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Biomedical subjects

T Hara

Publications and source records attributed to T Hara.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Computed tomography in young children with herpes simplex virus encephalitis.

Computed tomographic (CT) scans were obtained from eight infants and young children with herpes simplex virus encephalitis. In two cases the initial scan showed diffuse edematous changes as a mass effect without laterality. Unilateral localized low attenuation in the initial scan was evident 4 days after the onset in one patient, and high attenuation in the initial scan appeared on the 6th day in another patient, but in general, it was not possible to establish an early diagnosis of herpes simplex virus encephalitis from CT scan. In the longitudinal study the calcification with ventriculomegaly appeared in 3 of 5 survivors, and gyriform calcification in 2 of 3 patients, respectively. The appearance of multicystic encephalomalacia was evident in one patient 6 months after the onset of neonatal herpes simplex encephalitis. It is shown that the CT findings of neonates and young children with herpes simplex encephalitis are different from those of older children and adults, and the importance of longitudinal CT studies was stressed in clarifying the pathophysiology of the central nervous system involvement in survivors.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

Recent advance in intracapsular phacoemulsification and complete in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation.

We have modified our technique of subcapsular phacoemulsification and aspiration in two ways: (1) Intracapsular phacoemulsification is performed without an anterior capsulotomy. Because the inner wall of the anterior capsule can be cleaned completely by the irrigation/aspiration tip through a small opening in the anterior lens capsule, the clean capsular bag is retained. (2) An intraocular lens (IOL) is inserted completely into the bag. If desired, the central part of the anterior capsule can be removed before or after IOL implantation. We propose changing the name of this technique to intracapsular phacoemulsification and aspiration and complete in-the-bag IOL fixation.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed1985

In-vitro and in-vivo activities of a novel cephamycin MT-141 against the Bacteroides fragilis group in comparison with six cephem antibiotics.

MT-141 inhibited 90% of the clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis at 3.13 mg/l, whereas six reference cephem antibiotics inhibited them at 12.5- greater than 100 mg/l. MT-141 was stable to the Bacteroides beta-lactamases, but the stability alone could not explain the potent activity of MT-141 against the other Bacteroides spp., which produced only small amounts of beta-lactamase, but were resistant to other cephem antibiotics. MT-141 exhibited a higher killing rate and more potent in-vivo efficacy than the reference cephem antibiotics against Bact. fragilis No. 36 combined with Escherichia coli No. 29. In conclusion, the in-vitro and in-vivo anti-bacteroides activities of MT-141 ranked first among those of the cephem antibiotics compared.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Relationship between changes in properties and contents of riboflavin derivatives of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase in the liver microsomes of riboflavin-deficient rats.

Weanling male rats were fed a riboflavin-deficient diet for 5-8 weeks, and the decrease in NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase (FpT) activity in the liver microsomes was compared with the contents of riboflavin derivatives. The decrease of FpT activity for the reduction of cytochrome c was greater than that for the reduction of ferricyanide. The FpT's of riboflavin-deficient and control rats were indistinguishable in the Ouchterlony immunodiffusion test against anti-FpT, and were shown to have the same molecular weight of 78,000 by SDS-polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. However, the purified FpT of the riboflavin-deficient rats contained 14.2, 4.9, and 1.9 nmol of FAD, FMN, and riboflavin per mg of protein, respectively, while that of the control rats contained 10.6 and 9.5 nmol of FAD and FMN per mg of protein, respectively. After riboflavin injection into the riboflavin-deficient rats, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity and FMN content of the FpT were restored to the control levels in 36 h, NADPH-ferricyanide reductase activity recovered in 18 h, and riboflavin content diminished in 18 h. On incubation of the purified FpT of the riboflavin-deficient rats with FMN, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity and FMN content were restored to those of control rats. These results indicated that a part of FMN in the FpT of the riboflavin-deficient rats was replaced with FAD and riboflavin.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Transhepatic obliteration of esophageal varices using stainless coils combined with hypertonic glucose and gelfoam.

A total of 63 patients with variceal bleeding were included in this study. Fifty-six attempts at percutaneous transhepatic variceal obliteration were made using stainless steel coils followed by 50% glucose and Gelfoam in 27 emergency cases, in whom bleeding did not stop by conventional medical treatment; and in 18 elective cases, in whom bleeding did stop by conventional medical treatment. The remaining 18 patients, whose bleeding was controlled by conventional medical treatment, were used as a control for the elective cases (conservative cases). The overall success rate was 93%. In 92% of the 37 acute bleeders, bleeding ceased as soon as the varices were obliterated. In emergency cases, the cumulative variceal rebleeding rate at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after obliteration was 16%, 29%, 34%, 44%, 56%, and 56%, respectively. Its mortality within 1 month after the first bleeding was only 11%. In elective cases, the rebleeding rate at 1, 2, and 12 months was significantly lower; and the survival rate at 1 and 2 months was significantly higher compared with conservative cases. Follow-up portography in 10 active rebleeders and two nonrebleeders demonstrated new vessel formation in six, and recanalization of previously completely occluded varices in two. Complications included transient hemiparesis and partial stenosis of intrahepatic portal branches, but none was fatal. When compared with a conventional treatment, transhepatic variceal obliteration using steel coils followed by 50% glucose and Gelfoam proved to be an effective, safe emergency treatment for variceal hemorrhage. However, since the rebleeding rate was high, this procedure should be followed by an elective operation or other procedures for a lasting prevention of bleeding.

