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Biomedical subjects

T Hada

Publications and source records attributed to T Hada.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Renal excretion of purine bases. Effects of probenecid, benzbromarone and pyrazinamide.

Experiments were conducted which revealed the renal transport mechanism(s) of oxypurines by employing uricosuric agents and pyrazinamide. All specimens being drawn from healthy, normal subjects, the data showed that probenecid increased fractional uric acid, fractional hypoxanthine and fractional xanthine clearance, 3.97-, 1.52- and 2.31-fold, respectively, while benzbromarone increased fractional uric acid clearance 2.11-fold, decreased fractional xanthine clearance 0.48-fold and had no effect on fractional hypoxanthine clearance. In addition, pyrazinamide decreased both fractional uric acid clearance 0.35-fold and fractional xanthine clearance 0.44-fold but increased fractional hypoxanthine clearance 1.49-fold. These results suggest the possibility of differing renal transport mechanisms among the purine bases, uric acid, hypoxanthine and xanthine.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Urinary pseudouridine as a biochemical marker in the diagnosis and monitoring of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

The urinary level of pseudouridine, primarily a degradation product of transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA), was determined in 38 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma, 18 with liver cirrhosis, 12 with chronic hepatitis, nine with acute hepatitis, and 28 healthy subjects. The mean urinary pseudouridine concentration was significantly higher in the patients with hepatoma [38.2 +/- 12.8 (SD) nmol/mumol creatinine] than in those with liver cirrhosis (20.3 +/- 6.8), chronic hepatitis (24.4 +/- 8.2), and acute hepatitis (21.7 +/- 8.2), and in healthy subjects (23.8 +/- 4.9). Urinary pseudouridine level was elevated above the mean value plus 2 SD for the healthy subjects (33.6 nmol/mumol creatinine) in 71% of our hepatoma cases. Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels correlated poorly with urinary pseudouridine levels, thus, the combination assay for urinary pseudouridine and serum alpha-fetoprotein could detect 79% of the patients with hepatoma. Moreover, urinary pseudouridine level was reduced after effective transcatheter arterial embolization therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A primary lung carcinoma producing alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, and human chorionic gonadotropin. Immunohistochemical and biochemical studies.

This article documents a patient with lung carcinoma that produced three oncofetal antigens including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Serum AFP, CEA, and hCG-beta-subunit were extremely high--118,000 ng/ml, 133 ng/ml and 0.9 ng/ml, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining of these tumor markers revealed that these proteins were present in different cells. The pattern of lectin affinity electrophoresis of AFP resembled that of hepatocellular carcinoma. Also investigated was the reactivity of serum CEA to monoclonal antibodies against peptide or sugar moieties. Serum CEA values measured by antipeptide monoclonal antibodies were higher than those measured by antisugar monoclonal antibodies. The demonstration of AFP, CEA, and hCG in different tumor cells suggests that three genomes were not reactivated together in a cell, and the lung carcinoma probably consisted of at least three clones of cancer cells with different phenotypes.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

A newly discovered apolipoprotein B-containing high-density lipoprotein produced by human hepatoma cells.

Apolipoprotein B-containing high-density lipoprotein was detected in the high-density lipoprotein fraction of the concentrated conditioned medium of human hepatoma HuH-7 cells (Apo-B-containing HDLHuH-7). Electrophoretically, the Apo-B-containing HDLHuH-7 migrated more slowly and broadly than beta-lipoprotein on agarose gel. The Apo-B-containing HDLHuH-7 was not precipitated by heparin-Mn2+ treatment. High-performance gel filtration chromatography indicated that the peak of Apo-B-containing HDLHuH-7 was eluted faster than that of plasma LDL and electron microscopic analysis demonstrated that the particles of Apo-B-containing HDLHuH-7 ranged from 140 A to about 450 A, indicating the heterogeneity of Apo-B-containing HDLHuH-7. The protein/lipid ratio of HDLHuH-7 (1.35) is higher than that of plasma HDL3 (1.2). The lipids of HDLHuH-7 are composed of phospholipids (170 micrograms/mg protein), free cholesterol (410 micrograms/mg protein), cholesterol ester (20 micrograms/mg protein) and triacylglycerols (140 micrograms/mg protein). The results described above indicated that Apo-B-containing HDLHuH-7 was a novel lipoprotein discovered for the first time.

Apolipoproteins B↗
PubMed1987

Serum pseudouridine as a biochemical marker in small cell lung cancer.

The serum level of pseudouridine, primarily a degradation product of tRNA, was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography in 24 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 13 patients with non-SCLC with advanced stages, 15 patients with pulmonary infectious diseases, and 18 healthy controls. The mean serum pseudouridine concentration was significantly higher in the patients with SCLC [4.75 +/- 1.76 (SD) nmol/ml] than that in the patients with pulmonary infectious diseases (3.39 +/- 1.38 nmol/ml) or in healthy controls (2.21 +/- 0.78 nmol/ml). The mean serum pseudouridine concentration in the patients with non-SCLC (4.07 +/- 0.95 nmol/ml) was significantly higher than that in healthy controls but not statistically different from that in the patients with pulmonary infectious diseases. The serum pseudouridine level was elevated above the mean value plus 2 SD for the healthy subjects (3.77 nmol/ml) in 66.7% of all patients with SCLC including 3 of 8 (37.5%) with limited disease and 13 of 16 (81.3%) with extensive disease, and 53.8% of the patients with non-SCLC. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen was elevated (greater than 5 ng/ml) in 29.2% and serum neuron-specific enolase (greater than 10 ng/ml) in 58.3% of the cases with SCLC. In the patients with SCLC followed up during chemotherapy, serum pseudouridine levels changed considerably parallel with the changes in the clinical response. These findings indicate that serum pseudouridine may be a useful biochemical marker in the patients with SCLC.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Study of the metabolism of pyrazinamide using a high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of urine samples.

