosa biofilm, in the presence of CAM found that the alginate content decreased below the limit of detection after day 5. 5. The clinical study of complicated urinary tract infection revealed the microbial elimination rate and the efficacy rate to be higher in the combined CPFX-CAM administration group than in the CPFX-only administration group. 6. Based on the above results, we surmise that the combined use of an antimicrobial agent which is active against the causative microbe and anti-biofilm agent such as CAM will show some degree of efficacy in eliminating biofilm of the urinary tract.

Ciprofloxacin↗
PubMed1994

[Fundamental and clinical studies on MIC breakpoint of SY5555 for Enterococcus faecalis in complicated urinary tract infections of moderate severity].

A multicenter clinical study was carried out to investigate the clinical efficacy of SY5555 from viewpoint of its MIC breakpoint for Enterococcus faecalis. SY5555 was administered in dosages of 150 mg x 3/day and 300 mg x 3/day, for 7 days, to patients with complicated urinary tract infections of moderate severity (no indwelling catheter). Based primarily on the bacteriological efficacy (eradication) as the criterion for evaluation, the MIC breakpoint of SY5555 was investigated. SY5555 showed potent antimicrobial activity towards E. faecalis, and its MIC80 value for the clinical isolates of this bacterial species was 1.56 micrograms/ml. Analysis was carried out to determine the extent to which this in vitro activity is corroborated by the drug's clinical efficacy in eradicating E. faecalis. 1. Experimental study In a study employing an experimental model of complicated bladder infections of moderate severity, it was judged that the MIC breakpoints of SY5555 administered at 150 mg x 3/day and 300 mg x 3/day were 2 micrograms/ml and 8 micrograms/ml. 2. Clinical study SY5555 was administered at 150 mg x 3/day (7 days) to six patients and at 300 mg x 3/day (7 days) to 32 patients, and the clinical efficacy of these treatments was investigated. 2.1. Investigation of the clinical MIC breakpoint showed it to be 12.5 micrograms/ml for both the 150 mg x 3/day and 300 mg x 3/day regimens. However, since the number of cases in this study was small, analysis was performed of the data from a large number of cases by including the cases registered in a nation-wide Phase II study of SY5555. That analysis showed the clinical MIC breakpoint for the two dosages to be 3.13 micrograms/ml and 6.25 micrograms/ml. Thus, this analysis of large number of cases yielded clinical MIC breakpoint that are in agreement with the abovementioned experimental MIC breakpoints. 2.2. In the evaluation of the efficacy rate using the UTI drug efficacy evaluation criteria, cases rated as "good" or "excellent" numbered five of the six patients in the 150 mg x 3/day treatment group and 25 of the 32 (78.1%) patients in the 300 mg x 3/day treatment group, or 30/33 (78.9%) cases overall. These efficacy rates are about the same as the 82.0% reported for the nation-wide Phase II study. 2.3. Each of the strains of E. faecalis isolated from the patients was found to be eradicated by the SY5555 treatment: four strains in the 150 mg dosage group (the MIC of each was 3.13 micrograms/ml or less) and 18 strains in the 300 mg dosage group (the MIC of each was 6.25 micrograms/ml or less). Moreover, in both dosage groups, E. faecalis was not found to recur after the SY5555 treatment. 3. Conclusions In consideration of the above findings in the investigations of treatment of patients with complicated urinary tract infections of moderate severity, the following conclusions can be drawn. 3.1. In antimicrobial treatment employing SY5555 in a regimen consisting of 300 mg x 3/day for 7 days, the clinical breakpoint is in the range of 6.25-12.5 micrograms/ml. 3.2. In particular, as would be surmised from the fact that the MIC80 value of SY5555 for E. faecalis isolated is 1.56 micrograms/ml, this drug shows quite strong efficacy in the eradication of E. faecalis from cases of complicated urinary tract infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Study on local immune response in diabetic mice, in which bactericidal capacity of the neutrophils had been damaged--Escherichia coli induced experimental urinary tract infection].

