Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Hirao

Publications and source records attributed to T Hirao.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Effects of intravenous infusion of 5-FU and intraperitoneal injection of low-dose CDDP on 3 cases with ascites owing to peritonitis carcinomatosa of postoperative gastric carcinoma and debility].

We examined the effects of intravenous infusion of 5-FU and intraperitoneal injection of low-dose CDDP on 3 cases with ascites owing to peritonitis carcinomatosa of postoperative gastric carcinoma and debility. Intravenous infusion of 5-FU (250-1,000 mg/body) and intraperitoneal injection of CDDP (20-25 mg/body) carried out for 2-5 days. As a result, QOL of 3 cases was fairly improved. The PS (Performance Status) of 2 cases improved from Grade 4 to 2, and another one improved from Grade 4 to 3. Adverse effects of Grade 1 according to the WHO criteria were observed in 1 case (leukocytopenia and diarrhea). This palliative chemotherapy method appeared to be safe and effective for ascites due to peritonitis carcinomatosa of postoperative gastric carcinoma and debility.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[A case of locally advanced breast cancer successfully treated with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy of high-dose epirubicin].

A case of locally advanced breast cancer was treated with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy using high-dose epirubicin. The 1st and 2nd cycle consisted of 210 mg (day 1, 4, 7) and 150 mg (day 1, 4, 7), respectively. After completion of 2 cycles of the regimen, remarkable loco-regional control and improved QOL were obtained. Leucopenia (nadir; 1,000/mm3) was the dose limiting factor, but well-tolerated with supportive therapy. The patient underwent salvage surgery and maintenance intra-venous chemotherapy (epirubicin; 30 mg/3 weeks). At this writing, the patient is enjoying favorable QOL. These findings suggested that this modality was effective for cases with exctensive loco-regional involvement.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1997

Radical esophagogastrectomy for unshuntable extrahepatic portal hypertension with bleeding varices: report of a case.

A 29-year-old woman with idiopathic portal hypertension was referred to our department for the surgical management of repetitive bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices. At the age of 16 years she had undergone a splenectomy with esophageal transection followed by endoscopic sclerotherapy which had been performed a total of 24 times. Although vericeal hemorrhage was prevented for several months, bleeding from gastric varices and portal hypertensive gastropathy was not able to be controlled readily by endoscopic sclerotherapy from when she was 26 years old. On admission, angiographic studies showed a complete obstruction of the portal vein; however, a portosystemic shunt operation was not able to be performed due to her previous splenectomy. To control her repetitive bleeding, we decided to perform a total gastrectomy and distal esophagectomy with reconstruction by a Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy. Her postoperative course was uneventful, and no episodes of recurrent bleeding or other complications have developed, indicating that her quality of life has dramatically improved. Thus, we conclude that distal esophagectomy and total gastrectomy constitute an effective surgical treatment for unshuntable extrahepatic portal hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Characterization of an interleukin 1 receptor antagonist protein released from ultraviolet-irradiated epidermal sheet.

An interleukin 1 (IL-1) inhibitor was detected in the culture supernatant of mouse epidermal sheet which had been irradiated with middle-wavelength ultraviolet (UVB) either in vitro or in vivo. Properties of the IL-1 inhibitor were consistent with those of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), i.e., approximate molecular size of 17 kDa by gel filtration, specific inhibition of IL-1-induced thymocyte proliferation, inhibition of binding of IL-1 to IL-1 receptor on the T-cell surface, and reactivity to anti-mouse IL-1ra antibody shown by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These results indicate that this IL-1 inhibitor, which appears to be identical with IL-1ra, was released from the epidermis upon UVB irradiation, and that the inhibitor may participate in the regulation of inflammation mediated by IL-1, as well as in the pathogenesis of ultraviolet (UV)-induced immunosuppression.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Recovery of macromolecular activators of phagocytosis from platelets (MAPP) producing and releasing function in stored human platelets.