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of pyrazinamide and its metabolites in urine. Study of the metabolism of pyrazinamide by this method demonstrated that 5-hydroxypyrazinamide excretion was compatible with pyrazinoic acid excretion and allopurinol decreased in vivo conversion of pyrazinamide to 5-hydroxypyrazinamide and blocked that of pyrazinoic acid to 5-hydroxypyrazinoic acid.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1987

Partial purification and characterization of 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from rat liver microsomes.

An NADPH-dependent 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase acting on 3 alpha-hydroxy-7-keto-5 beta-cholanoic acid was partially purified 160-fold with a yield of 13% from rat liver microsomes using DEAE-cellulose, hydroxyapatite and Affi-Gel Blue column chromatography. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 91.3 nmol chenodeoxycholic acid formed/min per mg of protein. The reaction was reversible, and the optimum pH of the enzyme for the oxidation was about 8.5, whereas that for the reduction was about 5.0 A molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be about 130,000 by Superose 6TM gel filtration chromatography. The apparent Km value for 3 alpha-hydroxy-7-keto-5 beta-cholanoic acid was 35.7 microM and that for NADPH was 90.9 microM. The preferred substrate for the enzyme was 3 alpha-hydroxy-7-keto-5 beta-cholanoic acid rather than 3 alpha,12 alpha-dihydroxy-7-keto-5 beta-cholanoic acid, a 7-keto-bile acid analogue. The enzyme also preferred the unconjugated form to the conjugated forms. The enzyme activity was inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzoate; however, the inhibition was prevented by addition of reduced form of glutathione to the reaction mixture, indicating that the enzyme requires a sulfhydryl group for activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Autoimmune hepatitis or hepatic involvement in SLE?--A case report.

We report a patient with autoimmune hepatitis, who simultaneously satisfied the 1982 revised ARA criteria for systemic lupus erythematous and emphasize the difficulty in differentiating these two diseases. In addition, current concepts of a possible immunological distinction between autoimmune hepatitis and hepatic involvement in SLE are reviewed.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Expression of high and low molecular weight caldesmons during phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells.

We investigated the expression of two molecular weight forms of caldesmon in a wide range of tissues and cells. The distribution of high molecular weight caldesmon (h-caldesmon, Mr 120,000-150,000) was restricted to smooth muscles where it was found in large quantity. The low molecular weight protein (l-caldesmon, Mr 70,000-80,000) was widely distributed in nonmuscle tissues and cells. Therefore, the expression of h-caldesmon might be much more specific to smooth muscles. We then examined the expressional changes of two caldesmons during phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). In developing gizzards, the expression of caldesmons switched from the l- to the h-form. Contrarily, the expression turned from h- to l-caldesmon in association with dedifferentiation of aortic SMCs in primary culture. In agreement with these observations, the levels of those mRNAs that direct the synthesis of both caldesmons were apparently in proportion to the quantities of protein, as determined by use of an in vitro translation system. In addition, h-caldesmon in smooth muscle-like BC3H1 cells increased in its amount with a concomitant reduction of l-caldesmon following serum-depleted and contact-inhibited cytodifferentiation. These results suggest that the expressional changes of two caldesmons are closely correlated with the phenotypic modulation of SMCs.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Novel cholinesterase expression in the HuH-7 cell line.

On polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis, normal serum cholinesterase was separated into seven isozymes (I-VII from the anodic to the cathodic side). The enzyme of the conditioned medium of the HuH-7 cell line, established from a human hepatoma, had two main isozymes. The one migrating faster was located slightly to the cathodic side of band II of the normal serum enzyme, and the other, a slower one, electrophoresed at the same position as that of band VI of the normal serum enzyme. Aside from these two isozymes, a faint band with enzyme activity sometimes appeared at a position just cathodic or very close to the position of band I of the normal serum isozymes. The effect of some inhibitors and activators on both the normal serum enzyme and the enzyme of the conditioned medium was similar, but lectin-binding properties of the two enzymes were different with Ricinus communis agglutinin I, concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin. These results suggest that the difference in sugar moieties of both enzymes is expressed in D-galactose, D-mannose and N-acetylglucosamine.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical and affinity electrophoretic studies of alpha-fetoprotein of a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma in the intrathoracic space.

Immunohistochemical and affinity electrophoretic studies were carried out on alpha-fetoprotein components produced by a tumor of hepatocellular origin located on the chest wall and originating from the intrathoracic and extrapleural space tissue. The major components of alpha-fetoprotein were consistent with those produced by the hepatocellular carcinoma. Accordingly, this seems to be the first reported case of hepatocellular carcinoma that may have developed from accessory liver tissue seemingly isolated from the liver and located in the intrathoracic space.

Angiography↗
PubMed1987

Erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in liver diseases.

The erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) was studied in patients with liver diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in normal subjects. The level of 2,3-DPG in liver diseases occurred in the following increasing order: chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma. A significant negative correlation between the 2,3-DPG concentration and serum albumin concentration was found in the liver diseases. The 2,3-DPG level was correlated to the serum concentration of total bile acids and to the arterial blood pH. A negative correlation was found between the arterial blood pH and the serum albumin concentration. The level of 2,3-DPG in hepatocellular carcinoma and/or liver cirrhosis was higher than that in more hypoxic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. And an increased level of 2,3-DPG was also shown in nonhypoxic patients with liver diseases. These results suggest that the level of erythrocyte 2,3-DPG increases according to the severity of the liver disease, and compared to the level in hypoxic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the level of erythrocyte 2,3-DPG is higher in both hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis.

2,3-Diphosphoglycerate↗