An experimental ascending urinary tract infection was induced by transurethral instillation of Escherichia coli in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, in which bactericidal capacity of the perineal exudating neutrophils had been damaged. The local immune response in uninfected diabetic mice and the response time fluctuation of local immune responses in diabetic mice following infection were compared with those in normal mice, and the nature of induced changes in the local immune response was determined. The diabetic model was prepared by a single administration of 280 mg/kg of STZ after it had been fasted for 15 hours. The mouse was then fasted an additional 2 hours to induce the diabetic state. Compared with the normal mice, the diabetic mice prepared using this method were found to have a significant suppression of the bactericidal capacity of the perineal exudating neutrophils, 3 weeks after induction of diabetes. The study of the cellular distribution in uninfected urinary tract tissue demonstrated a reduction in CD4-positive T cell distribution in bladder submucosa of diabetic mice at 3 weeks after induction of diabetes (diabetic group), compared with that in the normal mice (control group). In the diabetic group, probably in order to compensate for the reduction in CD4-positive T cell distribution in the bladder submucosa, the distribution of macrophages was increased in the bladder epithelium, compared with the control group. This finding suggested that diabetic mice are thought to have protective mechanisms against infection different from those of normal mice in the uninfected state. The study of the response time fluctuation of local immune response at the infected sites demonstrated infiltration of macrophages was the same grade as that of neutrophils in the control and the diabetic group. However, in the diabetic group, a marked infiltration of macrophages was recognized when compared with the control group in the early phase of infection. These findings suggested that macrophages aid in protection against infection when damage to the bactericidal capacity of neutrophils results in insufficient elimination of microorganisms. On the other hand, infiltration of T and B cells was weaker in the diabetic group, than in the control group.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Adaptation study for biofilm of the urinary tract via highly complicated bladder model (biofilm model of the urinary tract)--experimental study using automatic simulator of the urinary antimicrobial agent concentration].

With the view of making an adaptation study for biofilm of the urinary tract, we devised a computer-controlled highly complicated bladder model (biofilm model of the urinary tract) that allowed the simulation of time-course changes in the urinary concentration of antimicrobial agents. Clarithromycin (CAM), which is reported to have an anti-biofilm action, was examined at urinary levels approximating clinical concentrations and its effect on biofilm was determined. The following results were obtained. 1) Ofloxacin (OFLX, 200 mg x 2/day, MIC; 8 micrograms/ml), which is active against Pseudomonas aruginosa, caused apparent microbial elimination from the model at 42 hours, but bacterial regrowth occurred 4 hours after withdrawal of this agent. No disappearance of the biofilm was noted with OFLX suggesting that this was the cause of bacterial regrowth. 2) The combination of OFLX (200 mg x 2/day) and CAM (MIC; > 128 micrograms/ml, 200 mg x 2/day) on anti-biofilm agent, with no effect on P. aeruginosa, eliminated bacteria from the bladder model more rapidly and prolonged the regrowth time to 10 hours after withdrawal of the antimicrobial agents. Disappearance of most of the biofilm and only slight microbial adhesion was noted. 3) The combination of OFLX (200 mg x 2/day) and CAM (400 mg x 3/day) caused microbial elimination from the bladder model with no regrowth at 30 hours after withdrawal of the antimicrobial agents. The biofilm disappeared completely and no microbial adhesion was noted. 4) CAM alone (400 mg x 3/day) allowed microbial recovery to the initial level within 48 hours after withdrawal, but led to disappearance of the biofilm and the adhesion of microbes without a glycocalyx. 5) These results suggest that the anti-biofilm action of CAM is dose-dependent, and that combined use of an appropriate antimicrobial agent and anti-biofilm agent like CAM may be effective for biofilm infections of the urinary tract.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1994

[Study on intractable factors in urinary tract infections--multiple regression analysis].

