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T Goto

Publications and source records attributed to T Goto.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the left lower lobe invading the upper lobe ahead of fissure].

We described a case of pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor that was resected video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) with safety surgical margin. The legion masqueraded primary lung cancer showing invasion to neighboring lobe. Positron emission tomography (PET) was not helpful in diagnosing whether it was malignant or not. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor was called as inflammatory pseudotumor, formerly. Several reports, however, suggested that so called inflammatory pseudotumor was a true neoplasm rather than a proliferating tissue due to inflammatory response. It is not rare that inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor invades neighboring organ or shows relapsing after coarse margin resection. Our case would remind pulmonary physicians of its correct treatment, i.e. surgical resection with adequate safety margin.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

Sargachromenol, a novel nerve growth factor-potentiating substance isolated from Sargassum macrocarpum, promotes neurite outgrowth and survival via distinct signaling pathways in PC12D cells.

We previously found that the methanol extract of a marine brown alga, Sargassum macrocarpum showed marked nerve growth factor (NGF)-dependent neurite outgrowth promoting activity to PC12D cells. The active substance purified was elucidated to be sargachromenol. The median effective dose (ED50) was 9 microM against PC12D cells in the presence of 10 ng/ml NGF, although it showed no neurotrophic effect on its own. Pretreatment of cells with protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor or U0126 substantially suppressed the sargachromenol-enhanced neurite outgrowth from PC12D cells, suggesting that the activation of cyclic AMP-mediated protein kinase and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase 1/2 was apparently required for the action of sargachromenol. On the other hand, sargachromenol significantly promoted the survival of neuronal PC12D cells at 0-50 ng/ml NGF in serum-free medium. Neither PKA inhibitor nor U0126 could inhibit the survival supporting effect of sargachromenol, whereas wortmannin significantly blocked the sargachromenol-induced survival supporting effect on neuronal PC12D cells, suggesting that sargachromenol rescued neuronal PC12D cells by activating phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. These results demonstrate that sargachromenol promotes neuronal differentiation of PC12D cells and supports the survival of neuronal PC12D cells via two distinct signaling pathways.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Successful islet transplantation from a single pancreas harvested from a young, low-BMI, non-heart-beating cadaver.

BACKGROUND: Young donors, donors with low body mass index (BMI), and non-heart-beating (NHB) donors are considered nonideal for islet transplantation. In this report, we successfully used a pancreas from a young, low-BMI, NHB donor for islet transplantation. METHODS: The donor was a 15-year-old adolescent boy whose cause of death was rupture of a primary brain tumor. According to Japanese regulations, his pancreas was procured after cardiac arrest. Warm ischemic time was 3 minutes and cold ischemic time was 300 minutes. The pancreas was digested by the automated method of Ricordi, followed by purification using continuous Euro-Ficoll gradients on a Cobe 2991 device. The recipient was a 35-year-old woman with unstable type 1 diabetes mellitus. Her pretransplant C-peptide level was null. She suffered frequent hypoglycemic unawareness. Her pretransplant M value, which is a good marker for glucose instability, was 125. Islet yield was 252,816 IEQ. There were no signs of contamination. Viability of islets assessed by FDA/PI staining was 83%. Stimulation index was 2.7. RESULTS: The patient received 5160 IEQ/kg of islets via the portal vein under local anesthesia. There were no transplant-related complications. Although she required minimal exogenous insulin, her C-peptide level increased to 0.7 ng/mL at postoperative day (POD) 14. Her M value at POD 15 to 19 decreased dramatically to 23.6, indicating good glycemic control. At 3 months posttransplant, episodes of hypoglycemia disappeared. CONCLUSIONS: Although an additional transplant is mandatory to wean patients from insulin, this case shows the possibility of using marginal donors, such as a young, low-BMI, NHB donor, for pancreas islet transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Appropriate dosing of antiarrhythmic drugs in Japan requires therapeutic drug monitoring.

