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T Harada

Publications and source records attributed to T Harada.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Three-dimensional reconstruction of the temporal bone from a case of E trisomy syndrome.

Computer-assisted three-dimensional reconstruction was performed from histologic sections of the left temporal bone removed from a case of E trisomy syndrome. The reconstructions included structures such as the bony and membranous labyrinths, ossicles, ossicular muscles, tympanic membrane, and facial and eighth nerves. The structures could be observed individually or simultaneously in combination. Prominent abnormalities observed in these reconstructions included enlargement of the utricle, absence of the posterior semicircular canal, slight hypoplasia of the cochlea, anomaly of the stapes, abnormally shaped stapedius muscle, abnormal course of the facial nerve, and flattening of the tympanic membrane. The results were useful for the visual and stereoscopic understanding of abnormal configurations and the spatial orientations of these abnormalities.

Chromosomes, Human, 16-18↗
PubMed1993

The lumbar spine in spastic diplegia. A radiographic study.

Some radiological features of the lumbar spine of 84 patients with spastic diplegia were compared with 50 control subjects. The average age of the patients was 20.1 years (3 to 39). Spondylolysis of the fifth lumbar vertebra was found in 21%, four times more frequently than in normal subjects. No patient under nine years of age had spondylolysis and the frequency increased with age. The average angle of lumbar lordosis in spastic patients in the standing position was greater than in normal subjects, and increased with age. The patients had a decreased sacrofemoral angle which caused an increase in Ferguson's angle and explained the increased angle of lumbar lordosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Enhanced secretion of endothelin by endothelial cells in response to hemoglobin.

Confluent cultures of bovine aortic endothelium in serum-free medium were exposed to increasing concentrations (10(-6)-10(-4) M) of freshly prepared erythrocyte lysates (primarily hemoglobin). Hemoglobin increased endothelin-1 secretion into the medium in a dose-dependent manner after 24 hours. The enhanced secretion of endothelin-1 in response to hemoglobin was sustained for 72 hours, suggesting active production and secretion of endothelin-1 rather than release from intracellular pools. Secreted endothelin-1 in the medium was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with radioimmunoassay. Endothelin-1, a potent and long-lasting vasoconstrictor, may be one of the causative factors of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Oxyhemoglobin, derived from periarterial clot, may play an important role in the secretion of endothelin-1 in cerebral vasospasm.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Arachidonic acid metabolites in human nasal polyps.

Arachidonic acid metabolites (AAMs) are known to be involved in inflammation. It is suggested that AAMs play an important role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyp. We have measured the levels of prostaglandin E2, 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha, thromboxane B2, leukotriene B4 and a mixture of leukotriene C4, D4 and E4 in both nasal polyp and maxillary sinus mucosa by radioimmunoassay. Our results showed that arachidonic acid metabolism in nasal polyps from allergic patients was more active than that from non-allergic patients. The arachidonic acid metabolism in nasal polyp was more active than in maxillary sinus mucosa among allergic patients. On the other hand, arachidonic acid metabolism in maxillary sinus mucosa was more active than that in nasal polyps among non-allergic patients. On the basis of these results, we hypothesized the causal mechanisms of nasal polyps as follows: The nasal polyp in allergic patients is caused by primary inflammation of the nasal mucosa, and sinusitis occurs secondarily. In non-allergic patients, the primary side of inflammation is located in the maxillary sinus mucosa, leading to the secondary formation of nasal polyp.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1993

Measurement of anaphylatoxin activity during surgery.

We studied whether or not anaphylatoxins (ATs) are related to stress-related surgery by examining AT measurement in 51 patients undergoing operation. C3a plasma levels in patients who underwent the Caldwell-Luc operation increased from a pre-surgery concentration of 129 +/- 19 (mean +/- SD) ng/ml to 293 +/- 91 ng/ml during surgery under local anesthesia. However, pre- and post-surgery values were almost the same. No significant change occurred in the C5a plasma concentration at any time in patients undergoing the Caldwell-Luc operation, tonsillectomy or partial glossectomy. The mechanism underlying elevation in C3a during surgery is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Acute and chronic effects of unilateral cervical sympathectomy on nasal allergy-like symptoms induced by toluene diisocyanate in guinea pigs.

The role of the sympathetic nervous system in nasal allergy was examined using guinea pigs with nasal allergy sensitized by 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI). Nasal allergy-like symptoms were suppressed at the first TDI provocation after cervical sympathectomy. This finding suggests that the sympathetic nervous system contributes to the development of symptoms in nasal allergy. However, the inhibitory effect of sympathectomy gradually disappeared. The animals with chronic cervical sympathectomy were more prone to manifest nasal allergy-like symptoms induced by TDI. These findings suggest that compensatory activation of the parasympathetic nervous system in reaction to sympathectomy might exacerbate nasal allergy. The findings in the present study also provide an experimental basis for stellate ganglion block treatment of nasal allergy.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[A case of bladder carcinoma representing leukemoid reaction].