Intractable complicated urinary tract infections (UTI) are caused by host and/or bacterial factors which predispose to persistent infections and recurrent infections. It is still unknown what kind of factors are responsible for the intractable complicated UTI. With the increase of compromised host or cases with complicated UTI, the factors involved in intractable and recurrent UTI are diversified. Accurate diagnosis of the factors affecting the therapeutic effect will have more importance. The factors affecting the therapeutic effect was subjected to multiple regression analysis from both aspects of underlying disease in the urinary tract (complicated factors) and systemic conditions (compromised factors) in one hundred and ninety patients of complicated UTI admitted to our clinic. Sex, presence or absence of hydronephrosis and indwelling catheter and volume of residual urine as complicated factors and age, serum creatine value, peripheral neutrophil count, peripheral lymphocyte count, diabetic or not, whether the patient underwent major operation within 1 week or not, and serum albumin value, an indicator of malnutrition, as compromised factors were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. The presence of indwelling catheter, residual urine more than 50 ml and hypoalbuminemia less than 3 g/dl were the most determinant of the clinical efficacy in cases with complicated UTI. Interestingly, presence of residual urine more than 50 ml is considered an equally intractable factor with the presence of indwelling catheter. These factors proved to be important also as recurrent factors. In the host with these factors, UTI are often caused by resistant bacteria and indicated to be intractable also bacteriologically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Electroretinogram b/a wave ratio improvement in central retinal vein obstruction.

The electroretinogram (ERG), especially the b/a wave ratio, is considered a good indicator of retinal ischaemia in central retinal vein obstruction (CRVO). Seven CRVO patients who showed b/a wave ratio improvement from < 1.0 [negative type (-) ERG] to > or = 1.0 and one from 1.07 to 1.53 were studied. Three mechanisms of change were observed: firstly, the b-wave amplitude increased without an a-wave amplitude decrease (group A, n = 2); secondly, the b-wave amplitude increased with an a-wave amplitude decrease (group B, n = 4); and, thirdly, both decreased, but the a-wave amplitude decreased more markedly (group C, n = 2). In group A, the visual acuities improved markedly. In group B, the visual acuities improved in two cases in which the b-wave amplitude reached the normal range; the visual acuities did not improve in two cases in which the b-wave amplitude did not reach the normal range. In group C, the visual acuities remained poor. The negative (-) ERG or significantly reduced b/a wave ratio is associated with ischaemic CRVO and did not occur because of the filtering effect of the haemorrhage, which may reduce the stimulus light for the ERG. Improvement of the reduced b/a wave ratio with an increased b-wave amplitude was accompanied by improvements in fundus appearance and visual acuity in CRVO. The results suggest that the retinal ischaemia in CRVO, as revealed by the ERG and fluorescein angiogram, may be reversible in some cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Snellen visual acuity versus pattern reversal visual-evoked response acuity in clinical applications.

We compared the best-corrected Snellen acuity (SA) and the pattern reversal visual-evoked response (PVER) acuity in normal subjects and patients. Forty-two eyes of 42 normal subjects were controls; 457 eyes of 329 patients comprised the patient group. A steady-state stimulus with five check sizes ranging from 160 to 10 min in 1.0-octave steps was used. The PVER acuity was derived from the best-fit linear function relating the amplitude to the log-adjusted check size. Three intercepts of 0, 1 and 2 microV were used in both groups, and the PVER acuities were called P0, P1 and P2. The SAs in normal subjects ranged from 20/15 to 20/20 (mean, 20/18.3) and in patients from 20/15 to 20/1,600 (mean, 20/56.9). In normals, the P0 showed the best agreement with the SA (mean acuity difference, +0.34 octave). The SA and P0 agreed within +/- 2.0 octaves in 33/42 (78.6%) eyes. In patients, the P0 also showed the best agreement with the SA; 306/457 (67.0%) eyes showed an acuity difference within +/- 2.0 octaves. Unlike normals, 83/457 (18.2%) eyes showed an acuity difference > -3.0 octaves. These eyes mostly had optic nerve disease with a flattened PVER amplitude-check size function curve. The P0 seems to correlate better with SA than P1 and P2, but this analytical method may be less effective in the presence of certain pathologic conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

TAK1: molecular cloning and characterization of a new member of the nuclear receptor superfamily.

