Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Han

Publications and source records attributed to T Han.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Effects of radiochemotherapy and splenectomy on cellular immunity in long-term survivors of Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Thirty-six patients treated for Hodgkin's disease (HD) or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) who had been in complete remission and off all therapy for greater than two years were examined for evidence of immunosuppression. All patients were found to have marked depression of their lymphocyte blastogenic response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and of their skin test responses. No abnormalities of serum protein or immunoglobulins were found. T cells were significantly lower than normal in patients who had had Hodgkin's disease, but not in those who had had NHL. B cells, on the other hand, were significantly elevated in both groups. Splenectomy elevated the total lymphocyte count, while those who had not had a splenectomy had lower than normal lymphocyte counts. B cells were elevated while T cells tended to be lower in both splenectomy and nonsplenectomy groups, though only in the nonsplenectomized patients did this reach statistical significance. PHA response tended to be higher in patients with less advanced disease and less extensive treatment than in those with more advanced disease and more extensive treatment, although there was no statistically significant difference. Skin test response though, was shown to correlate well with both stage of disease at diagnosis and extent of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Stimulating capacity of blast cells from patients with chronic myelocytic leukaemia, in blastic crisis in 'one-way' mixed lymphoycte reaction: lack of evidence for T lymphoblastic conversion.

It has long been suggested that the blastic transformation in some patients with Ph1-positive chronic myelocytic leukaemia (CML) may be lymphoid in nature. It has recently been postulated that some patients with CML may undergo a T lymphoblastic crisis because the leukaemic blasts from these patients have high terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) activity and that some patients may undergo a non-T/non-B lymphoblastic crisis since leukaemic blasts from a majority of morphologically lymphoid type CML-BC cases react with antiserum specific for non-T/non-B acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The present study shows that leukaemic blasts from each of six patients with Ph1-positive chronic myelocytic leukaemia-blastic crisis (CML-BC) exerted a strong stimulation on allogeneic lymphocytes in 'one-way' mixed lymphocyte reaction. There was no apparent difference in stimulating capacity between morphologically myeloid type (four cases) and lymphoid type (two cases). The stimulating capacity of leukaemic blasts from patients with CML-BC was quite similar to that of blasts from all patients with acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) and from some patients with non-T/non-B type ALL. Leukaemic blasts from a patient with T-cell type ALL and cultured leukaemic T lymphoblastoid cells (2 lines) consistently failed to stimulate while cultured leukaemic null-cells (4 lines) consistently exerted a strong stimulation in 'one-way' mixed lymphocyte reaction. These observations suggest that leukaemic cells from patients with CML-BC, morphologically lymphoblastic type, are not T lymphoblasts although the possibility that these cells are non-T/non-B lymphoblasts cannot be ruled out entirely.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Use of stimulating capacity of mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR-S) as a possible marker for the cell-origin of null-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

The recent introduction of surface marker analysis indicates that the T-cell ALL represents 15--25%, the B-cell ALL represents less than 5% and the null-cell ALL represents more than 70% of cases. The origin of leukaemic null-cells is at present not clear. The present study shows that fresh leukaemic cells from five patients with null-cell ALL exerted a strong stimulating effect while the leukaemic cells from three patients with null-cell ALL failed to stimulate in 'one-way' MLR. Cultured leukaemic cells from three null-cell lines (NALM-16, NALL-1 and MOLT-10) consistently exerted a strong stimulation while leukaemic cells from one null-cell line (REH) exerted little or no stimulation on allogeneic lymphocytes. Leukaemic null-cells from the NALM-,6 line exhibited a lesser but significant stimulation in 'one-way' MLR. These observations lead us to speculate that leukaemic null-cells which possess a stimulating capacity may represent less differentiated leukaemic B lymphoid cells (early B-cell precursors) and leukaemic null-cells which possess no stimulating capacity may represent less differentiated leukaemic T lymphoid cells (early T-cell precursor).

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Unique leukemic non-T/non-B lymphoid cell lines (REH and KM-3): absence of MLR-S and presence of suppressor cell activity for normal T-cell response.