Macromolecular activators of phagocytosis from platelets (MAPP) were not released from platelets prepared from platelet concentrates (PC) obtained after anticoagulation with CPD solution and stored for more than 48 h. The MAPP activity which had escaped into the plasma disappeared after 72 h of storage. After incubation in dialyzed and Ca(2+)-supplemented plasma prepared from the same PC or from fresh peripheral blood, the platelets obtained after storage for 72 h released both MAPP (l-MAPP and s-MAPP) upon thrombin stimulation. Gel filtration studies of the plasma revealed that l-MAPP and s-MAPP were produced from the platelets incubated in plasma fractions corresponding to l-MAPP and s-MAPP, respectively. These observations suggest that platelets accumulate precursors of MAPP, pre-MAPP comprising pre-l-MAPP and pre-s-MAPP, in the presence of Ca2+, and produce and release MAPP when stimulated with thrombin.

Biological Factors↗
PubMed1996

Elevation of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in the stratum corneum of sun-exposed and ultraviolet B-irradiated human skin.

Keratinocytes produce not only interleukin 1 (IL-1) but also IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), a competitive inhibitor of IL-1. Because little is known about the presence of IL-1ra in the stratum corneum, we examined the content of IL-1ra in the stratum corneum, especially the balance between IL-1 and IL-1ra. IL-1 alpha and IL-1ra, but not IL-1 beta, were detected in the tape-stripped stratum corneum of healthy volunteers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. IL-1 alpha and IL-1ra were bioactive as determined by thymocyte co-stimulation assay, and their molecular masses were 17 and 20 kDa, respectively, suggesting that the stratum corneum contains active forms of IL-1 alpha and IL-1ra produced by keratinocytes. The stratum corneum of an unexposed area, the inner side of the upper arm. contained more IL-1 alpha than a sun-exposed area, the face. In contrast, the stratum corneum of the sun-exposed area contained a markedly higher amount of IL-1ra than that of the unexposed area. The ratio of IL-1ra to IL-1 alpha was 8 in the unexposed area, and over 100 in the sun-exposed area. Therefore, IL-1 alpha activity was dominant in the unexposed area, and in contrast, IL-1ra activity was dominant in the sun-exposed area. An elevated level of IL-1ra was detected in the stratum corneum of the sun-exposed area independently of age. In the unexposed area, however, IL-1a increased, but IL-1ra decreased, with age, resulting in a significant decline of the ratio of IL-1ra to IL-1a with increasing age. Irradiation of 2 MED of ultraviolet B to the back skin, an unexposed area, resulted in striking elevation of IL-1ra in the stratum corneum in desquamating scales. These data suggest that IL-1ra in the epidermis may be inducible by chronic UV irradiation, although IL-1ra production in the epidermis may decrease with aging in the absence of any stimulus. IL-1ra in the epidermis may play a role in the regulation of IL-1-induced inflammatory responses, and an appropriate balance between IL-1 and IL-1ra may help to maintain homeostasis of the skin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Adjuvant-induced persistent photosensitivity models in guinea pigs. I. Induction of persistent photosensitivity.

Induction of persistent photosensitivity in guinea pigs was carried out in an attempt to induce a model suitable to clarify the mechanism of human persistent light reactors. Guinea pigs were treated with intradermal injection of adjuvant which consisted of desiccated Mycobacteria followed by topical application of hapten solution and irradiation with UVA. Unequivocal skin reactions were subsequently elicited with UVA exposure in the absence of hapten application. This enhanced UVA reactivity persisted and could be elicited for more than 2 years. In these guinea pigs, remarkably increased sensitivity to UVB was also observed. These animals appear quite similar to persistent light reactors among humans. Muramyl dipeptide used in place of Mycobacteria was also found to be effective in inducing photosensitivity to UVA. There were great differences of reactivity noted among different strains of guinea pig, suggesting that persistent photosensitivity is influenced by genetic background. Enhanced UV sensitivity was induced without hapten application, only with injections of adjuvant and UVA irradiation in the immunization procedure. These results suggest that this model will be useful to study chronic actinic dermatitis.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1994

Expression of glutathione S-transferase-pi in human ovarian cancer as an indicator of resistance to chemotherapy.

