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Biomedical subjects

T Hamaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Hamaguchi.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Acute haemodynamic effect of taurine on hearts in vivo with normal and depressed myocardial function.

The acute haemodynamic effects of taurine were studied in normal and in beta blocker (propranolol) or calcium antagonist (diltiazem) treated rabbits and in rabbits with experimentally produced chronic aortic regurgitation. The administration of taurine (25 mg.kg-1) did not affect heart rate and left ventricular end diastolic pressure but produced significant increases in left ventricular dP/dtmax, cardiac output, and left ventricular systolic pressure in control hearts, indicating that intravascularly administered taurine substantially increased cardiac performance. In propranolol (1 mg.kg-1) treated rabbits taurine significantly improved left ventricular dP/dtmax and cardiac output, which were previously depressed by propranolol. Taurine had the same effect on diltiazem (1 mg.kg-1) treated rabbits. In rabbits with aortic regurgitation a bolus injection of taurine improved cardiac performance. Continuous infusion of taurine (100 mg.h-1) also produced a significant increase in left ventricular dP/dtmax. These results suggest that taurine has a unique action as an inotropic agent and that it may be useful in the treatment of patients with congestive heart failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effects of food on absorption of mefenamic acid from two commercial capsules differing in bioavailability under the fasting state.

The influence of food on the bioavailability of mefenamic acid from two commercial capsules (products A and B) differing in bioavailability was studied with four healthy male volunteers. The drug was administered as a single oral dose of 250 mg under fasting and nonfasting conditions. The study used a 4 X 4 Latin-square design. Seven blood samples were collected over a 9-h period following administration and the plasma concentrations of mefenamic acid were determined by a high performance liquid chromatographical method. The bioavailability was significantly different between the two products in the fasting condition, agreeing with the result of an in vitro dissolution study. However, in the nonfasting state, the difference was not significant because the product showing poor bioavailability, product A, in the nonfasting state showed marked improvement. On the other hand, the product showing good bioavailability, product B, was not affected by food.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Male infertility with chromosomal abnormalities. II. XX-male syndrome].

We report two cases of the XX-male syndrome, and review the literature. The first case was a 31-year-old married man, a welder, complaining of infertility. His height was 158 cm, weight 82 kg and distance of extended hand 155 cm. The external genitalia showed a normal male type, but bilateral small testes and gynecomastia were noticed. The second case was a 32-year-old married man, a shopkeeper, complaining of infertility. His height was 165 cm, weight 60 kg and distance of extended hand 167 cm. No gynecomastia was noted. The external genitalia showed a normal male type, but bilateral small testes were noticed. In each case, azoospermia was identified in semen analysis. Urethrography revealed the prostatic utricle in the second case. The testicular biopsy specimens revealed hyalinization of seminiferous tubules and proliferation of Leydig cells. X chromatin was positive in buccal smears, and Y chromatin negative in cultured lymphocytes. Chromosomal analysis showed 46, XX karyotype in the first case and 46, XXp+ in the second case. H-Y antigen was positive in each case. Basal serum levels of LH and FSH were moderately elevated and the serum testosterone level was low. Serum levels of PRL, TSH, estradiol, GH, T3 and T4 were normal. An impaired response by testicular Leydig cells to hCG was observed. The LH and FSH responses to LH-RH were almost normal. Clomiphene citrate administration resulted in a decrease in the serum testosterone and gonadotropins levels. These results indicate hypergonadotropic hypogonadism secondary to testicular failure in both XX-males. Twenty-six cases of the XX-male syndrome have been cited in the Japanese literature. The clinical features and etiology of this syndrome are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Bioavailability of mefenamic acid: influence of food and water intake.

The influence of food and water intake on mefenamic acid (N-2,3-xylylanthranilic acid) bioavailability from commercial capsules of high bioavailability was studied in four healthy male volunteers. The drug was administered as a single oral dose of 250 mg, under fasting or nonfasting conditions, and a 4 X 4 Latin-square design was used. Eight blood samples were collected over a 24-h period following drug administration, and the drug plasma concentrations were determined by HPLC. The bioavailability of mefenamic acid from capsules was markedly influenced in the fasting subjects by the water but not by the food intake. A good correlation was found between the bioavailability and amount of water ingested with the drug in the fasting subjects. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-infinity) of mefenamic acid was highest when the capsule was taken with 50 mL of water or immediately after a meal. Increasing the amount of water from 50 to 500 mL in the fasting subjects caused a significant reduction in AUC0-infinity.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Beneficial effect of taurine in rabbits with chronic congestive heart failure.

