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Biomedical subjects

T Hamada

Publications and source records attributed to T Hamada.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Temporal minor slow and sharp activity in psychiatric patients.

TMSSA was found in 51 (4.7%) of 1091 psychiatric patients, with a higher incidence found in the older group (40 years of age or over). Although TMSSA was found in various disorders, a close association with cerebrovascular dementia was suggested. It was uncommon in patients with primary degenerative dementia. No increase of TMSSA was noted in cerebrovascular disorders without dementia. TMSSA was found fairly often in patients with affective disorders, neurosis, and other functional disorders, suggesting underlying mild cerebral dysfunction in some. TMSA, a variant of TMSSA, was very similar to TMSSA except for its greater frequency in cerebrovascular disorders without dementia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[In vitro metabolism of an antiallergic agent, emedastine difumarate, in rats and guinea pigs].

In order to clarify the interspecies differences in the metabolism of emedastine difumarate (KG-2413), in vitro metabolism was studied with liver preparations of rats and guinea pigs. The activities of hydroxylase, N-oxidase and N-demethylase, of emedastine were evaluated with liver 9000 x g supernatant and microsomes. As the results, the orders of activities were as follows; 5-hydroxylase greater than or equal to N-oxidase greater than 6-hydroxylase greater than N-demethylase in rats, and N-oxidase much greater than N-demethylase greater than 6-hydroxylase greater than 5-hydroxylase in guinea pigs. Emedastine N-oxide, little excreted into the urine of rats, was largely formed in vitro, so it was assumed that N-oxide reduction was important in vivo. The reductase activity of emedastine N-oxide was evaluated, and compared with N-oxidase activity of emedastine. In rats, the reductase activity was nearly equal to the N-oxidase activity, and relatively high even under aerobic conditions. On the other hand, in guinea pigs, the reductase activity was lower than the N-oxidase activity. It was considered that relative activities of the N-oxidation of tertiary amine in a 1,4-diazepine ring of emedastine and the reduction of N-oxide once formed were one of the factors of interspecies differences of metabolism of emedastine in rats and guinea pigs.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Determination of specific activity of cobalt (60Co/Co) in steel samples exposed to the atomic bomb in Hiroshima.

Specific activity 60Co/Co in two steel samples taken at 687m S and 1295m NNW from the hypocenter was measured by gamma-ray spectrometry and neutron activation analysis. The results were, respectively, (2.64 +/- 0.38) x 10(1) and (3.09 +/- 0.48) x 10(-1) dpm/mg Co at the time of bombing, which are consistent with previous data by Hashizume et al. for steel rings on the surface of roofs of buildings. The present data are expected to serve as verification of the bomb neutron transport calculations. Content of nickel and copper in the samples, determined by colorimetric and neutron activation methods, respectively, was too small to account for any significant 60Co production by the (n,p) and (n, alpha) reactions.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical survey on denture stomatitis. 2. The relation between the maintenance of denture and denture stomatitis].

A previous study suggested that denture plaque played an etiologic role in denture stomatitis. In daily practice, it is important to instruct denture wearers about denture plaque control. In this study, the major areas of investigation were the degree of denture stomatitis and denture plaque, denture hygiene habits, wearing habits and age of present denture. 643 patients wearing dentures (1981-1988) were selected, from 47 to 91 years old. The following results were obtained. 1. About 50 percent of the 643 patients used brush for cleaning their dentures. The number of people wearing dentures during sleep was fewer than those who preferred removal of dentures during sleep. 2. Soaking dentures in denture cleanser reduced the degree of denture stomatitis and denture plaque. 3. The patients wearing dentures during sleep showed much more occurrence of denture stomatitis than those who had not that habit. 4. Denture stomatitis occurred frequently with increasing the age of the present denture. The present results indicate that the occurrence of denture stomatitis is closely related to the quality of the maintenance of denture.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Change of number of oral Candida species by tongue brushing].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of tongue brushing on the change of oral Candida species. Among the tongue brushing programs for 50 days, 5 subjects wearing dentures were measured the number of Candida species at tongue, denture and denture bearing mucosa and in oral rinsing. The following results were obtained. 1. After the tongue brushing program, the number of Candida species at tongue and in oral rinsing decreased significantly. 2. The tongue brushing with denture plaque control decreased in number of Candida species at denture more effectively than without denture plaque control. 3. The number of Candida species at denture bearing mucosa decreased by tongue brushing. 4. It seemed that the tongue brushing was effective to prevent denture stomatitis caused by denture plaque.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Serum levels of 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol during the normal and diabetic pregnancy and puerperium.