Using polymerase chain reaction and two degenerate primers whose designs were based on the two best conserved regions of the DNA-binding domain of the nuclear receptor superfamily, we identified and cloned a novel orphan receptor, named TAK1. The open reading frame of TAK1 encodes a protein of 596 amino acid residues. Based on the modular structure and the presence of a DNA-binding domain containing two zinc fingers TAK1 belongs to the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily. The amino acid sequence of TAK1 is most closely related to the orphan receptor TR2-11. Their overall sequence homology is 64%, with the highest similarity (82%) being observed in the DNA-binding domain. Northern blot analysis using RNA from multiple human tissues showed that a 9.4 kilobase TAK1 transcript was expressed ubiquitously and that the presence of a 2.8 kilobase mRNA was largely restricted to the testis. In situ hybridization using sections of rat and mouse testes and Northern blot analysis using RNA from testes of rats at various ages revealed that TAK1 is most abundantly expressed in spermatocytes whereas little expression was observed in other germ cells or somatic cells. In situ hybridization using other mouse and rat tissues revealed cell type-specific expression of TAK1 in several tissues. Our observations suggest a role for this putative transcription factor in the regulation of gene expression in specific cell types. In the testis, TAK1 appears to control gene expression during spermatogenesis, particularly during the meiotic phase.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis associated with plexiform change in bilateral temporal lobes.

A 70-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and secondary amyloidosis presented repeated consciousness loss. The pathological findings at autopsy revealed multi-organic deposits of amyloid A-protein and so-called 'plexiform change' of blood vessels in bilateral temporal lobes. The arterial plexiform change, which is found in the lung specimen of primary pulmonary hypertension, might be a new pathological cerebrovascular change associated with RA.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical study on female patients with bladder irritability--comparison between cystitis and urethral syndrome].

We analysed the clinical background of female who had no underlying disease but consulted out urology outpatient clinic with a chief complaint of symptoms of bladder irritation. Overally, 50.1% (102/200 cases) of the cases had urethral syndrome, without pyria or bacteriuria. Plotting of the age distribution of the urethral syndrome cases showed a bell-shaped curve, with the peak at the 40-49 year-old age bracket. The age distribution for the cystitis cases showed two peaks: at 20-29 years of age and 60-69 years of age. These results indicate that the cases of urethral syndrome involve multiple factors with increasing age. Examination of the external genitalia revealed the urethral smear specimens to be positive for leukocytes in 48.9% (88/180 cases) of the total urethral syndrome cases and in 72.7% (16/22 cases) of the urethral syndrome cases positive for urethral bacteria. Accordingly, it was surmised that there is considered to be a precursor of cystitis-as a cause of urethral syndrome cases. In addition, the rates of detection of chlamydia trachomatis from the vagina and urethra of the urethral syndrome cases in the reproductive age range of (2/34 cases) for the urethra. However, these rates were about the same as those determined for healthy volunteers. Nevertheless, it was surmised that urethritis or vaginitis caused by C. trachomatis was one of the causes of the symptoms of bladder irritation in some of the cases. Accordingly, it was concluded that infection due to C. trachomatis cannot be ignored as a possible cause of urethral syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Re-examination of the criteria for clinical evaluation on bacterial prostatitis--analysis of the data of the clinical study of temafloxacin].