The present study unequivocally demonstrates that leukemic non-T/non-B lymphod cells from three cell lines (NALL-1, NALM-6 and NALM-16) possess a strong stimulating capacity in "one-way" mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR-S), while leukemic cells from two non-T/non-B cell lines (REH and KM-3) possess no MLR-S. It is speculated that leukemic non-T/non-B lymphoid cells with MLR-S may represent less differentiated leukemic B cells and leukemic non-T/B lymphoid cells without MLR-S may represent less differentiated leukemic T cells. The REH or KM-3 cells without MLR-S also act as suppressor cells on normal T lymphocyte response to mitogen and allogeneic cells by secreting a potent suppressor activity. The MOLT-4 leukemic T lymphoid cells with no MLR-S, on the other hand, do not act as suppressor cells on T lymphocyte response. The soluble factor(s) secreted by the REH or KM-3 cell line is non-toxic to T lymphocytes and heat-sensitive. A significant suppression of T lymphocyte response is still observed, even when the active material is only present for one hour prior to the addition of PHA or it is added several days after the beginning of cultures. The biological and physico-chemical nature of this active material has not been defined. Further studies are currently in progress for biological and physico-chemical characterization and isolation of the active material.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Chronic myelocytic leukemia terminating in blast cell crisis with lymphoblastic characteristics.

A child with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), Philadelphia chromosome positive, developed a non-T cell, non-B cell, acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) during her blast cell crisis. The diagnosis was suggested by light microscopy and supported by histochemical stains and transmission electron microscopy. Immunologic studies showed the presence of a non-T, non-B leukemic blast population--indistinguishable from the most common form of ALL (null cell type). Markedly elevated terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) activity was found. The findings support the hypothesis that the primary cell involved in CML is a stem cell with pluripotential characteristics; frequently the blast cell proliferative phase terminates in acute myeloblastic leukemia, but it may also terminate in ALL. The TdT activity may be evidence of leukemic transformation and not necessarily related to the thymic origin of the lymphocytes.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1978

Neuraminidase alteration of human lymphocyte reactivity to mitogens, antigens and allogenic lymphocytes.

Lymphocyte reactivity to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was reduced significantly in whole-blood cultures initiated with nontoxic concentrations of Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (VCN). Reduced responsiveness was not due to degradation or inactivation of PHA by this enzyme, and the reaction was dependent upon the dose and time at which this mitogen and enzyme were added to the cultures. In cultures from some subjects, VCN also inhibited reactivity to concanavalin A. In contrast, lymphocyte reactivity to mitogens from pokeweed or Staphylococcus aureus as well as to antigens or allogeneic lymphocytes was enhanced by VCN. At concentrations required to elicit these effects, VCN itself was not stimulatory.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

T-lymphocyte dependency of B-lymphocyte blastogenic response to phytomitogens.

Human peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes were separated by a method based on the stable rosette formation of T lymphocytes with neuraminidase-treated sheep erythrocytes, followed by centrifugation over a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient. Monocytes were isolated from the T-depleted B lymphocyte preparation by allowing the monocytes to ingest iron particles and by subsequent centrifugation over a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient. The T lymphocytes responded extremely well to PHA and very well to PWM, while the B lymphocytes were unresponsive to either PHA or PWM. However, when the B lymphocytes were cultured together with irradiated autologous or allogeneic T lymphocytes (1:1, 1:2 or 1:4 ratio), both PHA and PWM became mitogenic to B lymphocytes. Irradiated T lymphocytes alone did not respond to either PHA or PWM, indicating that the 3H-thymidine incorporation seen in the mixed-cell culture was due to the activation of unirradiated B lymphocytes. The B lymphocytes failed to respond to these phytomitogens in the presence of lower concentrations of irradiated T lymphocytes. The monocytes were found to be incapable of helping the B lymphocytes to respond to PHA or PWM.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1977

Impaired lymphocyte blastogenic response in patients with colon adenocarcinoma: effects of disease and age.

The in vitro blastogenic response of 76 patients with colon adenocarcinoma and 29 age-matched normal healthy volunteers was compared. An age-related decline in cellular immunocompetence was observed in both the patient and control group. Within each age interval, the patients' blastogenic responses were lower than the controls' and the rate of decline of the blastogenic response in the patient group was greater in magnitude, suggesting that their disease state also contributed to loss of cellular immunocompetence. Thus, both increasing age and presence of tumor are factors that contribute to the decline the immunocompetence in patients with colon adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Lymphoblastogenesis inhibitory factor produced by human lung cancer cell lines.

A comparative study of the inhibitory effect of cell-free supernatants (CFS) from human lung cancer cell lines (ChaGo and PC-1) and from a human embryo fibroblast cell line on lymphocyte blastogenesis indicated that both lung cancer cell lines produce a large amount of the inhibitory factor while the production of such a factor from a control noncancer cell line is essentially very minimal or absent. The inhibitory effect of CFS of the lung cancer cell lines is not due to direct cytotoxicity. The inhibitory effect is found to be partially sensitive to heat treatment. A significant inhibition is still seen, even when the CFS of the lung cancer cell lines were present for 1 hour prior to the addition of phytohemagglutinin (PHA).

Cell Line↗
PubMed1977

Establishment and characterization of leukemic T-cell lines, B-cell lines, and null-cell line: a progress report on surface antigen study of fresh lymphatic leukemias in man.