In 25 normally non-pregnant women, 543 normally pregnant women and 75 pregnant women with diabetes mellitus or gestational diabetes mellitus, the relationship between the serum concentration of 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (1-deoxy-glucose) and carbohydrate metabolism was studied. The concentration of 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol was estimated by means of gas-liquid chromatography. In normally non-pregnant women the concentration was found to be 18.6 +/- 5.2 mg/l (mean +/- SD). During the normal pregnancy, from 9 weeks of gestation, a steadily decreasing concentration was observed as the pregnancy progressed and the lowest value (10.2 +/- 4.6 mg/l) was found in the third trimester. After 5 days of puerperium the concentrations were found to be 10.8 +/- 3.7 mg/l. On the 30th day postpartum, the level was within the range for non-pregnant subjects. The values in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus were mostly below 10 mg/l throughout the entire pregnant period. The 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol concentration was not affected by meals or oral glucose loading. A concentration below 10 mg/l was found in 36% of the normally pregnant women, where oral glucose tolerance tests and measurement of glycohemoglobin were shown to be within the normal range. The present study suggests that a change of 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol level during pregnancy may reflect a mild alteration of carbohydrate metabolism that goes undetected by all the other diabetic indicators.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1990

Contraction phenomenon of type I collagen gel by melanoma cells.

In order to study the interaction between melanoma cells and collagen, B16 murine melanoma cells were embedded and cultured in type I collagen gel. Melanoma cells cultured in the collagen gel became elongated, as compared with those cultured on plastic, and some of them assumed a dendritic form. The gel contracted very slowly but steadily during culturing of melanoma cells, as in the experiment using fibroblasts. On the 20th day of culture the area of the gel accounted for only 32% of that when culture started. This contraction was enhanced by retinoic acid, which is known to induce cell differentiation. The contractility of the gel differed between various lines of melanoma cells. The present observations raise the possibility of interaction between melanoma cells and type I collagen.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Correlation between ageing and collagen gel contractility of human fibroblasts.

To investigate the influence of ageing on wound healing, we cultured fibroblasts derived from human dermis in type I collagen gel, and evaluated the relationship between gel contractility and ageing. Cells were obtained from children (0-15 years old, Group A), early adulthood (16-40 years old, Group B), mid-adulthood (41-60 years old, Group C), and the elderly (61 or older, Group D). Gel contractility was determined by measuring the diameter on the second day after gel preparation. Within the tenth passage, gel contraction was the most marked in Group A, but did not differ among the other groups. Gel contraction at passages 30-40 did not differ from those within the tenth passage in Groups B, C and D, but it decreased markedly in Group A to a value similar to that in the other groups. These results show that fibroblasts in childhood are more contractile than those in adulthood and are more readily affected by passages (in vitro ageing).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Possible formation of cutaneous amyloid from degenerative collagen fibers. Ultrastructural collagen changes and the immunoreactivity of cutaneous amyloidosis employing anti-type I, III, IV, V collagen antibodies.

The origins of primary cutaneous amyloid have been investigated and several possibilities are proposed. We investigated here several cases by electron microscopy and found in all cases characteristic filamentous changes which were identical with amyloid structures in the collagen bundles. These observations suggested a possible pathway of cutaneous amyloid formation from degenerative collagen fibers. Further studies were performed using immunoelectron microscopical and immunohistochemical methods employing a panel of anti-collagen antibodies to examine the reactivity of amyloid to them. Our results were much more suggestive of the collagen origin of this kind of amyloid.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical study of a family affected with HLA-linked hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia].