The clinical efficacy of temafloxacin (TMFX) was evaluated in the patients with acute prostatitis (AP: 31 cases) and chronic prostatitis (CP: 75 cases), and the criteria for clinical evaluation on bacterial prostatitis by the Japanese UTI Committee were re-examined. The clinical efficacy of TMFX on prostatitis was examined. The number of the evaluable cases by doctors in charge were 30 and 68 for AP and CP, respectively. The efficacy rates were as high as 96.7% for AP and 80.9% for CP. In the patients whose efficacy could be evaluated by the Committee, the efficacy rates were as high as 100% (15/15) for acute bacterial prostatitis (ABP) and 66.7% (18/27) for chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP). The bacteriological eradication rates were 100% (15/15) for ABP and 81.5% (22/27) for CBP. Adverse drug reactions were observed in 8 of 100 cases (total evaluable cases) but they clinically did not consist any problems. Abnormal laboratory test findings were observed in 9 of 71 cases (total evaluable cases), whose changes were all slight and did not clinically cause any problem. Therefore, TMFX was concluded to be highly useful in the treatment of ABP and CBP. The criteria for clinical evaluation on bacterial prostatitis were re-examined. Concerning the treatment period, comparison of the evaluation at Day 7 with that at Day 14 in ABP revealed that the efficacy was evaluable at Day 7. In the same way, comparison of the evaluation at Day 14 with that at Day 28 in CBP revealed that the efficacy was evaluable at Day 14. Concerning the pathogens, in ABP, the major pathogens were considered to be GNR as well as E. coli. On the other hand, in CBP, GNR and E. faecalis, that were generally authorized to be pathogens, were detected in less than half of the patients, and CNS were detected in the other patients. Among the CNS cases, there were some cases that showed no relationship between improvement of clinical symptoms and bacterial response. Therefore, it is necessary to perform further studies on this matter. In conclusion, regarding the criteria for clinical evaluation on bacterial prostatitis proposed by the Japanese UTI committee, the treatment period for evaluation of efficacy was appropriate, and it is necessary to perform further studies in order to determine the pathogens in bacterial prostatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Genetic diagnoses of Chlamydia trachomatis--DNA probe and PCR method].

Chlamydial infections such as male urethritis or female cervicitis, although not receiving as much attention as the AIDS epidemic, are on the increase around the world as sexually-transmitted diseases (STD). A number of diagnostic methods i.e., direct fluorescence antibody method and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) methods, have been developed for detecting Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) infection, but they each have a defect in terms of sensitivity or specificity. Then, to overcome these disadvantages, the genetic diagnostic method such as DNA-RNA hybridization (DNA probe) method, PCR method and LCR method have been clinically introduced. In in vitro studies, the PCR method has higher sensitivity than the EIA method or DNA probe method. All genetic diagnostic methods have specificity superior over the EIA method. In clinical studies, the PCR method was the most useful for detection of C. trachomatis from various infectious lesions.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMed1994

[The current epidemics of nosocomial infection in the field of surgery].

We studied retrospectively the hospital acquired MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in patients of surgery field. The causative bacteria of nosocomial infections were mainly MRSA and P. aeruginosa. MRSA was mainly cross-infected via the route of medical staffs' hands. P. aeruginosa was mainly infected through indirect contact by wet hospital environment. Therefore, MRSA nosocomial infections can be prevented by washing and disinfecting hand, and disinfecting the dry regions of hospital environment around patients with MRSA infection. P. aeruginosa nosocomial infections can be prevented by washing and disinfecting hands, and disinfecting the wet regions of hospital environment. Urinary indwelling catheter must be aseptically managed for preventing the infection. These various preventive measures controlled the nosocomial infection by MRSA or P. aeruginosa.

Catheters, Indwelling↗
PubMed1993

cDNA structure, expression and nucleic acid-binding properties of three RNA-binding proteins in tobacco: occurrence of tissue-specific alternative splicing.

