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Biomedical subjects

T Higashi

Publications and source records attributed to T Higashi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Gastric ulcer healing and basic fibroblast growth factor: effects of lansoprazole and famotidine.

We examined the effects of lansoprazole and famotidine on gastric basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) levels and ulcer healing in patients with gastric ulcer. Sixteen patients with active gastric ulcer were divided into two groups and received treatment with lansoprazole 30 mg/day or famotidine 40 mg/day. They were examined endoscopically at 2, 4, and 8 weeks to measure gastric bFGF levels at the ulcer margin and to assess ulcer healing. Helicobacter pylori infection was determined by a rapid urease test. The two groups were comparable with regard to age, male:female ratio, H. pylori infection rates, and bFGF levels. During treatment, bFGF levels did not change significantly in the famotidine group, whereas they increased by a factor of 2.2 to 2.6 in the lansoprazole group. Cumulative healing rates were also significantly lower in the famotidine group than in the lansoprazole group. These results indicate that lansoprazole increases tissue bFGF levels and promotes gastric ulcer healing in humans.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1995

Effect of BQ123 on vasoconstriction as a result of either hypoxia or endothelin-1 in perfused rat lungs.

A possible role of endothelin (ET)-1 in mediating hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) was examined by comparing haemodynamic differences between ET-1-induced vasoconstriction and HPV in isolated perfused rat lungs. An ETA receptor antagonist (BQ123) was also employed to assess the effects of ET-1. The pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa) was significantly increased by alveolar hypoxia (3% O2) and by ET-1 (5 nM). The pulmonary microvascular pressure was not changed by hypoxia, but increased more than two-fold by ET-1 (P < 0.01). Hypoxia significantly increased pulmonary arterial resistance (P < 0.01) while ET-1 significantly increased pulmonary venous resistance (P < 0.01), and slightly increased arterial resistance. Lung weight was increased by ET-1 and decreased by hypoxia, accompanied by similar Ppa responses in both cases. BQ123 (10(-6) M and 10(-5) M) did not influence the changes in Ppa and lung weight induced by hypoxia or angiotensin II (0.3 micrograms). BQ123 did, however, suppress (P < 0.05) the increase in Ppa and lung weight induced by 5 nM ET-1. Thus, it appears unlikely that ET-1 is involved in changes in pulmonary vascular tone during acute HPV.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A case of gas-containing liver abscess with multiple metastatic lesions].

A 63-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of high fever and delirium. He had been diagnosed as diabetes mellitus five years before but not treated at all. An abdominal CT scan showed gas-containing abscess in the right lobe of the liver. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacteroides distasonis were cultured both from the punctured specimen of the abscess and from arterial blood. Catheter drainage was carried out percutaneously under guidance with ultrasonography and antibiotics was administered intravenously. He was diagnosed as purulent meningitis by lumbar puncture on admission and as endophthalmitis because of swelling of the left eyeball on hospital day 4. CT scan also showed multiple metastatic lesions in the cerebrum and in the lung. After three months, he was discharged from the hospital in good condition, except for loss of vision of the left eye.

Bacterial Translocation↗
PubMed1995

In-vitro Biological Study to Evaluate the Toxic Potentials of Fibrous Materials.

The potential toxicities of fibrous materials were investigated by measuring the levels of cytokines as well as cytoplasmic and lysosomal enzymes released from alveolar macrophages (AMs) in vitro. Five man-made mineral fibers (ceramic, glass, potassium octatitanate, and two magnesium sulfate whiskers), as well as five natural mineral fibers (UICC chrysotile, crocidolite, amosite, anthophylite, and Turkish erionite) were tested. Basic fiber characteristics, including fiber size, surface area, number, and solubility, were also measured. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and beta-glucuronidase (BGU) release from AMs exposed to potassium octatitanate, magnesium sulfate whiskers, and ceramic fiber correlated with pathologic changes in the lung according to inhalation studies. The solubility of the man-made mineral fibers also correlated with the half-life of clearance in an in-vivo study. The results suggest that measured values of TNF production, LDH and BGU release in vitro, and fiber solubility combined are a good indicator of the pathogenic potential of fibers in vivo.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

The phylogeny of Williopsis salicorniae Hinzelin, Kurtzman et Smith based on the partial sequences of 18S and 26S ribosomal RNAs (Saccharomycetaceae)

Williopsis salicorniae IFO 10733 (type strain), which is characterized by the formation of saturn-shaped ascospores, by the incapability of assimilating nitrate, and by a lower DNA base composition (36.7 mol% G + C), was examined for its partial base sequences of 18S and 26S rRNAs. In the 18S rRNA partial base sequencings, it had an identical base sequence with the type strain of Ogataea glucozyma (identical to Pichia glucozyma, identical to Hansenula glucozyma), which produces hat-shaped ascospores and has the ability to assimilate nitrate and methanol and a higher DNA base composition (45.1 mol% G + C). In the 26S rRNA partial base sequencings, the base differences were four, and the percent similarity was 87 between the type strains of the two species. The data obtained are discussed phylogenetically and taxonomically.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Immunohistochemical studies of PIVKA-II in hepatocellular carcinoma by indirect immunofluorescence.

