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Biomedical subjects

T Hase

Publications and source records attributed to T Hase.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Improvement of macromolecular clearance via lymph flow in hamster gingiva by topical warming and massage.

The lymphatic system is very important for macromolecular clearance in various tissues, especially in the gingiva. However, the kinetics of macromolecular clearance via the lymph flow in the gingiva are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether thermal or mechanical stimulation affects macromolecular clearance via the lymph flow in the gingiva. Carbon black suspension was injected into the mandibular gingiva of anesthetized hamsters and its drainage into cervical lymph nodes was examined. Clearance of 14C-methylated bovine albumin and tritiated water from the gingiva and their drainage into submandibular lymph nodes and blood was quantified. The effect of topical warming or massage on clearance of 14C-methylated albumin from the gingiva during a 15 min period was examined. In addition, the influence of neurochemical antagonists on the stimulatory effect of topical warming on albumin clearance was investigated. Submandibular lymph nodes were clearly delineated by carbon black 10 min after the injection. More radiolabeled albumin appeared in submandibular lymph nodes than in serum, while more tritiated water appeared in serum. Topical warming (45 degrees C, 2 min) and warming plus massage (with a silicon rubber brush, 20 s) decreased the radiolabeled albumin in the gingiva 15 min after the injection. There was less radiolabeled albumin in the gingiva after gingival warming plus massage than after warming. Previous injection of HOE140 or propranolol into the gingiva diminished the stimulatory effect of topical warming on albumin clearance. It was concluded that topical warming plus massage improves macromolecular clearance via the lymph flow in hamster gingiva.

Albumins↗
PubMed2000

Histological increase in inflammatory infiltrate in sun-exposed skin of female subjects: the possible involvement of matrix metalloproteinase-1 produced by inflammatory infiltrate on collagen degradation.

To investigate morphological changes occurring during cutaneous photoageing, a correlation between the number of infiltrating cells in the dermis and the degree of collagen damage was examined using sections from clinically normal chronically sun-exposed and sun-protected skin of Japanese female subjects. Haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections from 134 sun-exposed (subjects aged 3-82 years) and 73 sun-protected (subjects aged 1-86 years) areas demonstrated a predominant lymphoid cell and to a lesser extent histiocyte infiltration. The mean +/- SD number of lymphoid cells and histiocytes in the sun-exposed skin sections (427.0+/-192.2 and 147.8+/-83.3 cells/mm2, respectively) was significantly higher than in the sun-protected skin sections (292.6+/-98.3 and 125.9+/-59.0 cells/mm2, respectively) (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively), and the number of lymphoid cells in the sun-exposed skin sections increased significantly with age up to 50 years (r = 0.400, P < 0.001). Sun-exposed skin sections with severe collagen degeneration had a significantly higher number of lymphoid cells than those with slightly degenerated collagen (mean 626.3 vs. 482.4 cells/mm2, P < 0.01). The mean count of mast cells in sun-exposed skin was 202.0 cells/mm2; this did not vary with the age of the subjects or the level of collagen damage. Immunohistochemical studies using 24 frozen sections identified most of the lymphoid cells infiltrating sun-exposed skin as memory T lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+ and CD45RO+). The number of cells which displayed immunoreactivity to matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 in the sun-exposed skin sections was significantly higher than in the sun-protected skin sections (mean 170.2 vs. 113.6 cells/mm2, P < 0.05). Among these cells were observed CD3 and MMP-1 double-stained T lymphocytes, and T lymphocytes contacting MMP-1-positive cells. These morphological observations suggest that T lymphocytes infiltrating photodamaged skin may play a part in the degeneration and reduction of collagen through MMP-1 activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Intravascular ultrasound imaging of the pulmonary arteries in primary pulmonary hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: Intravascular ultrasound has the unique ability to provide cross-sectional images of the arterial wall. This study examined intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images of the proximal pulmonary arteries in primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). METHODOLOGY: Study 1: Specimens from four patients who had died of PPH (in vitro PPH group) were compared with those of three patients who had died of subarachnoid haemorrhage but had no evidence of cardiopulmonary disease (in vitro control group). Three-centimetre segments of the following levels were examined by IVUS: pulmonary trunk, eight secondary branch arteries of the upper, middle, and lower lobes of both lungs, and the thoracic descending aorta. Study 2: Four patients with PPH (in vivo PPH group) and five patients without pulmonary hypertension and no evidence of cardiopulmonary disease (in vivo control group) were examined. The IVUS images of the apical segmental artery of the right upper lobe and the descending branch of the right pulmonary artery were studied. RESULTS: Echographic examination of formalin-fixed preparations of secondary branch sections of the pulmonary artery failed to show a clear three-layer structure in the in vitro control group (24 preparations), but a distinct three-layer structure and increased vessel wall thickness were observed in the in vitro PPH group (32 preparations). Similar findings were obtained in the in vivo study. The mean echo density of the proximal pulmonary arterial wall correlated well with the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPA) in the in vitro PPH, and also correlated with the mPA in the in vivo study (r = 0.960, P < 0.0001). The echo intensity of secondary branch sections of the pulmonary artery was higher in the in vitro PPH group than in the in vitro control group (180.5 +/- 27.0 vs 132.5 +/- 26.7 counts, P < 0.001); similar results were obtained in the in vivo study (144.7 +/- 23.4 vs 85.0 +/- 14.3 counts, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the histological changes detected in the pulmonary artery walls in the PPH group were responsible for the increased echo intensity.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Comparative study of transurethral laser prostatectomy versus transurethral electroresection for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

