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Biomedical subjects

T H Liu

Publications and source records attributed to T H Liu.

113 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
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Gastrin and somatostatin cells in dyspeptic patients with and without duodenal ulcer: a quantitative study based on multiple biopsy specimens.

The numbers of immunoreactive gastrin and somatostatin cells in gastric and duodenal mucosal biopsy specimens from dyspeptic patients with duodenal ulcers and dyspeptic controls without ulcers were calculated using a morphometric method. The levels of gastrin and somatostatin in the tissue were also measured by the radioimmunoassay. The results showed no significant difference in the number of G cells and the level of gastrin in the tissue between the ulcer and non-ulcer groups. However, the number of D cells and the level of somatostatin in the tissue in ulcer patients were remarkably reduced in comparison with those in non-ulcer patients (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.05, respectively). The G:D cells and gastrin:somatostatin ratios in ulcer patients were much higher than those in the non-ulcer control group. It is considered that the reduction of D cells and the relative lack of somatostatin in duodenal ulcer patients might have a role in the mechanism of the duodenal ulceration.

Biopsy↗
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Comparison of parenteral nutrition supplemented with L-glutamine or glutamine dipeptides.

Although glutamine is an important fuel used by the intestinal mucosa and other visceral organs, it is not present in any commercially available parenteral amino acid solution. To compare the effects of L-glutamine with glutamine dipeptides, we studied the effects of each in 8 dogs and 60 Wistar rats. In the dog study, three amino acid solutions were compared: standard commercial amino acid solution (control), alanine-glutamine dipeptide-enriched solution (glutamine 3.4%), and glycine-glutamine dipeptide-enriched solution (glutamine 3.6%). Arterial and venous samples were collected to compare the effects of the three solutions on skeletal muscle amino acid exchange. In the rat study, two studies were undertaken: group 1 rats underwent only central venous catheterization; group 2 rats underwent central venous catheterization and a 50% intestinal resection. Within each group, three different solutions were infused: standard amino acid solution (control), glutamine-enriched (1.5% glutamine) solution, or glutamine dipeptide-enriched (1% glutamine) solution. After 7 days of parenteral nutrition, samples of gut, blood, and muscle were collected for determination of mucosal thickness, villus area, serum amino acid profile, liver and renal function tests, and muscle composition. When glutamine or glutamine-dipeptide solutions were administered, the dogs showed increasing serum glutamine concentrations and enhanced glutamine uptake across the hind leg muscle. Similarly, both groups of rats demonstrated significant differences in serum glutamine levels, nitrogen balance, intestinal mucosa thickness, and villus area. We conclude that both glutamine and glutamine-dipeptide infusions increase serum glutamine concentrations and result in regional tissue effects. Both exerted similar metabolic effects with no apparent complications.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Selective, unilateral cortical infarction increases striatal muscarinic receptor binding: potential evidence for cortical modulation of intrastriatal cholinergic transmission.

The effects of unilateral cortical infarction on subcortical (striatal) muscarinic receptors in rat brain were studied by means of in vitro receptor autoradiography using [3H]quinuclidinyl benzylate ([3H]QNB) and [3H]pirenzepine. The cortical lesions could be produced without compromising subcortical structures. A dramatic (20 to 59 per cent) increase in striatal [3H]QNB binding was observed ipsilateral to the damaged cortex. The increase in binding was greatest in the caudate-putamen, but was also noted in the nucleus accumbens. [3H]Pirenzepine binding (labeling M1 receptors) was also increased but to a lesser degree, as was [3H]QNB binding in the presence of 100 nM (unlabeled) pirenzepine (an indirect means of labeling M2 receptors). The results show that unilateral cortical infarction results in an upregulation of striatal muscarinic receptors, and suggest that both the M1 and M2 subtypes contribute to this effect. These findings provide evidence for cortical modulation of intrastriatal cholinergic transmission.

Animals↗