Three cDNAs encoding RNA-binding proteins were isolated from a tobacco (Nicotiana sylvestris) cDNA library. The predicted proteins (RGP-1) are homologous to each other and consist of a consensus-sequence type RNA-binding domain of 80 amino acids in the N-terminal half and a glycine-rich domain of 61-78 amino acids in the C-terminal half. Nucleic acid-binding assay using the in vitro synthesized RGP-1 protein confirmed that it is an RNA-binding protein. Based on its strong affinity for poly(G) and poly(U), the RGP-1 proteins are suggested to bind specifically to G and/or U rich sequences. All three genes are expressed in leaves, roots, flowers and cultured cells, however, the substantial amount of pre-mRNAs are accumulated especially in roots. Sequence analysis and ribonuclease protection assay indicated that significant amounts of alternatively spliced mRNAs, which are produced by differential selection of 5' splice sites, are also present in various tissues. Tissue-specific alternative splicing was found in two of the three genes. The alternatively spliced mRNAs are also detected in polysomal fractions and are suggested to produce truncated polypeptides. A possible role of this alternative splicing is discussed.

Alternative Splicing↗
PubMed1993

Structure-function relationship of human neutrophil collagenase: identification of regions responsible for substrate specificity and general proteinase activity.

The family of matrix metalloproteinases is a family of closely related enzymes that play an important role in physiological and pathological processes of matrix degradation. The most distinctive characteristic of interstitial collagenases (fibroblast and neutrophil collagenases) is their ability to cleave interstitial collagens at a single peptide bond; however, the precise region of the enzyme responsible for this substrate specificity remains to be defined. To address this question, we generated truncated mutants of neutrophil collagenase with various deletions in the COOH-terminal domain and chimeric molecules between neutrophil collagenase and stromelysin and assayed the expressed enzymes against type I collagen and the general substrate, casein. Our data suggest that substrate specificity for interstitial collagen is determined by a 16-aa sequence in the COOH-terminal domain of neutrophil collagenase and is influenced by the integrity of a disulfide-defined loop at the COOH terminus for maximal activity. It was found that a relatively large region of 62-aa residues influenced the relative efficiency of collagenolytic activity. In addition to the region that conferred this specificity, a site at the COOH side of the presumptive zinc-binding locus was found to be necessary for general catalytic activity. Mutation of a critical aspartic residue at position 253 within this area resulted in complete loss of proteolytic activity, suggesting that Asp-253 might function as one of the ligands for divalent cations, which are essential for enzymatic activity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Vision in stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity after retinal reattachment by open-sky vitrectomy.

Performing vitrectomy in stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity is controversial, partially due to limited anatomical and poor reported visual results. Fifty-five eyes of 50 patients whose retinas were reattached by open-sky vitrectomy in stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity and who were followed up for more than 12 months were analyzed retrospectively to ascertain clinical factors that may influence visual outcome. Vision was evaluated by preferential looking. Visual ability to discriminate stationary objects was obtained in 32 (58.2%) eyes, 18 (32.7%) had motion perception, and five (9.1%) had light stimulus perception. Although visual acuities were relatively low, they were useful to these patients. Age at the time of vitrectomy and the shape of the retinal detachment were found to be important factors in predicting visual prognosis.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1993

Retinal detachments in incontinentia pigmenti.

We report on retinal detachments in six eyes of four patients with incontinentia pigmenti. These nonrhegmatogenous traction retinal detachments are characterized by extensive preretinal and vitreous fibrous organization that pull the retina anteriorly behind the lens. The clinical course and fundus appearance of the retinal detachments, beginning with the avascular peripheral retina and leading to traction retinal detachment, are similar to those of cicatricial retinopathy of prematurity. Vitreous surgery was performed on three eyes (two patients), with partial reattachment of a total retinal detachment in one eye and complete reattachment of a partial retinal detachment in a second eye. These cases represent the first successful surgical interventions reported for retinal detachment in incontinentia pigmenti.

Child↗