BACKGROUND: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the gold standard treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Recently, less invasive transurethral laser prostatectomy, such as visual laser ablation (VLAP) or interstitial laser coagulation (ILCP), have been developed. Herein, we investigated the efficacy of VLAP and ILCP compared to TURP. METHODS: A total of 80 patients with BPH were treated: 20 patients by VLAP, 30 patients by ILCP and 30 patients by TURP. All patients were followed up for 12 months after their operations. Treatment outcomes were evaluated by four different criteria: (i) the International Prostatic Symptom Score (I-PSS), (ii) the maximum flow rate (Qmax), (iii) postvoided residual urine volume before treatment and one, three, six and 12 months after treatment, and (iv) prostatic volume before operation and three and six months postoperatively. RESULTS: The I-PSS, Qmax and residual urine volume were significantly improved compared to baseline levels and the improvement continued for 12 months in the three groups: for I-PSS (P<0.001 in the VLAP group and P<0.0001 in the ILCP and TURP groups), Qmax (P<0.001 in the VLAP and ILCP groups, and P<0.0001 in the TURP group), residual urine volume (P<0.01 in the VLAP group and P<0.0001 in the ILCP and TURP groups). Significant reduction of the prostatic volume was recorded only in the ILCP and TURP groups (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Visual laser ablation and ILCP can be good alternative treatments for BPH. Visual laser ablation provides good outcomes in patients with small-sized BPH and with risk factors such as heart disease or anticoagulation therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Analysis of reductant supply systems for ferredoxin-dependent sulfite reductase in photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic organs of maize.

Sulfite reductase (SiR) catalyzes the reduction of sulfite to sulfide in chloroplasts and root plastids using ferredoxin (Fd) as an electron donor. Using purified maize (Zea mays L.) SiR and isoproteins of Fd and Fd-NADP(+) reductase (FNR), we reconstituted illuminated thylakoid membrane- and NADPH-dependent sulfite reduction systems. Fd I and L-FNR were distributed in leaves and Fd III and R-FNR in roots. The stromal concentrations of SiR and Fd I were estimated at 1.2 and 37 microM, respectively. The molar ratio of Fd III to SiR in root plastids was approximately 3:1. Photoreduced Fd I and Fd III showed a comparable ability to donate electrons to SiR. In contrast, when being reduced with NADPH via FNRs, Fd III showed a several-fold higher activity than Fd I. Fd III and R-FNR showed the highest rate of sulfite reduction among all combinations tested. NADP(+) decreased the rate of sulfite reduction in a dose-dependent manner. These results demonstrate that the participation of Fd III and high NADPH/NADP(+) ratio are crucial for non-photosynthetic sulfite reduction. In accordance with this view, a cysteine-auxotrophic Escherichia coli mutant defective for NADPH-dependent SiR was rescued by co-expression of maize SiR with Fd III but not with Fd I.

Electron Transport↗
PubMed2000

Differential interaction of maize root ferredoxin:NADP(+) oxidoreductase with photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic ferredoxin isoproteins.

