Biomedical subjects

T Hald

Publications and source records attributed to T Hald.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMed1978

Vesicostomy--an alternative urine diversion operation. Long term results.

Seven patients were treated by the Schlegel-Mobley version of the vesicostomy. Six had neurogenic bladder and one an inoperable carcinoma of the urethra. There were no immediate complications. Urine collection from the stoma functioned satisfactorily, but stenosis of the stoma developed in three patients. The upper urinary tract was improved except in one debilitated patient, who had renal calculi already at the time of operation. Dilatation of the bladder remnant is a problem. Urinary infection was not positively influenced. It is concluded, that the operation is not ideal, but provided the patient is left with a small capacity of the bladder remnant and meticulous stomal care is given, the method can be recommended for limited use in chronically debilitated patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

Bladder function in healthy elderly males.

Bladder function was studied in 20 healthy elderly male volunteers using cystometry, uroflowmetry and voiding cystourethrography. Two persons were excluded from the study as neurological examination had shown evidence of organic neurological disease, and one person did not complete the study. 53% of the remaining 17 persons had detrusor hyperreflexia. Urinary flow rates were reduced and maximal intravesical pressures elevated in the persons studied, although they claimed to have a normal voiding pattern. No correlation was found between the reduction of urinary flow rate respectively increase in maximal intravesical pressure and the presence of detrusor hyperreflexia. The high incidence of detrusor reflex disturbances thus suggests that incipient infravesical obstruction in old age and possible subclinical impairment of the central nervous control of the micturition reflex are major etiological factors in detrusor hyperreflexia.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1976

Neurological disorders and detrusor hyperreflexia.

In 152 consecutively selected patients with detrusor hyperreflexia (DH) 96 (63 per cent) had neurological disorders. Thirty-two patients did not show any primary neurological or urological cause for DH. This group was chosen to elucidate the evaluation of possible neurological symptoms in relation to the urological symptomatology. Nine had died and one failed to appear to the neurological examination. Twelve (63 per cent) of the 22 examined patients showed signs of lesions in different parts of the central nervous system, particularly cerebrovascular diseases and myeloneuropathy. Six had had neurological symptoms for years. In two the urological symptoms were first to appear. In the group with no neurological complaints the urological symptoms had existed for 2-30 years. No essential difference was found in the degree of voiding disturbance whether or not neurological signs were disclosed. It is concluded that the discovery of DH should be followed by a neurological examination to disclose further signs of lesions in CNS. Likewise, an extended urological examination with demonstration of DH might help in the evaluation of an obscure neurological disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Dysfunction of the bladder neck: a urodynamic study.

Urodynamic investigations were performed in 9 males, suffering from dysfunction of the bladder neck (detrusor bladder neck dyssynergia). The parameters of micturition were compared with the values in normal males and in patients with prostatic obstruction. By introducing a new factor, the maximum opening time, we found a characteristic pattern in dysfunction of the bladder neck, making selection of patients for endoscopic incision of the bladder neck possible. The maximum and mean flow rates increased significantly in 5 patients treated with incision of the bladder neck. The diagnostic value of voiding cystourethrography and urodynamic investigation is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function.

The terminology of lower urinary tract function will be standardized by the ICS. This report contains the recommendations dealing with urinary incontinence, procedures related to the evaluation of urine storage (cystometry, urethral closure pressure profile) and units of measurement.

Compliance↗

PubMed1976

Residual kidney function after unilateral nephrectomy. Pre- and postoperative estimation by renography and clearance measurements.

The residual kidney function was predicted from preoperative renography and determination of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in 57 patients undergoing unilateral nephrectomy for cancer, postrenal obstruction or renovascular hypertension. Postoperative GFR measurements were carried out 6-36 months after the operation. In eleven patients where the kidney removed had no function, no significant difference was found between pre- and postoperative GFR values. In 46 patients where the kidney removed had some function, the preoperative estimate was a little too high in only two patients. In this group, the postoperative GFR on an average amounted to 42% above the preoperatively predicted value. We conclude that the combination of 51Cr-EDTA clearance and renography is a reliable, non-invasive method for determination of the minimum residual kidney function before unilateral nephrectomy is carried out.

Adult↗

PubMed1976