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Biomedical subjects

T Hirashima

Publications and source records attributed to T Hirashima.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Endoscopic treatment of early gastric cancer: polypectomy and laser treatment.

With the tremendous development of gastroenterological endoscopy, it has become possible to treat some types of early gastric cancer by endoscopy. There are two principal methods for this purpose, endoscopic polypectomy using a high frequency electric current and laser endoscopy. We developed the technic and instruments of endoscopic polypectomy, in 1972. Since then, we have experienced 358 cases of gastric polypoid lesions treated by endoscopic polypectomy. Nineteen patients with the elevated type of early gastric cancer were treated by endoscopic polypectomy. Seven patients were operated on after polypectomy and 12 were followed without surgery. Out of the 12 patients, nine are alive after more than five years. On the other hand, we started research to apply lasers for treating early gastric cancer in 1978. Since then, 18 patients have been treated by laser endoscopy, with Nd-YAG laser, argon dye laser or a combination of both lasers. We have established criteria for these treatments for early gastric cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Pull-through esophagectomy without thoracotomy.

Twenty patients with carcinoma of the hypopharynx, esophagus and thyroid underwent pull-through esophagectomy. Seventeen of them received combined resection of the larynx and trachea. Dissection of the lymph nodes at the upper mediastinum was performed in 11 patients by sternotomy. Seven patients received mediastinal tracheostomy after combined resection of the trachea and the larynx. Pull-through esophagectomy was followed by pharyngogastrostomy without thoracotomy via the posterior mediastinum. This technique is described in detail. Because there is no thoracotomy and ligation of the esophageal vessels is ensured, no pulmonary complications and no massive mediastinal hemorrhages occurred. There were no operative deaths. This operation offers excellent palliation and little morbidity. Moreover, the use of sternotomy and mediastinal tracheostomy for pull-through esophagectomy made it possible to dissect the upper mediastinal lymph nodes, and we could resect the affected trachea with certainty.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

An evaluation of the mediastinal lymphoscintigram for carcinoma of the esophagus studied with 99mTc rhenium sulfur colloid.

Lymphoscintigraphies of esophageal carcinoma in nine patients were studied with the aid of 99mTc-labeled rhenium sulfur colloid (99mTc-Re). 99mTc-Re was injected into the submucosal layer of the esophagus (just above the oral side of the tumor) using an esophagoscope, 1 or 2 days before operation. Lymphoscintigraphies at intervals of 1, 3 and 20 h after the injection were performed. After that, the region and the number of the visualized (hot) nodes were assessed. After the operation the lymph nodes were dissected and the hot nodes were determined by scintiphotography. The dissected nodes were then studied histologically. A total of 106 nodes were removed from the mediastinum of nine patients. Histologically, metastases were found in 12 of 106 nodes. Twenty six of 106 (24.5%) could be observed visually on the scintigram and 80 (75.5%) could not. Among the visualized (hot) nodes, 34.6% were positive for metastasis. On the other hand, among the nonvisualized, so-called cold, nodes, only 3.8% were positive for metastasis. Hot nodes of the esophagus indicate a high percentage probability of metastatic nodes.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

A new stapling technique in esophageal mucosal transection.

Transabdominal esophageal mucosal transection for control of bleeding esophageal varices has been used in our clinic since 1972. The most difficult part in this procedure is the reanastomosis of the transected mucosal tube. To facilitate this procedure, end-to-end anastomosis (EEA) stapling instrument has been in use since July, 1980. Thirteen patients have so far undergone this procedure and there have been no complications. The technique of anastomosis of the mucosal tube is described herein.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMed1980

Chemotherapeutic study on canine gastric cancer induced by N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.

Studies were made on the chemotherapy of gastric cancer in dogs induced by N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG). Four male Beagle dogs were given a solution of ENNG at 100 approximately 150 microgram/ml with or without 0.4% Tween 60 to drink for 5 approximately 8 months. They all developed gastric adenocarcinomas, which were confirmed by histological examination of biopsy specimens taken in months 13 approximately 32 of the experiment. After confirming the presence of gastric cancer, 1-n-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil (HCFU), a derivative of 5-fluorouracil, was given to the dogs orally as capsules at a daily dose of 5 or 10 mg/kg body weight. One dog died from adverse effects of HCFU 12 days after the beginning of chemotherapy. The other 3 dogs were treated with CHFU for 82 approximately 424 days. In these dogs, the tumor size, measured by X-ray examination, increased during chemotherapy. On autopsy, the tumors in the stomach were found to be restricted to the antrum, and metastases of the gastric adenocarcinomas to the regional lymph nodes and/or liver were found in 2 dogs. No degenerative changes of tumor cells were found in the stomach or metastasized organs, except for necrosis of cells in a perigastric regional lymph node of the dog. The value of using canine gastric cancer in studies on chemotherapy is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Changes in circulating L-thyroxine and L-triiodothyronine of the masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou accompaning the smoltification, measured by radioimmunoassay.

Serum levels of L-thyroxine (T4) and L-triiodothyronine (T3) of the masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou, were measured by radioimmunoassay during the months from March to September. Serum levels of T4 and T3 varied from 0.06 to 1.44 microgram and from 0.06 to 0.35 microgram per 100 ml serum respectively, although T4 content could not be detected in some specimens. T4 levels showed a seasonal fluctuation in which a higher value was observed in April when parr-smolt transformation was proceeding. T4 level in spring, particularly in April and June, was significantly higher in smolt than in parr. T3 content showed a small variation during the observed months and did not increase at smoltification, although the content tended to decrease to a minimum level in September when T4 level showed also the lowest level.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Results of esophagocardioplasty with gastric patch in the treatment of esophageal achalasia.

Since 1968 esophagocardioplasty with gastric patch was employed in 57 patients as a primary operation for achalasia of the esophagus and eight patients with previous operations for achalasia. Satisfactory results were obtained in follow-up studies up to eight years. The results indicate that this procedure is successful in dilating the lower part of the esophagus and esophagocardiac junction without interfering with their proper functions. This provides better passage through the junction with preservation of the mechanism which prevents reflux.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Transabdominal mucosal transection of the esophagus for the treatment of esophageal varices.

Transabdominal mucosal transection of the esophagus was applied to 20 patients with esophageal varices. The operative procedure involves a longitudinal incision of the muscular layers which follows transection and reanastomosis of the denuded mucosa. With the preservation the muscular structure, postoperative complications such as anastomotic leakage, stenosis or regurgitation, have been minimized. The effect of this procedure on the varices proved satisfactory.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1974

Esophagocardioplasty with gastric patch in the treatment of achalasia.

Result of operative treatment in 196 cases of achalasia was reviewed. The procedures employed include cardiolysis, Heller's extramucosal myotomy, Wendel's cardioplasty, Heyrovsky's esophagocardiostomy, with and without pyloroplasty, cardiac resection and esophagocardioplasty with gastric patch. Follow-up study on 166 cases revealed that the result was classified as good in 99 cases or 59.6 per cent and improved in 46 cases or 27.7 per cent. Overall satisfactory result was obtained in 87.3 per cent. When the result was broken down to groups following three classifications, i.e. according to X-ray, endoscopic and manometric findings, the interesting correlation emerged. Heller's myotomy and esophagocardioplasty with gastric patch gave best results in early stage of achalasia, while in later stage the latter procedure seems to be the operation of choice.

Cardia↗