In higher plants ferredoxin (Fd):NADP(+) oxidoreductase (FNR) and Fd are each distributed in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic organs as distinct isoproteins. We have cloned cDNAs for leaf FNR (L-FNR I and L-FNR II) and root FNR (R-FNR) from maize (Zea mays L.), and produced recombinant L-FNR I and R-FNR to study their enzymatic functions through kinetic and Fd-binding analyses. The K(m) value obtained by assay for a diaphorase activity indicated that R-FNR had a 10-fold higher affinity for NADPH than L-FNR I. When we assayed for NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity using maize photosynthetic Fd (Fd I) and non-photosynthetic Fd (Fd III), the R-FNR showed a marked difference in affinity between these two Fd isoproteins; the K(m) for Fd III was 3.0 microM and that for Fd I was 29 microM. Consistent with this, the dissociation constant for the R-FNR:Fd III complex was 10-fold smaller than that of the R-FNR:Fd I complex. This differential binding capacity was confirmed by an affinity chromatography of R-FNR on Fd-sepharose with stronger binding to Fd III. L-FNR I showed no such differential interaction with Fd I and Fd III. These data demonstrated that R-FNR has the ability to discriminate between these two types of Fds. We propose that the stronger interaction of R-FNR with Fd III is crucial for an efficient electron flux of NADPH-FNR-Fd cascade, thus supporting Fd-dependent metabolism in non-photosynthetic organs.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Comparison of the electrostatic binding sites on the surface of ferredoxin for two ferredoxin-dependent enzymes, ferredoxin-NADP(+) reductase and sulfite reductase.

Plant-type ferredoxin (Fd), a [2Fe-2S] iron-sulfur protein, functions as an one-electron donor to Fd-NADP(+) reductase (FNR) or sulfite reductase (SiR), interacting electrostatically with them. In order to understand the protein-protein interaction between Fd and these two different enzymes, 10 acidic surface residues in maize Fd (isoform III), Asp-27, Glu-30, Asp-58, Asp-61, Asp-66/Asp-67, Glu-71/Glu-72, Asp-85, and Glu-93, were substituted with the corresponding amide residues by site-directed mutagenesis. The redox potentials of the mutated Fds were not markedly changed, except for E93Q, the redox potential of which was more positive by 67 mV than that of the wild type. Kinetic experiments showed that the mutations at Asp-66/Asp-67 and Glu-93 significantly affected electron transfer to the two enzymes. Interestingly, D66N/D67N was less efficient in the reaction with FNR than E93Q, whereas this relationship was reversed in the reaction with SiR. The static interaction of the mutant Fds with each the two enzymes was analyzed by gel filtration of a mixture of Fd and each enzyme, and by affinity chromatography on Fd-immobilized resins. The contributions of Asp-66/Asp-67 and Glu-93 were found to be most important for the binding to FNR and SiR, respectively, in accordance with the kinetic data. These results allowed us to map the acidic regions of Fd required for electron transfer and for binding to FNR and SiR and demonstrate that the interaction sites for the two enzymes are at least partly distinct.

Arabidopsis Proteins↗
PubMed1999

Handlebar hernia with intra-abdominal extraluminal air presenting as a novel form of traumatic abdominal wall hernia: report of a case.

An 18-year-old male was admitted to our Emergency Department with a traumatic abdominal wall hernia (TAWH) of the left lower quadrant (LLQ) after suffering hypogastric blunt injury and urogenital lacerations in a motorcycle accident. Upright chest X-ray showed a small amount of right infradiaphragmatic free air, and a computed tomographic (CT) scan demonstrated an abdominal wall hernia. At surgery, no impairment was found in the digestive tract, and an abdominal herniorrhaphy was performed. It is suggested that the free air had passed through a connection between the scrotal laceration and the contralateral abdominal defect via the subcutaneous space and was palpated as emphysema. This is a new type of TAWH, which suggests that blunt abdominal trauma may result in negative pressure in the subcutaneous and peritoneal cavity, and this could reflect the pathophysiology of TAWH.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1999

A mechanism for shock following stomach rupture in the newborn.

