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T Haruta

Publications and source records attributed to T Haruta.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Experience with the use of 9,3"-diacetylmidecamycin dry syrup in pediatrics].

Some studies were carried out on the use of 9,3"-diacetylmidecamycin (MOM) dry syrup, a new macrolide antibiotic preparation, in the treatment of children. The results are summarized below. 1) A single oral dose of 10 mg/kg of the MOM dry syrup was administered to 1 child at 2 hours after a meal. The peak concentration of the antibiotic in the blood was 0.88 micrograms/ml and occurred at 1 hour after administration. At 2 hours the concentration had fallen to 0.59 microgram/ml, and after 4 hours the blood level was already below the minimum detectable concentration (0.5 microgram/ml). During the first 6 hours after the administration, 6.7% of the MOM was recovered in the urine. 2) The MOM dry syrup was orally administered to 4 pneumonia patients (including 2 cases of mycoplasmal pneumonia) for 7 days at a daily dosage of 15.2--20.5 mg/kg (divided into 3 equal doses). The therapeutic results were excellent in 2 cases, good in 2 cases and poor in none. 3) No side effects such as exanthema were observed to occur. In 1 case only, there was a mild and temporary elevation in the laboratory test values for total bilirubin, GOT and GTP. 4) All 4 of the pneumonia patients found the MOM dry syrup to be easy to ingest. The taste and odor of this antibiotic preparation were judged to be sufficiently palatable to permit convenient use in the treatment of children.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

[Transfer of cefotaxime to the pelvic organs (author's transl)].

The new antibiotic cefotaxime (HR 756, CTX) has been proved to be clinically effective against infections observed in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. The present study was intended to investigate the transfer of CTX to the internal genital organs and the dead pelvic space. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The concentrations of CTX transferred to the uteri and its appendages after CTX 1 g intravenous injection were sufficiently effective against the major pathogens (Gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria) demonstrated in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. 2. The concentrations of CTX transferred to the dead space of the pelvis were effective against almost all of the Gram-negative bacteria for 6 to 12 hours after CTX 1 g or 2 g intravenous injection. CTX was thus proved to be very effective for the prevention and treatment of infections of the dead pelvic space.

Cefotaxime↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical evaluation of cefotiam in children (author's transl)].

Clinical trial of cefotiam was made in children and the following results were obtained. 1. Pharmacodynamic studies of the drug in CSF of experimental staphylococcal meningitis in rabbits showed a CSF/serum ratio of T 1/2 of 3.52, which was relatively high, but a percentage of CSF/serum ratio of AUC of only 3.42% up to 3 hours, suggesting a low efficiency of passage of the drug into CSF. 2. Blood concentrations of the drug were determined in children after an intravenous bolus injection of 20 mg/kg and were 46 mcg/ml (15 min.) and 26 mcg/ml (30 min.), T 1/2 being 40.8 min., Urinary recovery rate was 91.3% up to 4 hours in one patient and 61.9% up to 6 hours in another, respectively. 3. Thirteen patients with the following 14 episodes of infections were treated with cefotiam; urinary tract infection (5 cases), pneumonia (5), empyema (1), tonsillitis (1) and suspected sepsis (2). An overall efficacy rate was 100%, i. e., excellent in 12, good in 2 and no failure. No adverse reactions were clinically discernible and only laboratory abnormalities were transient or slight elevations of transaminase levels in 2 patients. 4. Based on the above results, it was concluded that cefotiam is a potent new antibiotic in the treatment of bacterial infections. Spectrum and antibacterial activity of the drug suggest that the drug particularly indicated for pneumonia.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

[Sensitivity of group B Streptococcus to various antibiotics (author's transl)].

