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Biomedical subjects

T Hirata

Publications and source records attributed to T Hirata.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Localized painful giant-cell thyroiditis without inflammatory signs in a euthyroid patient followed by serial sonography.

We describe a patient with localized painful giant-cell thyroiditis. A 45-year-old woman noticed a tender lump in the left side of the neck. Sonography of the thyroid revealed diffuse swelling of the left lobe with irregular hypoechoic areas. Three months later, the tender swelling subsided, and the hypoechoic areas disappeared without any treatment. There were never any systemic signs of inflammation or thyroid dysfunction. Atypical localized subacute thyroiditis was considered to be the most probable diagnosis based on fine-needle aspiration cytology and serial sonography. Serial sonographic evaluations are useful to avoid unnecessary surgery.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidermoid cyst of an accessory spleen at the pancreatic tail: diagnostic value of MRI.

We report a rare case of an epidermoid cyst in an accessory spleen at the pancreatic tail. Only 12 cases have been reported. Among the different diagnostic modalities, magnetic resonance imaging was most useful for the differential diagnosis. Precise imaging of the cyst wall and its comparison with the surrounding organs are essential.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Impaired duodenal bicarbonate secretion in diabetic rats. Salutary effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor.

We previously reported the impaired HCO3- secretion and the increased mucosal susceptibility to acid in the duodenum of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In this study, we investigated the salutary effect of the NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester) on these changes and compared it with those of insulin. Animals were injected streptozotocin (STZ: 70 mg/kg, ip) and used after 1, 3-4, and 5-6 weeks of diabetes with blood glucose levels of > 300 mg/dL. Under urethane anesthesia the HCO3- secretion was measured in the proximal duodenal loop using a pH-stat method and by adding 10 mM HCl. L-NAME (20 mg/kg x 2) or insulin (4 units/rat) was administered sc for 4-5 weeks, starting 1 week after STZ treatment. The duodenal HCO3- secretory responses to various stimuli such as mucosal acidification (10 mM HCl for 10 min), 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2: 10 micrograms/kg, i.v.), and vagal stimulation (0.5 mA, 2 ms, 3 Hz) were significantly decreased in STZ-treated rats, depending on the duration of diabetes. Repeated administration of L-NAME, starting from 1 week after STZ treatment, significantly reduced blood glucose levels toward normal values and restored the HCO3- responses to various stimuli in STZ rats, the effects being similar to those observed after supplementation of insulin. Diabetic rats developed duodenal lesions after perfusion of the duodenum with 150 mM HCl for 4 h, but this ulcerogenic response was significantly inhibited by the repeated treatment with L-NAME as well as insulin. We conclude that L-NAME is effective in ameliorating hyperglycemic conditions in STZ-diabetic rats, similar to insulin, and restores the impaired HCO3- secretion and the increased mucosal susceptibility to acid in diabetic rat duodenums.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in the adult.

A case is reported of a 55 year old male patient with primary hypertrophic pyloric stenosis who was subjected to distal gastrectomy. Adult hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is an uncommon condition which is usually misdiagnosed as carcinoma of the antrum. It is a benign disease resulting from hypertrophy of the circular fibres of the pyloric canal and is recognizable radiologically by narrowing and elongation of the pyloric canal and endoscopically by appearances resembling those of the cervix. This condition is probably congenital although aetiology has not been established. In the absence of symptoms, no clinical treatment is required. However, surgical intervention is advocated, when stenosis gives rise to symptoms, there is a suspicion of malignancy, or the ulceration due to the disease. Distal gastrectomy with gastroduodenostomy is the treatment of choice.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Suppression of postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome with clarithromycin following lung cancer surgery.

We examined whether clarithromycin (CAM), a 14-membered macrolide, can control the postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome that occurs following lung cancer surgery. In the control group (n = 16), prophylactic antibiotics (flomoxef) were administered for 4-7 days following surgery. In the CAM group (n = 10), 400 mg/day of CAM were administered orally for 14 days prior to surgery and for 7 days following surgery, in addition to the postoperative administration of flomoxef. The incidence and duration of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome in the CAM group (30%, 0.3 days) were significantly lower than those in the control group (81%, 1.6 days). There were no significant differences between the control and CAM groups in both the amount and frequency of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs following surgery. In conclusion, our study suggests that CAM may suppress the postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome in lung cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biologically active constituents of leaves and roots of Aloe arborescens var. natalensis.

Several biologically active substances, such as aloenin (1), magnesium lactate, aloe-emodin (4), barbaloin (5), and succinic acid, were found to be contained in the leaf juice of Aloe arborescens Mill. var. natalensis Berger, which has widely been used in domestic medicines. Aloenin (1) and magnesium lactate were elucidated to exhibit an inhibitory action on the gastric juice secretion of rats. Various constituents other than the above bioactive substances were found in the leaves and the roots of the plant.

Aloe↗