Tissue PIVKA-II was examined in 32 hepatocellular carcinomas and 2 metastatic liver tumors using indirect immunofluorescence, and the results were compared with the size, histological grading and serum PIVKA-II level. The specificity of this method was confirmed by the disappearance of reactivity in PLC/PRF/5 cells after the addition of vitamin K to the culture medium. Positive PIVKA-II staining was observed as a clustered or a single cell pattern only in the HCC nodules, but not in the surrounding cirrhotic tissue. PIVKA-II staining was observed in all HCC groups regardless of histological grade. There was no relationship between PIVKA-II staining and the size of HCC. PIVKA-II was detected immunohistochemically even in small HCC of patients whose plasma PIVKA-II levels were below the detection limit. These results suggest that PIVKA-II production is a specific phenotype of HCC regardless of its histological grading and demonstrate that this immunofluorescent PIVKA-II staining is more sensitive and useful than plasma PIVKA-II assay for the diagnosis of HCC.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1995

The effect of ultrasonic irrigation before and after citric acid treatment on collagen fibril exposure: an in vitro SEM study.

The surface characteristics of periodontally diseased human teeth after two treatments were compared both before and after partial demineralization with citric acid. Thirteen teeth were obtained from patients with advanced periodontal disease. Three teeth were selected for control groups and 10 were used for experimental groups. All diseased root surfaces were identified and outlined. The roots were cut longitudinally into two sections. They were then scaled and root planed and the paired sections were separately classified into two control or two experimental groups. Three sections in control group 1 were rinsed by syringe with saline solution. The three sections in control group 2 were treated with ultrasonic irrigation. The 10 sections in experimental group 1 were rinsed by syringe with saline solution before and after citric acid application; the 10 sections in experimental group 2 were irrigated ultrasonically before and after citric acid application. The concentration of the citric acid was 25% (pH 1.62) and the immersion time was 3 minutes. The root samples were examined by scanning electron microscope. A significant amount of grinding debris covered on all the root surfaces in control group 1, whereas smear was removed in control group 2. The features of root surfaces of the two experimental groups differed considerably. All specimens in experimental group 2 exhibited collagen fibrils exposed as a consequence of citric acid etching. On the other hand, the smear layer was not thoroughly removed from the root surface in experimental group 1, which meant that few collagen fibrils were exposed after partial demineralization. From these results, ultrasonic irrigation before and after citric acid application improves exposure of collagen fibrils, which may be desirable for clinical success in periodontal regenerative therapy.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1995

Collagen formation at the tooth-cell interface: comparative ultrastructural study on the effect of partial demineralization of cementum with dentin.

In order to compare the effect of partial demineralization with root planing and partial demineralization of cementum with that of dentin on healing, the ultrastructural morphology of the interface between the layer of human periodontal ligament-derived, fibroblast-like cells (HPF) and the treated root surface was studied in an in vitro culture system. Sixty (60) pairs made from transversally-cut root slices, 500 microns thick, were obtained from extracted human periodontally diseased teeth. Thirty (30) pairs of the root slices were preliminarily root planed (RP). The remaining half were root planed and then partially demineralized in a solution of citric acid (RP+CA). The opposite surface of paired slices was made uniform by using either cementum or dentin. Consequently, all root slices were classified into four experimental groups: RP-cementum and RP-cementum pairs (group 1), RP-dentin and RP-dentin pairs (group 2), RP+CA-cementum and RP+CA-cementum pairs (group 3), and RP+CA-dentin and RP+CA-dentin pairs (group 4). Each pair of root slices was placed on the floor of a 35-mm culture dish. HPF were seeded at a concentration of 4 x 10(5) cells/dish. Co-cultures of HPF and the root slices were examined using phase contrast and electron microscope after 4, 6, and 10 weeks. Electron-dense material covered non-demineralized root surfaces and the lining cells in accumulating cell layers were oriented parallel to the root surface and attached to the material in groups 1 and 2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1995

Retrospective analysis of the multidisciplinary treatment for 534 hepatocellular carcinoma patients over a 12-year period.

Multidisciplinary treatments for 534 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over a 12-year period from 1981 to 1992 were retrospectively studied. Cumulative survival curve of all patients showed a fine hyperbolic curve, and 1-year, 3-year-, 5-year survivals were 66, 33, and 18%, respectively. Survival of female patients was better than male patients, and survival of HBsAg-negative patients was better than that of HBsAg-positive patients. Several background factors such as the Child-Pugh classification, liver function tests or factors, number of tumors, and the size of the main tumor were analyzed, and each factor was related to survival. Survival curves of 3 treatments, hepatectomy, percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), and transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE)+PEI, overlapped to a large degree. Also the survival curve of the more recent 6-year period from 1987 to 1992 was better than that of the earlier 6-year period from 1981 to 1986.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[MR angiography in the evaluation of endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophago-gastric varices].