Group B Streptococcus was isolated from the clinical materials of the patients examined in the Kobe Central Municipal Hospital, in 1974 to 1979. 1. Clinical isolates were all resistant to bacitracin. 2. Serotypes of 19 isolates were type III in 12 strains, Ia in 3, Ic in 2 and untypable in 2. 3. The MICs were determined to 15 antibiotics, and the results showed that penicillin G was the best and in the order of decreasing potency, cefotaxime, ampicillin, ceftizoxime and cefoperazone. 4. Compared with group A Streptococcus, the sensitivity of group B Streptococcus to penicillin G and ampicillin was inferior by 2 to 3 tubes. 5. Based on the above results, the significance of the cephalosporin antibiotic of the third generation, particularly cefotaxime, was evaluated in the treatment of infectious diseases of the newborn infants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Fundamental and clinical studies on cefadroxil dry syrup in children (author's transl)].

Fundamental and clinical studies were made on cefadroxil, a new oral cephalosporin, and the following results were obtained. (1) Antibacterial activity of the drug against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli, Klebsiella, Salmonella and P. mirabilis was almost equal to that of cephalexin. The MIC of indole positive Proteus. Enterobacter, Citrobacter, S. marcescens and P. aeruginosa to cefadroxil was higher than 100 microgram/ml in almost all strains. (2) Serum concentrations following an oral administration of 10.0 to 14.3 mg/kg of cefadroxil dry syrup was highest at 2 hours in 2 cases and 1 hour in 1 case, respectively, which were 13.4 to 17.1 microgram/ml, and 1.8 to 6.8 microgram/ml at 4 hours with an T 1/2 of 1.04 to 1.62 hours and apparently longer continuation of serum concentration than that of cephalexin. Urinary recovery rate was 75-96% up to 6 hours. (3) Fourteen patients, i.e., 6 with tonsillitis and 8 with urinary tract infection, were treated with a daily oral dose of 30-50 mg/kg divided in 4 doses except 1 case divided in 3 doses. The overall efficacy rate was 100%, i.e., excellent in 13, good in 1 and no failure. Causative organisms disappeared in all cases. (4) Adverse reactions, such as diarrhea and skin rash, were not noted at all and 1 case presented a mild elevation of GOT and GPT. (5) Taste and flavor of the drug was well palatable to children. (6) Based on the above results, it is concluded cefadroxil dry syrup is a new potent cephalosporin for oral use in the treatment of acute bacterial infection in children. Daily dose of 40 mg/kg in 3-4 divided doses appeared to be appropriate.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

[Fundamental and clinica evaluation of cefoxitin in children (author's transl)].

Fundamental and clinical evaluations were made on cefoxitin, a new cephamycin antibiotic, and the following results were obtained. 1) MIC of the drug to clinical isolates was determined and was higher than that of cefazolin to Gram-positive bacilli. Among Gram-negative rods, the drug showed a sufficient antibacterial activity even to cefazolin-resistant strains. However, the MIC of cefoxitin to cefazolin-sensitive strains tended to be higher than that of cefazolin. 2) As to the passage of cefoxitin in experimental staphylococcal meningitis in rabbits, a percentage of CSF/serum ratio of AUC was 10.7% up to 3 hours and CSF/serum ratio of T1/2 was 1.78 of which value was an intermediate between those of ampicillin and cefazolin. There were, however, larger individual differences. 3) Blood concentrations and urinary recovery rates were determined in 2 children. In 1 patient, in whom the drug was given intravenously at a dose of 25 mg/kg, a blood concentration after 30 minutes was 50 microgram/ml, T1/2 was 57.2 minutes. This patient, however, showed a slight renal dysfunction. In another patient, who received an intravenous injection of 12.5 mg/kg, a 30 minutes blood concentration was 14.6 microgram/ml and T1/2 was 31.8 minutes. Urinary recovery rates up to 6 hours were 85.8% and 73.5%, respectively. 4) Thirty patients with the following bacterial infections were treated with cefoxitin, i.e., urinary tract infection (24 cases), respiratory tract infection (4 cases), each one case of peritonitis and suspected sepsis. An overall efficacy rate was 93.3%, i.e., excellent in 13 cases, good in 15, and failure in 2. Disappearance rate of the causative organism of the 23 clinical isolates was 87.0%, i.e., that the causative organism disappeared in 20 strains, reduced in 1 and persisted in 2. 5) Based on the above results, it was concluded that cefoxitin is a potent new antibiotic in bacterial infections in children, particularly respiratory and urinary tract infections. The optimal recommended dose will be about 25 mg/kg which should be given 3-4 times daily intravenously or by drip infusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical evaluation of cefroxadine dry syrup in children (author's transl)].

