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Biomedical subjects

T Hamada

Publications and source records attributed to T Hamada.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Effect of medical vagotomy on the CDDP induced nausea and vomiting evaluated by the chemotherapy-vomiting time (CV time)].

Twenty-eight patients with gynecologic malignancies receiving combination chemotherapy containing cisplatin (80 mg/m2) entered into a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of medical vagotomy for acute cisplatin-induced emesis. Medical vagotomy consisted of 0.5 mg of atropine and 50 mg of hexamethonium bromide, and was injected three times at two hour intervals intramuscularly. A good antiemetic effect (no emesis during the 24 hours after cisplatin administration) was obtained in 40% (6/15) of patients with medical vagotomy but in 0% (0/13) in controlled cases. The time free of vomiting after cisplatin injection (CV time) was statistically prolonged in patients with medical vagotomy (805 +/- 563 min.) when compared with controlled cases (148 +/- 70 min.) (p less than 0.01). Toxicities with medical vagotomy were slight; mild hypotension and dimness of vision only. Individual differences in responding to medical vagotomy were investigated by the acetaminophen method, which showed that high and low responded cases were among these tested patients who had undergone medical vagotomy. In conclusion, medical vagotomy has an excellent antiemetic effect on acute cisplatin-induced emesis without notable side effects. If combined with other antiemetics, a much better antiemetic effect can be expected.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1988

[Relationship between peritoneal cytology and prognosis in endometrial carcinomas].

From 1971 to 1985, peritoneal cytologic examination was performed at the time of operation in 235 previously untreated patients with endometrial carcinoma. The relationship between the cytologic findings and prognoses by stage was investigated. The results were as follows: 1. In the peritoneal cytologic examination, 44 (18.7%) out of 235 cases were positive for cancer cells in all stages, 25 (14.5%) out of 173 cases in stage I, 7 (21.2%) out of 33 cases in stage II, and 8 (32.0%) out of 25 cases in stage III. 2. Among the 20 cases of stage I endometrial carcinoma that had no macroscopic metastasis and had positive peritoneal cytologic findings for cancer cells, 5- and 10-year cumulative survival rates were 94.7 and 94.7%, against 92.7% and 90.9% in cases with negative peritoneal cytology respectively. The recurrence rate in the same stage was 12.0% for positive cases, against 9.5% for negative cases. No significant differences between positive and negative cases were found. 3. In stages II and III, the difference between the survival rates for 9 cases which have positive peritoneal cytology without macroscopic peritoneal metastasis and 47 cases with negative peritoneal cytology were not statistically significant. 4. In endometrial carcinoma without macroscopic peritoneal metastasis, the appearance of cancer cells in peritoneal cytologic examination is not correlated with the prognosis.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1988

[Significance of preoperative diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma by angio-CT].

Angio computed tomography (CT) was performed in 87 previously untreated patients with endometrial carcinoma to study its clinical usefulness. All the patients subsequently underwent surgery and the angio CT findings were correlated with the surgical and pathologic findings. The results were as follows: 1. The tumor appeared as areas of low density in comparison with the surrounding myometrium after intraarterial infusion of contrast medium. 2. Angio CT proved to be useful in determining the depth of myometrial invasion. The myometrial invasion measured from the serosal surface in millimeters was assessed on angio CT. The CT findings were correlated well with pathologic findings. 3. Patients with intact myometrium greater than 10mm from the serosal surface assessed by angio CT had no nodal metastases. Angio CT provides a better display of cross-sectional uterine pathology than CT after intravenous infusion of contrast medium. The depth of myometrial invasion measured from the serosa on angio CT seems to be a useful prognostic factor in patients with endometrial carcinoma.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Renal toxicity by intraperitoneal administration of CDDP].

Renal toxicity following intraperitoneal (ip) CDDP therapy after laparotomy in twenty patients with ovarian cancer was examined. Four patients had renal toxicity. Patients who received CDDP at a dose of 150 mg (2/2) had a statistically higher incidence of toxicity than those who received less than 100 mg (2/18) (p less than 0.05). Patients who underwent ip therapy on the same day as laparotomy had a statistically higher incidence of the toxicity (4/15) than those underwent it on the fourth day after (0/5) (p less than 0.05). Renal toxicity was revealed in the mean urine volume of 1,100 ml on the day of therapy, but the toxicity did not appeared in those with a mean urine volume of 2,131 ml, whose volume was statistically different (p less than 0.01). These data suggest maintenance of renal blood flow during CDDP treatment plays an important role in preventing renal toxicity even following ip therapy. By investigating preoperative laboratory data, it is seen that patients with FDP values higher than 32 micrograms/ml have a higher risk of renal toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Significance of total hysterectomy in uterine cervical cancer persistent in the uterine cervix after radiotherapy].

