Primary cardiac angiosarcoma with superior vena caval syndrome: review of surgical resection and interventional management of venous inflow obstruction.
Primary cardiac angiosarcoma occurs rarely, and surgical resection is often required to relieve symptoms. A 66-year-old man whose presenting symptoms were palpitations and general fatigue is presented. Echocardiography revealed a large tumour occupying most of the right atrium. When superior vena caval (SVC) syndrome developed, surgical resection of the tumour was attempted. The tumour was found to have invaded the inflow of SVC, left atrium, right ventricle and ascending aorta. The bulk of the tumour was resected, requiring reconstruction of the right atrium and caval inflows. Histopathological diagnosis of the tumour was primary angiosarcoma. In the postoperative period, symptoms of SVC syndrome recurred, which were relieved temporarily by balloon angioplasty. After one month, recurrence of symptoms was again managed by catheter dilation. On this occasion a metallic stent was deployed, which prevented further symptoms of SVC syndrome during the eight months before the patient died with generalized metastases.