Clinical efficacy of cefroxadine dry syrup, a new oral cephalosporin antibiotic, was evaluated in children, and the following results were obtained. 1. Three children were given a single oral dose of about 10 mg/kg of the drug when fasting, and its blood concentrations were determined. Blood concentrations were maximum at 30 approximately 60 minutes, i.e., 16.9 approximately 18.2 microgram/ml, and markedly low at 4 hours. 2. Thirty-six patients with the following diseases were tested with 23.1 approximately 44.4 mg/kg/day of the drug in 3 to 4 divided doses; 21 patients with lacunar tonsillitis, 2 with tonsillitis, 1 with scarlet fever, 4 with bronchitis and tonsillitis, 2 with cystitis, 4 with pyelonephritis, 1 with impetigo and 1 with probable Mycoplasma pneumonia. An overall efficacy rate in 35 patients excluding the last mentioned case was 91.4%, i.e., excellent in 20, good in 12 and poor in 3, and an eradication rate of the causative organisms was 88.9%. 3. Adverse reactions noted were diarrhea in 1 patient, eruption and diarrhea in 1 transient neutropenia in 1, eosinophilia in 3 and an elevation of GOT and GPT in 1. None were significant. 4. Taste and flavor of the drug was considered to be well palatable to children. 5. Taking into consideration of the results of fundamental evaluation of the drug, cefroxadine dry syrup is considered to be a potent new antibiotic in children, and the recommended dose will be 10 mg/kg 3 to 4 times a day.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical evaluation of cefoperazone in children (author's transl)].

Clinical evaluation was made on cefoperazone (CPZ) and the following conclusions were obtained. (1) Serum concentrations of the drug after a one-shot intravenous injection of 22.2 mg/kg were 77 mcg/ml (30 minutes), 50 mcg/ml (1 hour) and 8.9 mcg/ml (4 hours) and T 1/2 of serum concentration was 68.5 minutes. A 35-day-old female with obstructive jaundice associated with choledochal cyst was given by a 30-minute drip infusion of 26.8 mg/kg of the drug. Serum concentration was 90 mcg/ml at the end of infusion, slowly declined thereafter, and was 47.5 mcg/ml at 6 hours. Its T 1/2 was 395 minutes. A patient with pyelonephritis complicated with right hydronephrosis was similarly treated with 24.4 mg/kg. T 1/2 of serum concentration was not prolonged, i.e., 82.1 minutes, but urinary recovery rate up to 6 hours was decreased to 15.9%. (2) Five patients, including three with pyelonephritis (causative organism: K. pneumoniae 2 and P. aeruginosa 1) and each one patient with pneumonia (unknown) and with postoperative infection (S. faecalis), respectively, were treated with 66.7 approximately 96.8 mg/kg/day of CPZ in 3 divided doses for 5 approximately 12 days either by one-shot intravenous or by 30 approximately 60-minute drip infusion. An overall efficacy rate was excellent in 3 and good in 2, and there was no failure. Causative organisms disappeared in all cases. (3) Although one patient was excluded from the study because the diagnosis was supposed to be viral pneumonia, all six patients who were given CPZ did not exhibit any adverse reactions except for mild eosinophilia in two instances. (4) The foregoing results as well as the review of the literature clearly indicate the effectiveness of CPZ in the treatment of bacterial infections in children.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

[Cefmetazole in the treatment of bacterial infections in the newborn (author's transl)].