We evaluated the utility of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for the detection of esophago-gastric varices and assessment of their therapeutic response to endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS). MRA was performed in a total of 12 patients with esophago (E)-gastric (G) varices (V) (9 EV and 3 GV patients) both before and two-weeks after EIS. 25-35 horizontal images were obtained during single breath holding and data were reconstructed by using the two dimension time of flight method. MRA detected varicose lesions in all GV patients and in 7 of 8 EV patients of the grades F2 or higher. Varicose lesion in grade F1 EV patients were initially undetectable before EIS but became evident on MRA after EIS. The portal collaterals were equally well displayed by MRA and the superior mesenteric arteriography at its portogram phase. MRA and endoscopy were concordant for the disappearance or persistence of varicose lesions after EIS. We conclude that MRA is useful for the detection of esophago-gastric varices and other portal collaterals. MRA provides a non-invasive and workable technique in evaluation of patients with esophago-gastric varices undergoing EIS.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Three-dimensional longitudinal dissection view of hollow viscus].

To visualize the pathologies of hollow viscus and their extension three-dimensionally, volume data of the larynx, trachea, stomach, rectum, and urinary bladder were obtained using helical CT with moderately thin slices. Longitudinal cut sections were made as in a simulated surgical cut, and the interior morphology was displayed along with the pathology. A cylindrical projection profile was made by making a longitudinal incision on one wall and pulling apart the flaps to reveal the interior, providing better visual perception. The detailed outline from the 3D profile and the cylindrical projection views constituted an added advantage over the existing procedures.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

[Risk factors for pulmonary hypertensive crisis (PHC) following VSD repair in infants].

We examined 100 patients who had undergone VSD repair from 1988 to 1991 to determine the risk factors to induce PHC postoperatively. We analyzed age, weight, preoperative Pp/Ps, Rp/Rs, Qp/Qs, and postoperative Pp/Ps using discriminant analysis. We had 34 cases of pulmonary hypertension (PH: Pp/Ps > 0.7) preoperatively. Among 100 cases, PHC developed in 6 patients and 2 of them died postoperatively. Incidence of PHC in all patients was 6%, and that in patients with PH was 18%. PHC fatality rate was 33%. The analysis revealed that the occurrence of PHC was significantly higher among those whose ages were below 2.1 years, and with weight of under 9.85 kg, preoperative Pp/Ps > 0.73, Rp/Rs < 0.34, and postoperative Pp/Ps > 0.43. In those with preoperative PH, the risk for PHC increased significantly when their postoperative Pp/Ps exceeded 0.44.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Changes in serum concentration and mRNA level of rat C-reactive protein.

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a typical acute-phase protein found in many animals. Several stimuli, including IL-6 produced by macrophages localized around the site of tissue injury and/or bacterial infection, induce CRP synthesis in liver. One of the authors (W.N.) reported previously that sex hormones also affect the serum CRP concentration in rats. However, little is known about the process of CRP production, including time-dependent changes in the CRP mRNA level in liver. In the present study, we observed time-dependent changes in the serum concentration of CRP and the CRP mRNA level in liver after the injection of turpentine-oil or estradiol-17 beta in rats (Wistar strain). After turpentine-oil injection, CRP mRNA increased, followed by an increase in the serum CRP concentration, indicating that inflammation enhances transcription of the CRP gene. In contrast, upon estradiol-17 beta administration, the serum CRP concentration decreased without any decline in the CRP mRNA level in liver. The latter finding suggests that rats may have an alternative mechanism for regulating the serum concentration of CRP.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Differential induction of mRNA species encoding several classes of stress proteins following focal cerebral ischemia in rats.

We report here the time-dependent expression of several classes of HSP mRNAs following focal cerebral ischemia in rats. HSP70, GRP78, HSP27, HSP90 and HSP47 have been reported to possess distinct functions under normal and/or stress conditions. These different classes of HSP mRNAs were differentially induced by ischemia, as determined by Northern blot analysis. Messenger RNAs of the HSP70 family proteins were induced within 4 h after ischemia and then rapidly decreased, whereas HSP27 and HSP47 mRNAs reached a maximum level of expression at 24 h and 48 h after ischemic treatment, respectively. In situ hybridization showed that the expression of inducible HSP70 mRNA was observed predominantly in regions adjacent to the ischemic core except during the early periods of ischemia. HSP27 mRNA was expressed over a broad area of the ipsilateral cerebral neocortex except for the ischemic center 24 h after ischemia. The unique induction kinetics for each HSP mRNA species may reflect their distinct roles in the brain during various physiological stresses. We will also discuss that stress proteins may be involved in the central nervous system after ischemia in two important aspects: early protection against stress and restoration of damaged lesions in the brain at later stages after ischemia.

Animals↗