Permanent human hematopoietic cell lines representing T-cell, B-cell and non T/non B (null-cell) leukemia have been established. Comparative analyses were made for their phenotype characteristics. A number of characteristics common within the 7 T-cell lines studied or distinct from other leukemia-type lines were described. Usefulness, validity and limitation of these findings are discussed in connection to the attempt at classification of ALL, CLL and blastic phase of CML. The great majority of CLL were SmIg+-B-cell leukemia and a single case of T-cell CLL was documented. Except 10% as T-cell ALL and a single case of B-cell ALL, the majority of ALL were found to be the non T/non B ALL. Nevertheless, little evidence was suggested from the present study in favor for a notion that the T-cell ALL and the non T/non B ALL are two distinct diseases.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1976

Thoracic duct cannulation in a patient with lung cancer.

Previously the authors demonstrated limited effectiveness of tumor specific active immunotherapy adjunct to radical surgery in patients with lung cancer. In order to improve the therapeutic effectiveness, a patient with inoperable lung carcinoma was treated with a radical surgery, tumor vaccination, and "unblocking procedures" which consisted of splenectomy and throacic duct canulation. In vitro studies demonstrated the evidence of sensitization of the patient against his own tumor, removal of blocking factor by the thoracic duct fistual from the circulation.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1976

Inhibition of mixed lymphocyte reaction by thoracic duct lymph: removal of inhibitory effect by thoracic duct drainage in lung cancer.

The inhibitory effect of the thoracic duct lymph of a patient with lung cancer on the "one-way" mixed lymphocyte reaction without cytoxicity is unequivocally demonstrated. The effect seems to be dose related. A moderate inhibition of mixed lymphocyte reaction is still observed, even if the responding cells are preincubated in the thoracic duct lymph for 1 hr only prior to the addition of stimulating cells. The inhibitory effect of thoracic duct lymph on the mixed lymphocyte reaction is no longer evident when the material is added 1-4 days after the beginning of culture. These observations suggest that the mechanism of the inhibitory effect of thoracic duct lymph may be a simple attachment of inhibitory factors to the receptor sites on the responding lymphocytes, causing interference in cell to cell interaction. The inhibitory effect of thoracic duct lymph collected 1 week after the thoracic duct drainage on mixed lymphocyte reaction is significantly lower than that of thoracic duct lymph collected at the beginning of the procedure. This indicates that the blocking effect of thoracic duct lymph can be easily removed by this technique; which is technically feasible in man. The interrelationship of the tumor-specific blocking factor, thoracic duct drainage, and tumor growth pattern are discussed with respect to the potential usefulness of this procedure as adjuvant immunotherapy in the management of patients with neoplastic diseases.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1976

Enhanced E- and EAC-rosette formation by neuraminidase.

Pre-treatment by neuraminidase of lymphocytes obtained from peripheral blood of normal donors significantly enhanced E- and EAC-rosette formation. Of other lymphoid cells only spleen cells showed significant enhancement of E-rosettes. The EAC-rosettes slightly increased when the peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or chronic lymphocytic leukemia and MOLT-4 lymphoid cells were pre-treated with this enzyme. The EAC-rosettes were not increased by neuraminidase treatment of phytohemagglutinin-induced blasts, thymus cells or spleen cells. Pre-treatment of peripheral blood lymphocytes with neuraminidase also increased the proportion of stable E-rosettes resistant to incubation at 37 degrees C and to vigorous shaking. Various concentrations of neuraminidase (1-100 U/ml) produced enhancement of E- and EAC-rosettes with the highest activity at 25 and 50 U/ml. Neuraminidase treatment of sheep red blood cells failed to increase the proportion of E-rosettes of peripheral blood lymphocytes. The increased rosette forming capacity induced by neuraminidase is probably related to changes in lymphocyte surface properties.

Complement System Proteins↗
PubMed1976

T- and B-lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: correlation with clinical and immunologic status of the disease.

T- and B-lymphocyte count were correlated with clinical and immunologic status of 59 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The mean total T-cell count was slightly lower than normal in patients in complete remission, within normal limits in those in partial remission, and significantly higher in those with active disease. The mean total B-cell count, however, was slightly elevated in patients in complete remission and those in partial remission, and markedly elevated in those with active disease. The T-cell count correlated well with the duration of disease in patients in remission: The mean count was within normal range in those patients with disease of less than 3 years, whereas for those patients with disease of 3-12 years, a significant reduction was observed. The T-cell count was well correlated with the status of skin test response of patients with either complete or partial remission; the B-cell count did not correlate with immunoglobulin levels in patients with this disease.

Adult↗