Clinical evaluation of cefmetazole were made in the treatment of bacterial infections in the newborn infants and the following results were obtained. 1) Five infants, 7 approximately 58 days of age, received a single intravenous one-shot injection of 22.2 approximately 24.5 mg/kg dose of cefmetazole, and blood concentrations were determined. The average level was 62.6 micrograms/ml (30 minutes), 46.3 micrograms/ml (1 hour), 26.8 micrograms/ml (2 hours), 8.7 micrograms/ml (4 hours) and 2.4 micrograms/ml (6 hours), and T 1/2 was 87.7 minutes. Almost similar values were obtained when the drug was given by a 30-minute drip infusion and sufficiently exceeded the MIC to the bacteria to which cefmetazole was indicated. 2) In two patients, who had been operated for choledochal cyst and received an intravenous drip infusion of the drug, the persistence of the blood concentration was remarkably long, T 1/2 being 192 and 222 minutes, respectively. This problem still remains to be elucidated. 3) The following 22 patients were treated with an intravenous one-shot or drip infusion of cefmetazole, i.e., 45.6 to 107.1 mg/kg divided in 2 approximately 3 doses; 14 patients aged 1 to 21 days, 2 aged 1 to less than 2 months, 3 aged 2 to less than 3 months and 3 aged older than 3 months. However, in purulent meningitis, larger dose was given intravenously 6 times daily. Diseases included sepsis (4 cases), purulent meningitis (3), peritonitis (1) SSS syndrome (3), subcutaneous abscess (2), urinary tract infection (8) and Salmonella enteritis (1), and their causative organisms were E. coli (13 strains), K. pneumoniae (1), S. typhimurium (1), S. aureus (6) and group B Streptococcus (1). Overall efficacy rate in 22 cases was 90.9%. i.e., excellent in 11, good in 9 and failure in 2. Two cases of failure were a patient with peritonitis and visceral eventration due to umbilical hernia and a patient with a chromosomal aberration and urinary tract infection caused by E. coli. Reasons for such a treatment failure appeared to reside in host factors. 4) Adverse reactions included each one case of skin rash and diaper rash, 3 cases of eosinophilia and 5 cases of elevation of transaminase levels, all of which were mild and transient. 5) Based on the above results, cefmetazole is considered to be a potent new antibiotic which should be indicated as the first choice drug in the treatment of neonatal bacterial infections. The recommended dosage is as follows: 50 mg/kg given intravenously 6 times daily for bacterial meningitis and 20 approximately 25 mg/kg intravenously or by a drip infusion 2 to 3 times daily for other infections.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

[Treatment of E. coli meningitis with cefmetazole. Report of two cases with favorable response and determination of the concentrations in CSF (author's transl)].

Two patients with purulent meningitis, of which causative organism was presumed to be E. coli, were treated with intravenous administration of cefmetazole, 300 approximately 400 mg/kg/day in 4 approximately 6 divided doses, and the following conclusions were obtained. 1) Clinical response was favorable and a complete cure was obtained without sequelae in both patients. There were no adverse reactions noted except for a mild and transient eosinophilia (12%) in one case. 2) Of two strains of E. coli recovered from CSF, one was sensitive to ampicillin, cefazolin and cefmetazole, among which cefmetazole had the highest bacterial activity. Although another strain was sensitive to cefmetazole, it showed resistance to cefazolin (greater than 12.5 microgram/ml) and to ampicillin (greater than 100 microgram/ml). 3) Concentrations of cefmetazole in CSF following 1 approximately 2 hours of its intravenous administration were either equal to or higher than those of ampicillin, which was given to the same patient for a short period of time. The concentrations in CSF were higher than 3.1 microgram/ml on each occasion except for in some specimens during the convalescent phase and exceeded well the MIC of the causative organism. 4) Based on the above results, cefmetazole is considered to be a potent antibiotic in the treatment of E. coli meningitis. Although further studies are needed as to the dosage, an intravenous administration at 4-hour interval appears to be warranted based on the studies that the half-life of the drug is short in CSF in animal experiments.

Ampicillin↗