Radiation therapy is an important means for treating advanced cases of cervical cancer. There are cases, however, in which cancer cells persist even after treatment has been completed. We in the Department of Gynecology at the Cancer Institute Hospital actively performed total hysterectomies in such patients with no distant metastases and no extension of the parametrial induration to the pelvic wall, and obtained favorable results. In the present study, the clinical stage, histological type, degree of removal of involved tissue, and relationship between the prognosis and the maximum diameter of the tumor in the extirpated uterus were examined in 28 patients with advanced cervical cancer treated during the thirty-year period from 1957 to 1986. The following results were obtained: 1. The clinical stage and histological type of the cancer prior to radiation therapy did not significantly affect the prognosis after total hysterectomy. 2. The 3-year survival rate for the patients in whom all involved tissue could be removed was 81.0 percent. In contrast, all those in whom complete removal was impossible survived less than 3 years, despite additional therapy. 3. Prognosis was better in the patients who had tumors with a maximum diameter of less than 2 cm than in those who had tumors with a maximum diameter of 2 cm or more (p less than 0.05). 4. Patients in whom all involved tissue could be removed and in whom the maximum diameter of the tumor was less than 2 cm had a good prognoses, with 88.9 percent surviving at least 3 years after surgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Clinical improvement after administration of coenzyme Q10 in a patient with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy.

In a patient with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes [MELAS] who had normal mitochondrial enzyme activity, high doses of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) were administered. Clinical improvement with decreased serum lactate and pyruvate levels was observed. Though the mechanism of action of CoQ is not known, a trial is worthwhile in patients with MELAS.

Acidosis, Lactic↗
PubMed1987

Syringomyelic syndrome: clinical features in 31 cases confirmed by CT myelography or magnetic resonance imaging.

The clinical features of 31 cases of syringomyelic syndrome, confirmed by metrizamide CT myelography (CTM) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were analysed. Bilateral suspended sensory disturbance, previously regarded as a characteristic feature, was encountered in only 2 cases (6.5%). Thirteen patients (41.9%) showed no motor deficits of the upper limbs and 7 patients (22.6%) did not have weakness or atrophy in any of the four extremities. Cervical segmental signs were absent in 7 cases (22.6%) and in 2 (6.5%) signs were only present in the lower limbs. Scoliosis and foot deformity, such as pes cavus or equinovarus, were seen in 17 (54.8%) and 5 cases (16.1%) respectively. These skeletal abnormalities were initial symptoms in some childhood cases. In syringomyelic syndrome, clinical features are variable with many atypical clinical manifestations, apart from the previously recognized characteristic clinical features.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Small hepatocellular carcinoma visualized with technetium-99m(Sn)-N-pyridoxyl-5-methyltryptophan.

We report a case of small hepatocellular carcinoma depicted by 99mTc-PMT scintigraphy. On the X-ray computed tomogram there was no visualization of a SOL in the liver. Ultrasonography showed a hyperechoic mass of less than 2 cm in diameter in the left lateral segment of the liver. In the image obtained at 3 hr after 99mTc-PMT injection there was an area of markedly increased activity. When the surgery, left lateral segmentectomy of the liver, was performed more than 2 months later, the tumor had enlarged to 2.5 x 2.0 x 1.5 cm in size. 99mTc-PMT may prove to be useful for scintigraphic localization of small hepatocellular carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1987

Neural response to the motion of textures in the lateral suprasylvian area of cats.

Neural response to the motion of visual texture was studied in the lateral suprasylvian area of anesthetized and immobilized cats. We used two types of texture: random noise (a Julesz pattern) and random stripes (parallel bars with random spacings). Among 152 neurons studied 73% responded to the motion of texture, and among these neurons 61% preferred the noise to the stripes. Textures with pixels between 1.6 degree and 4.8 degrees were most effective. Directional tuning of each neuron was usually wider to the noise than to the stripes. The neurons preferred lateral-downward directions of stimulation more often than the other directions. Possible involvement of the neurons in visually guided behaviors, such as optokinetic nystagmus, was discussed.

Animals↗