To examine the effect of daily treatment with taurine on improving the status of congestive heart failure (CHF), we used rabbits with artificially induced aortic regurgitation. Ten rabbits were treated daily with taurine (100 mg/kg by mouth) and eight with guanidinoethyl sulfonate (GES) (100 mg/kg by mouth) immediately after induction of aortic regurgitation. The cumulative mortality rate at 8 weeks in the taurine-treated CHF group was 10% (1 of 10) compared with 53% (16 of 30) in the nontreated CHF group and 75% (6 of 8) in the GES-treated CHF group (p less than 0.05). Although cardiac function (max dP/dt) in CHF rabbits was significantly decreased (p less than 0.001), taurine-treated CHF rabbits maintained the same values as control rabbits. Taurine content of the left ventricular tissue of the CHF rabbits was significantly increased (p less than 0.01). Administration of taurine and GES to control rabbits for 8 weeks affected neither the hemodynamics nor the taurine content of the heart. It was concluded that taurine slowed the rapid progression of heart failure and consequently prolonged life expectancy.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[A case of bladder tumor with brain metastasis].

We report a case of bladder tumor with multiple metastases including the brain. Bladder tumor is the most common malignancy in uroepithelial tumor, but brain metastasis from bladder tumor is extremely rare. Since 1970 only 8 cases have been reported in Japan. The literature was reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Study of sperm fertilizing ability in male infertility using the zona free hamster egg penetration assay].

Zona free hamster egg-sperm penetration assay (SPA) was performed on 50 normal fertile men and 58 infertile men. The median penetrating rate was 68% (13%-100%) for the fertile men and 11% (0-100%) for the infertile men. These existed no clear relationship between SPA and any other sperm parameters. SPA showed the best diagnostic rate (72.4%) for male infertility, which was evaluated by the 95% specificity threshold values of normal males. Therefore, SPA is best correlated with male impregnating ability. On the contrary, the infertile diagnostic rate of sperm density was relatively low (36.8%). SPA was also carried out on male partners of unexplained infertility couples, and 8 out of 36 (22%) showed decreased sperm penetration rate (less than 10%). In these couples, the deterioration of fertilizing ability was thought to be one of the causative factors of infertility.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Therapeutic effect of taurine in congestive heart failure: a double-blind crossover trial.

In a double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled study, we investigated the effects of adding taurine to the conventional treatment in 14 patients with congestive heart failure for a 4-week period. Compared with placebo, taurine significantly improved the New York Heart Association functional class (p less than 0.02), pulmonary crackles (p less than 0.02), and chest film abnormalities (p less than 0.01). A benefit of taurine over placebo was demonstrated when an overall treatment response for each patient was evaluated on the basis of clinical examination (p less than 0.05). No patient worsened during taurine administration, but four patients did during placebo. Pre-ejection period (corrected for heart rate) decreased from 148 +/- 14 ms before taurine treatment to 137 +/- 12 ms after taurine (p less than 0.001), and the quotient pre-ejection period/left ventricular ejection time decreased from 47 +/- 9 to 42 +/- 8% (p less than 0.001). Side effects did not occur in the patients during taurine. The results indicate that addition of taurine to conventional therapy is safe and effective for the treatment of patients with congestive heart failure.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical study on tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in gastric cancer].

We evaluated whether assay of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in the serum ia valuable for the determination of cancer stages compared to other tumor markers such as CEA, AFP, and ferritin. The study population consisted of 79 gastric cancer patients and 212 patients with benign gastroenteric disease. The percentage of positive cases for TPA (higher than 200u/l) was 41% in gastric cancer and 20% in active peptic ulcer. Serum TPA levels in well differentiated carcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma were higher than that in other histological types. Serum TPA levels correlated well with the stage of the gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Male infertility with chromosomal abnormalities. I. XYY syndrome].

Chromosomal abnormalities are found in a considerably high percentage of cases of male infertility, in particular azoospermia. We report a case of the XYY syndrome and review the literature. A 36-year-old man, a factory hand, presented with infertility. He was safely delivered at term as a fourth child when his father was 41 years old and his mother 38. He had no delinquent or criminal record. His height was 179 cm, weight 75 kg and distance of extended hands 184 cm. No gynecomastia was noticed. Both testes were 8ml in size and growth of pubic hair and penis were normal. Severe oligozoospermia was identified in semen analysis. Seminal vesiculography showed pathological dilatation of the seminal vas end. The testicular biopsy specimens revealed spermatogenic arrest for the most part. Chromosomal analysis showed 47, XYY karyotype; and, two Y-chromatin was revealed in cultured lymphocytes. Though plasma gonadotropin levels were high, testosterone, estradiol, prolactin, TSH, GH, T3 and T4 levels were within normal limits. Pituitary reserve function for secreting gonadotropins and Leydig cell reserve function to secrete testosterone have been found to be almost normal.

Adult↗