Expression of glutathione S-transferase-pi (GST-pi) was examined immunohistochemically in relation to the response to chemotherapy with cisplatin in 61 patients with primary ovarian cancer who had not received any chemotherapy before surgery. GST-pi were detected in the cancer tissues of 33 patients (54.1%). Of 28 clinically measurable lesions after surgery, 10 of the 11 tumors (90.9%) showing positive GST-pi staining were drug resistant (no change or progressive disease), whereas 6 of the 17 tumors (35.3%) showing negative staining were drug resistant. This difference in the response rates of the two groups was significant (P < 0.005). The survival period of patients with GST-pi-positive tumors was also significantly shorter than that of those with GST-pi-negative tumors (P < 0.005). These data strongly suggest that GST-pi expression in tumor cells is related to drug resistance of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and is a useful marker of a poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A quantitative approach to the loss of heterozygosity in p53 allele on detection of human cervical cancer using a BioImaging Analyzer.

The presence of HPV16 and HPV18 is believed to be responsible for the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer. As not all HPV-infected patients proceed consistently to carcinoma of the uterine cervix, it is important to clarify at the genetic level the mechanism of the disease progression following HPV infection. We recently investigated the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in p53 gene, using the quantitative Southern hybridization-incorporated Imaging Plate method with a p53 cDNA probe. According to the detection of heterozygote in p53 allele, 11 (61.1%) out of 18 patients with cervical cancer, and 4 out of 11 heterozygotes cases (36.4%) exhibited a loss of heterozygosity in p53 allele. It could be suggested that the occurrence of LOH is produced through chromosomal alteration in the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

High expression rate of Tn antigen in metastatic lesions of uterine cervical cancers.

The significance of altered expression of MN blood group antigens was examined by studies on the expressions of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (T antigen) and Tn antigen in primary and metastatic lesions of 29 human uterine cervical cancers. These antigens were measured by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase (ABC) method with peanut agglutinin (PNA) lectin for T antigen and Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA) lectin for Tn antigen. Proportion of cancer cells expressing Tn antigen was higher in the metastatic lesions than in the primary tumors in 10 of the 29 cases, less in the metastasis than in the primary tumor in one case, and similar in the primary and metastatic lesions in the other 18 cases. Reaction for Tn antigen was positive in 24 (82.8%) of the 29 metastases, and in 17 (58.5%) of the 29 primary lesions. Thus, the rate of Tn antigen expression was significantly higher in the metastases than in the primary lesions (P < 0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the immunoreactivities of T antigen in metastases and primary tumors. These findings support our previous suggestion that expression of Tn antigen is closely related to the metastasis to regional lymph nodes and may reflect an important role of this carbohydrate in the process of metastasis of cervical cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Tn antigen, a marker of potential for metastasis of uterine cervix cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: The expressions of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (T-Ag) and Tn antigen (Tn-Ag), precursors of MN blood group antigens, were examined in the tissues of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix from 111 patients to determine their clinicopathologic significance with regard to the biologic behaviors of cancer cells and the clinical course of the patients. METHODS: T-Ag and Tn-Ag were measured by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase (ABC) method with peanut (Arachis hypogaea) lectin (PNA) and Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA), respectively. RESULTS: Unlike expression of T-Ag, that of Tn-Ag was correlated closely with vascular permeation of cancer cells, their parametrial spread and metastasis to the pelvic lymph nodes, and also with a low 5-year survival rate. No correlation was found between expression of Tn-Ag and other parameters, such as the clinical stage or histologic type. Furthermore, Tn-Ag expression was independent of the degree of cancer involvement in the fibromuscular stroma of the cervix, which seems to be a marker of the aggressiveness of cancer cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that Tn-Ag expression is a useful indicator of the potential for metastatic potential of cancer cells. Thus, a combination of estimations of the degree of cancer involvement in the cervical stroma and Tn-Ag expression seems the most useful for predicting the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1991

Exercise-induced urinary excretion of leukotriene E4 in children with atopic asthma.