A 60-year-old male with locally invasive bladder carcinoma (pT4 pNo Mo) had a remarkable leukocytosis of 64,900/mm3 in the peripheral blood count without any findings of inflammatory disease. The grade 3 transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) measuring 60 by 58 mm involved the prostate, but radiological examinations including abdominal CT scan and isotopic bone scan failed to prove distant metastasis. Serum calcium level was within normal level. Negative bone marrow finding for leukemia strongly suggested a leukemoid reaction by the bladder carcinoma. Preoperative arterial chemoembolization utilizing mitomycin C microcapsules and cisplatin infused into the tumor feeding arteries provided a normalization of leukocyte count (8,200/mm3) in association with a substantial tumor reduction, and was followed by radical cystoprostatectomy. Although the leukocyte count maintained a normal range for 2 months postoperatively, leukocytosis recurred and rapidly progressed to a leukocyte count of 51,300/mm3. CT scan revealed intrapelvic tumor recurrence, and serum analysis for granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) demonstrated an elevated value of 130.9 pg/ml (normal, less than 30 pg/ml). The patient is now on systemic chemotherapy. The laboratory data and the response to the treatments would indicate that the leukocytosis in this patient is a leukemoid reaction due to the bladder carcinoma which may release G-CSF. Ten cases of bladder tumor representing leukemoid reaction have been reported in the literature.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1993

Pathological specimens of rat temporal bone--comparison between different fixative solution.

We investigated the difference in temporal bone specimens fixated by three sorts of fixative solution (10% formalin fixative, Wittmaack's fixative and Heidenhein-SuSa fixative). 1. 10% Formalin's fixative solution We found many pinkish precipitates, which are stained by hematoxy-eosin, in the scala media of the cochlea. Same substance is found in the perilymphatic space and endolymphatic space in the vestibulum. The fusion of the cells is indicated in the tectorial membrane, inner sulucus cell, outer sulucus cell especially in the apical turn of the cochlea. 2. Wittmaack's fixative solution The detachment of inner and outer sulucus cells are found from basilar membrane at the basal turn of the cochlea. The tendency in convex and concave form of the Reissner's membrane is most remarkable in these three fixative solution. 3. Heidenhein-SuSa fixative solution In this solution, no precipitates, no fusion of cells are found. No detachment of the inner or outer sulucus cells is also found. This study indicates that Heidenhein-SuSa fixation is most excellent fixative method.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Surgical strategy for papillary carcinoma of the thyroid in an iodine rich area: decision on the operation table.

In iodine rich areas the incidence of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is extremely high but its prognosis is favorable. When papillary carcinoma is confined to one lobe, our standard surgical procedure has been total lobectomy with isthmusectomy rather than total thyroidectomy. Our followup study of 185 such patients reveals considerable difference in the outcome between the 85 patients with gross thyroid capsular invasion and the 100 patients without, regardless of the presence of cervical lymph node metastasis. In the latter group, the tumor could be completely resected in all patients; although 4 cases had recurrence and required reoperation, 3 patients are alive and well and one died of other disease. In contrast, 20 patients in the former group had incomplete resection of the tumor, 4 patients developed recurrence and needed to be reoperated and 7 patients eventually died of thyroid cancer. One hundred thirty three patients (71.9%) underwent modified neck dissection at the time of surgery to find lymph node metastasis in 37 of 59 cases (62.7%) without gross thyroid capsular invasion and 64 of 74 cases (86.5%) with such invasion. The difference is statistically significant (P < 0.05). From these results we conclude that for papillary thyroid cancer in iodine rich areas total lobectomy with isthmusectomy is the treatment of choice when gross thyroid capsular invasion is not recognized on the operation table. However, when gross thyroid capsular invasion is recognized, total or near total thyroidectomy has to be performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Cretinism].

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Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1993

[Amenorrhea].

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Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Anovulation].

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Anovulation↗
PubMed1993

[Bone changes in Parkinson's disease].

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder and tends to occur in elderly people, who sometimes develop age-related osteoporosis. Pathological bone changes seem to affect the outcome and prognosis of PD. We studied the relationship between bone changes and PD. Bone examination was conducted by multiple scanning X-ray photodensitometry in 70 patients with PD and 46 age-matched controls. We then compared the results with the clinical characteristics of PD. Of the 70 patients, 44 were women and 26 were men; the mean ages were 65.5 +/- 7.9 (mean +/- SD) and 63.4 +/- 9.9 years, respectively. Of the 46 controls, 25 were women and 21 were men, with mean ages of 61.4 +/- 10.2 and 60.3 +/- 9.3 years, respectively. Osteopenia was detected in 26 (59%) of the 44 female, and 5 (19%) of the 26 male patients, and in 6 (24%) of the 25 female and 2 (9%) of the 21 male controls. The frequency of osteopenia was significantly greater in the female patients than in the male patients or the female controls. The mean Hoehn & Yahr stage of female patients with osteopenia was more severe than that of those without osteopenia, with a significant difference between the two groups. Osteopenia in men was related to the duration of PD, but this was not so in the women. The female patients without osteopenia tended to have earlier onset of PD and longer duration of the disease and treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[A case report of BWG syndrome in an elderly patient performed with mitral valve replacement 11 years after single CABG].