BACKGROUND: Stomach rupture often leads to shock and death within a short period, but the mechanism for this is not well-known. Shock may be due, in part, to endotoxin translocation and endotoxemia. METHODS: Sterile, endotoxin-free HCl (0.1 mol/L), with or without endotoxin-feeding, was injected intraperitoneally into 10-day-old rats, simulating stomach rupture in the newborn. The plasma endotoxin concentration was measured. Plasma glucose and lactate concentrations were monitored to assess physiologic response to endotoxemia and shock. RESULTS: Endotoxin feeding alone caused endotoxemia (0.49 +/- 0.12 ng/mL; P < 0.05) in 10-day-old rats, while plasma endotoxin concentration in controls was less than 0.04 ng/mL. However, the endotoxemia did not cause disruption of glucose regulation or death. Injection of HCl alone did not increase plasma endotoxin concentrations and did not alter glucose regulation. However, HCl injection into endotoxin-fed rats induced endotoxemia (211.1 +/- 70.5 ng/mL; P < 0.05), hypoglycemia, lactacidemia and mortality (45%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Early development of shock following stomach rupture may be in part due to endotoxin translocation and endotoxemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Acetabular labral tear: arthroscopic diagnosis and treatment.

We reviewed the cases of 10 patients with acetabular labral tear diagnosed and treated arthroscopically. The posterior portion of the labrum had a tear lesion in 7 patients, the anterior portion in 4, and the superior portion in 1. A longitudinal tear was found in 8 patients, a degenerative tear in 1, and fibrillation in 1. Eight patients who were treated by arthroscopic partial limbectomy experienced prompt pain relief, and were free of symptoms at the latest follow-up. The remaining 2 patients were treated conservatively but their symptoms did not subside. The following three findings were highly indicative of a torn acetabular labrum in the current study: (1) Pain elicited by internal rotation with the joint flexed 90 degrees, (2)pain elicited by axial compression to the joint flexed 90 degrees and slightly adducted, and (3) tenderness posterior to the greater trochanter. These findings were positive in 7, 10, and 8 patients, respectively. To diagnose acetabular labral tear, these signs and arthroscopy are useful. Hip joint-Labral tear.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1999

Complementary DNA cloning and characterization of ferredoxin localized in bundle-sheath cells of maize leaves.

In maize (Zea mays L.) two leaf-specific ferredoxin (Fd) isoproteins, Fd I and Fd II, are distributed differentially in mesophyll and bundle-sheath cells. A novel cDNA encoding the precursor of Fd II (pFD2) was isolated by heterologous hybridization using a cDNA for Fd I (pFD1) as a probe. The assignment of the cDNAs to the Fds was verified by capillary liquid-chromatography/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. RNA-blot analysis demonstrated that transcripts for Fd I and Fd II accumulated specifically in mesophyll and bundle-sheath cells, respectively. The mature regions of pFD1 and pFD2 were expressed in Escherichia coli as functional Fds. Fd I and Fd II had similar redox potentials of -423 and -406 mV, respectively, but the Km value of Fd-NADP+ reductase for Fd II was about 3-fold larger than that for Fd I. Asparagine at position 65 of Fd II is a unique residue compared with Fd I and other Fds from various plants, which have aspartic acid or glutamic acid at the corresponding position as an electrostatic interaction site with Fd-NADP+ reductase. Substitution of asparagine-65 with aspartic acid increased the affinity of Fd II with Fd-NADP+ reductase to a level comparable to that of Fd I. These structural and functional differences of Fd I and Fd II may be related to their cell-specific expression in the leaves of a C4 plant.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Cloning and inactivation of genes encoding ferredoxin- and NADH-dependent glutamate synthases in the cyanobacterium plectonema boryanum. Imbalances In nitrogen and carbon assimilations caused by deficiency of the ferredoxin-dependent enzyme