Embolization, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1985

Quantitative evaluation of monocyte differentiation by electron microscopy: impairment of differentiation ability in monocytes from children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

The differentiation of monocytes was evaluated quantitatively by electron microscopy and was analyzed in relation to the clinical features of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The monocyte cellular size increased and cell organellae became mature after a 72-h culture. Phagolysosome formation developed markedly- and the nucleus became circular--accompanied by chromatin deconcentration. The differentiation degree of the cell organellae was indexed and classified as mature by electron microscopy. The indexes of nuclear shape, chromatin deconcentration, cytoplasmonuclear ratio and vacuole formation increased with time. The total index increased linearly with time dependence. These results indicate that the ultrastructural parameters and indexes allowed a quantitative assessment of cell organellae and cellular differentiation of the monocyte. At the acute phase of ALL, the degrees of cell organnellae and cellular differentiation were significantly lower than the control. The above findings suggest that monocytes from children with ALL have impaired differentiation ability, which results in defective function of macrophages.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1985

In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of dactimicin, a novel pseudodisaccharide aminoglycoside, compared with those of other aminoglycoside antibiotics.

When compared with astromicin, amikacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, dactimicin was similar to astromicin in in vitro activity and was more active than amikacin and gentamicin against the clinical isolates of Serratia marcescens, but less active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Dactimicin and astromicin were active against many gentamicin- and amikacin-resistant bacteria expressing aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, with the exception of aminoglycoside 3-acetyltransferase. However, dactimicin was more resistant than astromicin to inactivation by aminoglycoside 3-acetyltransferase, probably owing to the protective action of the formimidoyl group. The in vivo activity of dactimicin, assessed by the 50% effective doses against systemic infections in mice, was similar or superior to that of astromicin and was superior or inferior to that of amikacin depending on the strains tested.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1985

[Maladjustment signs of employees in the MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory). I. Psychological maladjustment].

We investigated a relation between occupational maladjustment and personality traits of 669 employees (354 males and 315 females) in 4 stores randomly selected from 35 stores of a distribution business company Firm I. The subjects were classified into 3 adjustment groups; "poor," "average" and "good" as a result of their self-evaluations for occupational maladjustment in each item on the check list comprising 3 major categories of vocational aptitude, human relations to superior and those to colleagues. And we studied the characteristics of the profiles of MMPI according to the 3 categories. The difference between the "poor" and "good" groups was the clearest in the relation between occupational maladjustment and MMPI profiles. Generally speaking, in the validity scale F is higher, and K is lower in "poor" groups, while in the clinical scale Pa, Ma and Si go higher. In conclusion, the personality traits of psychologically maladjusted persons are sensitivity, introversion, lack of suppression, lack of consideration and defense, and lack of plasticity.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Fractionation of Kintoki bean lectin into isolectins.

A comprehensive study of the preparative procedure of Kintoki bean lectin resulted in the resolution of the lectin into four isolectins whose pIs varied from 5.19 to 5.67. They agglutinated human, goat, hen and mouse erythrocytes, but not those of cow. The more acidic the isolectins, the less active were the erythrocyte agglutination and the more active the stimulation of sheep lymphocytes. Although the general patterns of amino acid composition were similar, characterized by higher contents of aspartic acid, leucine and valine and lack of sulfur-containing amino acids, differences were found in a few amino acids such as phenylalanine, valine and lysine. Each lectin seems to be a tetramer of a 33,000 dalton subunit which is thought to differ in charge from lectin to lectin.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1985

[A pharmacokinetic study of antibiotics in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy].

Twenty cases intravenously received 1 g of cefotetan before the transurethral prostatectomy. High serum and prostatic concentrations were obtained and half-lives were 298 minutes for serum and 250 minutes for the prostate. The mean value of their creatinine clearance was as low as 46.6 ml/min and it was found to be the reason why the serum half-life time was longer than that reported for normal volunteers.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Noninvasive estimates of pulmonary hypertension and study of the etiology of ejection flow velocity profiles].

Flow velocities at the right ventricular outflow tract were recorded for 36 patients including 12 with pulmonary hypertension. Doppler indexes [right ventricular preejection period (RPEP), right ventricular ejection time (RET), right ventricular acceleration time (RAT), RPEP/RET, RET/RAT] were calculated from flow velocity profiles, and noninvasive estimation of pulmonary hypertension was attempted using these indexes. The etiology of ejection flow velocity in pulmonary hypertension was studied using a simulation model. The following results were obtained. RAT shortened proportionately with an increase of pulmonary arterial pressure. RET/RAT correlated most significantly with pulmonary arterial pressure (r = 0.83, p less than 0.001). RET/RAT correlated inversely with stroke volume (SV) (r = -0.48, p less than 0.01); therefore, attention should be paid to SV, when estimating pulmonary arterial pressure, using the value of RET/RAT. The diagnostic value for pulmonary hypertension using RET/RAT was excellent; the predictive accuracy was 100%, sensitivity 75%, and specificity 100%, and it was possible to evaluate pulmonary hypertension using this method. According to the simulation model, an increase of both the pulmonary pulse wave velocity and the reflection of the pulse wave made the interval between the onset and the time of the peak flow velocity shorter. A flow velocity pattern similar to that of pulmonary hypertension was obtained.

Adolescent↗