A 46-year-old female who had undergone single CABG for BWG syndrome 11 years ago was referred to our hospital for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The roentgenogram showed slightly cardiomegaly and the enlargement of LA. Ischemic changes of ECG appeared at I, aVL, V5, V6, as inverted T wave, and low voltage R wave at V1-V4, but non Q wave. The thallium-201 emission computed tomogram at exercise revealed poor perfusion at apical region without redistribution pattern. Catheterization showed mitral regurgitation (grade III), big right coronary artery (RCA) arising from aorta, rich collateral to poor left coronary artery (LCA), and bypass graft was obstructed. The proximal end of LCA was closed, and didn't arise from both pulmonary artery and ascending aorta. In this cases, MVR only without re-CABG to LCA was selected and performed. Postoperative course was uneventful. The result of this case suggested that MVR was an effective surgical procedure for MR of BWG syndrome in the adult case and it was better to add CABG to LCA as much as possible if the ischemic region was large.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1993

[Late malfunction of the Björk-Shiley valve prosthesis due to Delrin disc defacement].

A 55-year-old woman eighteen years after mitral valvular replacement with Delrin disc Björk-Shiley valve prosthesis underwent a reoperation of prosthetic valve replacement for the prosthetic malfunction due to disc defacement. The patient suffered from faintness and vertigo at rest. An echocardiographic examination showed a moderate mitral insufficiency with a normal disc movement. Precise examination on the removed prosthesis revealed accelerated defacement of disc margin which made the ring-disc clearance up to 0.35 mm and strut-shaped groove formation on the inlet surface of the disc occluder. These findings suggested a pronouncedly earlier disc wear than predicted by Björk and co-workers. We concluded, therefore, that a patient undergone a valve replacement with Delrin disc Björk-Shiley valve should be examined periodically by echocardiography even though being without any symptoms.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Binding ability of complement receptor CR1 to C3 bound on the surface of M+ group A streptococci.

A previous study demonstrated that although M+ bacteria bound C3, mainly C3b and iC3b, via the classical pathway of complement activation, they were not phagocytosed by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN). To elucidate this mechanism, we attempted to distinguish between the possibilities that M+ bacteria are effectively adhering to PMN but are not being endocytosed, or that the C3 deposited on M+ bacteria is not able to interact with the complement receptors on PMN. In the present study, we studied the interaction of C3-coated M+ bacteria with complement receptor CR1, which was isolated from the stroma of human erythrocytes. We show that the isolated complement receptor CR1 can associate with C3-coated M+ bacteria as well as with C3-coated M- bacteria, and the C3 deposited on M+ bacteria is cleaved and releases a C3 fragment in the presence of factor I and liquid-phase CR1. These results suggest that the C3 bound on the surface of M+ bacteria is able to promote adherence to the complement receptor CR1 on PMN. We also studied the distribution of C3 deposited on M+ bacteria in normal human serum (NHS) or normal human plasma (NHP). By immunofluorescence, we show that the C3 bound to M+ bacteria in NHS was deposited uniformly over the surface of the bacteria. On the other hand, the C3 bound to M+ bacteria in NHP was deposited at both ends between adjacent daughter cocci. The results suggest that an additional factor contained in NHP is related to the enhancement of anti-phagocytic activity of M+ bacteria.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of allergen-specific IgE antibodies by MAST for the diagnosis of nasal allergy.

Multiple-antigen simultaneous test (MAST) is a new system for detecting allergen-specific IgE antibodies. Multiple antigens can be examined simultaneously in a short period of time by this method. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of this method and to compare the results of MAST with those of RAST and intradermal skin test using 133 serum samples obtained from patients with nasal allergy. The positive rates of the main allergens detected by the MAST system are 56% for Japanese cedar, 31 for Dermatophagoides farinae (DF), 30% for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP), 27% for house dust (HD), and 27% for timothy grass. The positive rates of food allergens are very low. An average of 3.5 different allergens can be simultaneously detected in one serum. We have compared MAST and RAST with respect to nine allergens: HD, DF, cat, Japanese cedar, timothy, bahia, sweet vernal, velvet, and ragweed. There are statistically significant correlations between MAST and RAST for all allergens except ragweed, the correlation coefficients in the eight allergens are greater than r = 0.60, and total agreements exceed over 70%. Similarly, there also is a good correlation between MAST and skin test for the allergens: HD, cat, Japanese cedar, timothy grass, and ragweed. These results indicate the clinical usefulness of the MAST system for detecting specific IgE antibodies in patients with nasal allergy.

Adolescent↗