Urinary levels of leukotriene (LT) E4, a stable end-product of LTC4 and LTD4, were measured before and after exercise in 10 children with severe asthma and seven children with moderate asthma using HPLC and RIA to clarify the relationship of LT to the severity of asthma and to the degree of bronchospasm in exercise-induced asthma. The urinary LTE4 level significantly increased after exercise in the severe asthma group, but not in the moderate asthma group (14.3 +/- 14.5 to 24.3 +/- 20.6 versus 19.6 +/- 12.3 to 17.6 +/- 10.8 ng/mmol creatinine, p less than 0.05). The urinary LTE4 level increased in 10 patients (eight with severe asthma), and it decreased in seven patients (five with moderate asthma). A significant difference in the degree of bronchospasm after exercise (as shown by the maximal % fall in the peak expiratory flow rate), was seen when patients with increased urinary LTE4 excretion were compared with those with decreased excretion (60.4 +/- 17.3 versus 24.1 +/- 14.3%, p less than 0.01). Our findings suggest that exercise-induced asthma, or at least a subtype of exercise-induced asthma, may partly develop through the release of LTC4.

Asthma, Exercise-Induced↗
PubMed1991

Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus specific IgM antibody and its complement activation in children with bronchial asthma.

Western blotting analysis and ELISA were used to examine Dp specific IgM abs in the sera and sputa of bronchial asthmatic and non-atopic children. With Western blotting Dp specific IgM abs were detected binding diffusely to high molecular weight (greater than 65 kD) components of Dp extracts and from the intensities of the staining of the sera the asthmatic children were divided into two groups: an intensive staining and a faint staining group. The non-atopic children showed still fainter staining than the latter group. ELISA titers of Dp specific IgM abs in the intensive staining group were significantly higher than in the faint staining group and the non-atopic children (p less than 0.01). Dp specific IgM abs in sputa were also detected more intensively in asthma than in non-atopy by Western blotting. The hemolytic complement activities of the fresh sera were consumed when they were incubated with Dp extracts at 37 degrees C. The degree of consumption was significantly higher in the intensive staining group than in the faint staining group and the non-atopic children (p less than 0.05). High molecular weight fractions of Dp extracts were responsible for this complement inactivation. From these results we suspected that Dp specific IgM abs might react with high molecular weight components of Dp to induce complement activation by the classical pathway and might cause chronic inflammatory changes in the respiratory mucosa. This chronic inflammation might emphasize IgE mediated asthmatic reactions to cause late phase reactions or chronic asthma.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Relationship between human papillomavirus and oncogenes (c-myc, N-myc) amplification in human cervical cancers].

The human papillomavirus detection and oncogenes amplifications were studied on DNAs from fifteen cervical cancers. We detected HPV16 and HPV18 using Southern blot hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The positive subjects of HPVs were eight cases (53%) observed by Southern blot hybridization and fourteen cases (93%) by PCR technique. The gene amplifications of oncogenes (c-myc and N-myc) were analysed by slot-blot method and were observed in c-myc but not in N-myc. The "LARGE" gene amplification (more than five fold) in c-myc was observed in one case (7%) and the "SMALL" gene amplifications (less than five fold) were observed in six cases (40%) in human cervical cancers. Although one of five cases (20%) with HPV16 was present c-myc gene amplification, all of three cases (100%) with HPV18 were found c-myc gene amplifications. In two out of three cases obtained more than three fold c-myc gene amplifications, HPV were not detectable. It is suggested that the negative correlation between gene amplification and numbers of HPV copies exist in advanced cervical cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Solvent effects on the cooperative order-disorder transition of aqueous solutions of schizophyllan, a triple-helical polysaccharide.

A triple helical polysaccharide schizophyllan in aqueous solution exhibited a highly cooperative transition between ordered and disordered states associated with the conformation of its side chains and nearby water molecules. The transition was followed by optical rotation and calorimetry using water containing additives such as NaOH and DMSO as solvents. The ordered state was stabilized or destabilized depending on the kind and amount of the additive employed; in particular, the addition of DMSO had a remarkable stabilizing effect. This effect was analyzed by means of a statistical mechanical theory of linear cooperative transitions, where DMSO was assumed to interact favorably with the ordered side chains. A small amount of NaOH in a solvent mixture stabilized the ordered state and made the transition curve very gradual. No molecular mechanism was elucidated to account for the role of NaOH.

Calorimetry↗