Glutamate synthase (GOGAT) is a key enzyme in the assimilation of inorganic nitrogen in photosynthetic organisms. We found that, like higher plants, the facultative heterotrophic cyanobacterium Plectonema boryanum had ferredoxin (Fd)- and NADH-dependent GOGATs. The genes glsF, gltB, and gltD were cloned, and structural analyses and target mutageneses demonstrated that glsF encoded Fd-GOGAT and that gltB and gltD encoded the two subunits of NADH-GOGAT. All three mutants lacking one of the GOGAT genes were able to grow photosynthetically and heterotrophically. However, the Fd-GOGAT mutant exhibited a phenotype of marked nitrogen deficiency when grown under conditions of saturating illumination and CO2 supply. In these conditions the rate of the ammonia uptake from the culture medium was slower in the Fd-GOGAT mutant than in the wild type or in the NADH-GOGAT mutant, but no significant differences were found in the rate of the CO2 fixation-dependent O2 evolution among these strains. Our results suggest that, although both Fd- and NADH-GOGATs were operative in the cells growing in light, the contribution of Fd-GOGAT, which directly utilizes photoreducing power for the catalytic reaction, is essential for balancing photosynthetic nitrogen and carbon assimilation.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Gallates inhibit cytokine-induced nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules in vascular endothelial cells.

Gallates (gallic acid esters) belong to the class of phenolic compounds, which are abundant in red wine. In this study, we show that gallates can inhibit cytokine-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and thereby reduce expression of endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecules in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Pretreatment of HUVECs with ethyl gallate (3 to 10 micromol/L) significantly suppressed interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha)- or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)- induced mRNA and cell-surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and E-selectin, which was associated with reduced adhesion of leukocytes to HUVECs. Gel shift assays with the NF-kappaB consensus sequence showed the decreased densities of the shifted bands in gallate-treated HUVECs. Furthermore, gallate pretreatment inhibited cytokine-induced transcription of a fusion gene, which consisted of 4 repeats of the NF-kappaB consensus sequence and the luciferase reporter gene. Immunoblot analysis of nuclear extracts and whole-cell lysates demonstrated the decreased amounts of NF-kappaB p65 in nuclei but equal amounts of inhibitor-kappaBalpha (I-kappaBalpha) in whole-cell lysates of ethyl gallate-treated HUVECs. Incubation of the nuclear extracts from cytokine-activated HUVECs with ethyl gallate did not affect the NF-kappaB shifted bands induced by cytokines in gel shift assays. Taken together, these data demonstrate that ethyl gallate can inhibit cytokine-induced nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB p65 by way of a mechanism independent of I-kappaBalpha degradation and thereby suppress expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin, which was associated with reduced adhesion of leukocytes. These results in vitro demonstrate that gallates can exhibit anti-inflammatory properties by blocking activation of NF-kappaB and suggest that these natural compounds, abundant in red wine, may play important roles in the prevention of atherosclerosis and inflammatory responses in vivo.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1998

New guiding catheter for transrad PTCA.

A new guiding catheter for PTCA is described. In our department, 302 patients (405 lesions) underwent transradial coronary angioplasty using the 6 Fr Kimny guiding catheter since January 1996. The total engagement rate using the Kimny guiding catheter was 91.3% (370/405). The engagement rate after the modified Kimny guiding catheter was introduced in May 1996 increased to 96.0% (243/253). The stent delivery success rate was 98.4%. We had two dislodged stents. PTCA for both left and right coronary arteries in a single procedure with the Kimny guiding catheter was performed via the radial artery in 27 patients. In 24 of these patients (89%) we engaged both coronaries successfully. In the remaining 3 patients we switched to another catheter. Except for 4 patients with non-Q-wave myocardial infarction, no major cardiac complications were encountered. No major entry site-related complications were seen, and no patient required vascular surgery or blood transfusions. In one patient the Kimny guiding catheter tip caused a minor dissection of the LMT, but no ischemic event occurred as a result. In conclusion, the Kimny device is a useful PTCA guiding catheter for routine angioplasty and stenting.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

The application of radio-opaque markers prior to ileostomy in an infant with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction: report of a case.

We report the case of a 6-month-old boy who developed chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction soon after birth. A rectal biopsy demonstrated immaturity of the neuronal cells in the enteral ganglion. His clinical course was stressful, with remission and exacerbation despite conservative treatment with daily bowel irrigation, prokinetic agents, and parenteral nutrition. Since the infant developed serious enterocolitis associated with the increased severity of his bowel obstruction, and no substantial gain in body weight was observed, a loop-ileostomy was performed based on X-ray findings with radio-opaque markers, which were employed to evaluate the whole gut transit time. The radio-opaque markers proved extremely useful for determining which loop of the ileum should be utilized for the ileostomy.

Barium Sulfate↗