The gene locus of hereditary olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) has been mapped to the short arm of chromosome 6. This locus has been termed as SCA 1 and it is linked to HLA locus. Linkage for OPCA locus to HLA was first been reported by Yakura et al. We had a chance to re-investigate the original family reported by them. Among the members affected, 6 cases were autopsied and their clinical and pathological features were reported by Fujimoto et al. Kudoh et al, and Ikeda. We clinically studied 2 additional patients in this pedigree. The clinical features of these patients, including 6 previously reported cases, were characterized by 1) cerebellar ataxia predominating throughout clinical course; 2) pyramidal tract involvement, characterized by pathological reflexes, with hyper-reflexia or terminal hyporeflexia; 3) generalized muscle atrophy; 4) slow eye movement; 5) facial and tongue atrophy; 6) optic disc pallor; 7) terminal external ophthalmoparesis; 8) mydriasis and sluggish light reflex; 9) mild peripheral neuropathy; 10) mild reduction of deep sense; 11) bulbar symptom; 12) emotional lability, irritation, or euphoria dominating terminally. Clinically, there are certain similarities between this pedigree and other reported pedigrees of which linkage for OPCA locus to HLA have been proved. Furthermore, clinico-pathological reports of hereditary OPCA showing slow eye movement share numbers of clinical characteristics observed in the patients of this pedigree. Accumulating linkage data suggest that hereditary OPCA might be heterogenous disorder genetically. Whether there are any correlation between linkage data and clinico-pathological findings is essential to establish disease entities, and to re-classify hereditary OPCA and its related disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Measurement of immunoreactive endothelin-1 in plasma of a patient with malignant hemangioendothelioma].

We measured immunoreactive endothelin-1 in plasma of a patient with malignant hemangioendothelioma. A 74-year-old female first visited our clinic in July, 1989. Physical examination revealed reddish nodule measured 4 x 5 x 1 cm and erythematous plaque with erosion on her scalp. A biopsy specimen showed extensive proliferation of atypical tumor cells intermingled with a large number of capillary vessels in dermis. Some of tumor cells were positively stained for factor VIII related antigen by PAP method. From these findings we diagnosed malignant hemangioendothelioma and resected the tumor on August 3. The measurement of immunoreactive endothelin-1 in plasma was performed by radio-immunoassay on August 2 (before operation), October 20 and December 27 (after operation). The results were 16.2, 4.3 and 5.6 pg/ml, respectively (normal range: 0.5 +/- 0.2 pg/ml). Plasma endothelin-1 level may be run parallel to quantity of tumor cells in malignant hemangioendothelioma.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Noncontact and noninvasive microwave biological measurements].

Without contact probes, the signals of small human body surface movements were obtained with microwave Doppler sensors using a two-phase interferometric method. The signals were then compared with mechanocardiographic records routinely obtained by contact transducers. Furthermore, this system was applied to patients wearing clothes. The study subjects consisted of 20 cardiac patients and 10 normal controls. 1. The microwave signals obtained in the cervical and precordial regions were similar to those of the mechanocardiographic recordings, such as the carotid pulse and jugular venous pulse tracings and the apexcardiogram. There was a significant correlation between left ventricular ejection time (LVET) obtained by microwave Doppler sensors and that by the carotid pulse tracing (r = 0.95). 2. The signals of the microwave Doppler sensor were obtained from the patients wearing clothes. The heart beat components were distinguished from respiratory motion and patients' movements using band-pass filters. These results suggest that this method is capable of evaluating cardiac function noninvasively and thus has a distinct advantage in the field of non-contact measurements.

Heart Function Tests↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of UFT administration in patients with ovarian cancer who had no evidence of disease after the initial therapy].

Twenty nine patients with ovarian cancer of common epitherial origin who had no evidence of disease proved by computed tomography after the initial operation and chemotherapy were studied. The patients were randomized into two groups; (A) administration of UFT (1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil mixed with uracil) orally at a daily dose of 300 mg, 12 cases, (B) no further therapy, 17 cases. The therapeutic efficacy of UFT was assessed pathologically at the second look laparotomy (SLL). Plasma levels of 5-FU, tegafur and uracil were determined once a month to check whether patients intake UFT regularly or not. There were no significant difference in the mean age, in the distribution of numbers of patients in FIGO stage and histological cell type, in the mean total doses of CDDP and doxorubicin given at the initial chemotherapy [CDDP: (A) 352 +/- 152 mg, (B) 464 +/- 192 mg, doxorubicin: (A) 118 +/- 76 mg, (B) 119 +/- 92 mg] and in the duration between the initial operation and the SLL [(A) 484 +/- 154 days, (B) 414 +/- 274 days] between the two groups. The mean periods in the administration of UFT were 484.3 +/- 154 days. Recurrence was identified at the SLL in 1 case (8.3%) at paraaortic lymph nodes in (A) and 3 cases (17.6%) at the mesenterium, cul-de-sac and ascitic fluids in (B). No significant difference of recurrence ratio was observed between the two. Further long-term observation is required to assess the advantage of administration of UFT.

Administration, Oral↗