OBJECTIVE: In general, drugs are used in accordance with an approved dosage regimen in expectation of an appropriate balance between efficacy and toxicity. However, dose control of drugs with a narrow therapeutic range and marked intersubject variability in pharmacokinetics should be established through individualization of dosing based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The purpose of this study was to examine differences between the approved dosage regimen and the doses of antiarrhythmic drugs and digoxin used in clinical practice and to examine the influence of TDM on dosing. METHODS: Prescription research of antiarrhythmic drugs was performed at five national hospitals in Japan. Prescriptions for antiarrhythmic drugs (cibenzoline, disopyramide, pirmenol, mexiletine, aprindine, flecainide, pilsicainide, amiodarone and digoxin) were counted for the study period. The mean dose and dose distribution of the drugs were determined in each hospital. Comparisons were made of mean dose obtained in the study with the dosage approved by the authority. In addition, the percentage of patients that received TDM was determined. RESULTS: A difference was seen between the approved dosage and the actual dose. For all drugs except flecainide, the mean dose was smaller than the approved dosage. For all drugs except digoxin, remarkable variations were seen in the dose distribution among the hospitals. Digoxin showed a similar dose distribution among the five hospitals. Overall, the percentage of patients that received TDM was low except for Hospital A. However, TDM of digoxin was relatively common at four of the hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that, with the exception of digoxin, the appropriate dosing regimen for antiarrhythmic drugs is not yet established. The establishment of appropriate dosing regimens for antiarrhythmic drugs requires the more widespread adoption of TDM.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents↗
PubMed2004

Ferroelectricity and giant magnetocapacitance in perovskite rare-earth manganites.

The relationships among magnetism, lattice modulation, and dielectric properties have been investigated for RMnO3 (R=Eu, Gd, Tb, and Dy). These compounds show a transition to an incommensurate lattice structure below their Néel temperature, and subsequently undergo an incommensurate-commensurate (IC-C) phase transition. For TbMnO3 and DyMnO3 it was found that the IC-C transition is accompanied by a ferroelectric transition, associated with a lattice modulation in the C phase. DyMnO3 shows a gigantic magnetocapacitance with a change of dielectric constant up to Deltaepsilon/epsilon approximately 500%.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Cardiovascular effects of xenon and nitrous oxide in patients during fentanyl-midazolam anaesthesia.

Xenon anaesthesia appears to have minimal haemodynamic effects. The purpose of this randomised prospective study was to compare the cardiovascular effects of xenon and nitrous oxide in patients with known ischaemic heart disease. In 20 patients who were due to undergo coronary artery bypass graft surgery, 30 min following induction of anaesthesia with fentanyl 30 microg x kg(-1) and midazolam 0.1 mg x kg(-1) but prior to the start of surgery, xenon or nitrous oxide 60% was administered for 15 min. The results showed that xenon caused a minimal decrease in the mean arterial pressure (from 81 (7) to 75 (8) mmHg, mean (SD)), but did not affect the systolic function of the left ventricle, as demonstrated by unchanged left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) and the fractional area change of the left ventricle (FAC) derived from transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE). However, in contrast, nitrous oxide was found to decrease the mean arterial pressure (from 81 (8) to 69 (7) mmHg), the LVSWI, and the FAC. The cardiac index, central venous and pulmonary artery occlusion pressures, systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances, and the TOE-derived E/A ratio through the mitral valve were unchanged by xenon or nitrous oxide. We conclude that xenon provides improved haemodynamic stability compared with nitrous oxide, conserving the left ventricular systolic function.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Lift-up laminoplasty for myelopathy caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the cervical spine.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: We have utilized lift-up laminoplasty to treat patients with myelopathy caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the cervical spine. The preliminary surgical outcome with computer-assisted morphological assessment is presented. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The surgical technique of lift-up laminoplasty includes standard posterior exposure of the cervical spine, en-bloc laminectomy, and expansion of the cervical canal by lift-up of the laminae with custom-designed hydroxyapatite laminar spacers and stabilization of the laminae using titanium miniplates. From 1998 to 2003, 10 consecutive patients with cervical myelopathy secondary to OPLL have been treated with this method and comprehensively evaluated. Care was taken to tailor the treatment to individual patients by using different sizes of spacers to adjust the degree of expansion depending on the amount of stenosis of the cervical spine. The degree of expansion of the cervical canal was altered by design, based on the preoperative imaging simulation. RESULTS: Preliminary surgical outcome, evaluated at 6 months after surgery, revealed a significant improvement of neurological function. Image analysis revealed that the cervical canals were significantly expanded, with a mean reduction of 13.1% in the stenosis ratio. Lift-up laminoplasty was effective in the treatment of patients with myelopathy secondary to cervical OPLL, and the amount of expansion could be individually adjusted at the discretion of the surgeon. CONCLUSION: Although analysis with a larger population and a longer follow-up period needs to be undertaken, our method of lift-up laminoplasty appears to be a viable choice among standard posterior cervical approaches for cervical OPLL.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Anti-arthritic properties of FK506 on collagen-induced arthritis in rats.

OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: To determine the effect of FK506 (tacrolimus) on paw inflammation, TNF-alpha expression in joint, and bone and cartilage destruction in type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model in rats. METHODS: CIA was induced by immunization of female Lewis rats with an emulsion of bovine type II collagen and incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Paw inflammation was assessed by the increase in paw volume. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -alpha expression in hind knee joint was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis. Lesions of bone and cartilage were assessed on the basis of histological change in knee joint, radiographic analysis in hind paw, bone mineral density in femora and proteoglycan contents in the cartilage of femoral heads. FK506 at doses of 1, 1.8 and 3.2 mg/kg or its placebo formulation was orally administered to rats for 28 days from the day after immunization (n = 10). Effect of FK506 was compared with that of vehicle (distilled water). RESULTS: FK506 at a dose of 1.8 mg/kg significantly suppressed paw swelling (p < 0.01) and histological change in knee joint (p < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha was mainly expressed in the region with a marked infiltration of inflammatory cells in the hind knee joint. FK506 (3.2 mg/kg) markedly reduced TNF-alpha expression. FK506 at a dose of 1.8 mg/kg suppressed radiographic changes in hind paw (p < 0.05) and also recovered the decrease in bone mineral density in the femora (p < 0.05). Proteoglycan contents in the cartilage of femoral heads were determined to evaluate the cartilage destruction more quantitatively and found to significantly decrease in CIA rats. FK506 at a dose of 1.8 mg/kg recovered the loss of proteoglycan contents (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: These results show that FK506 is effective in suppressing inflammation, TNF-alpha expression in joint, and damage to bone and cartilage in rat CIA, and may be useful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Magnetic control of ferroelectric polarization.

The magnetoelectric effect--the induction of magnetization by means of an electric field and induction of polarization by means of a magnetic field--was first presumed to exist by Pierre Curie, and subsequently attracted a great deal of interest in the 1960s and 1970s (refs 2-4). More recently, related studies on magnetic ferroelectrics have signalled a revival of interest in this phenomenon. From a technological point of view, the mutual control of electric and magnetic properties is an attractive possibility, but the number of candidate materials is limited and the effects are typically too small to be useful in applications. Here we report the discovery of ferroelectricity in a perovskite manganite, TbMnO3, where the effect of spin frustration causes sinusoidal antiferromagnetic ordering. The modulated magnetic structure is accompanied by a magnetoelastically induced lattice modulation, and with the emergence of a spontaneous polarization. In the magnetic ferroelectric TbMnO3, we found gigantic magnetoelectric and magnetocapacitance effects, which can be attributed to switching of the electric polarization induced by magnetic fields. Frustrated spin systems therefore provide a new area to search for magnetoelectric media.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

The potential for oral combination chemotherapy of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine, a 5-FU prodrug, and cyclophosphamide for metastatic breast cancer.

Preclinical studies have demonstrated the synergistic anti-tumour activity of combination therapy with the oral cytostatics, 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) and cyclophosphamide (CPA), in human breast cancer xenograft models. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this oral combination chemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. In all, 101 patients with metastatic breast cancer were enrolled in the study, and the data for 94 eligible patients of these were evaluated. The patients received twice daily oral combinations of 5'-DFUR (1200 mg/body/day) and CPA (100 mg/body/day) for 2 weeks, followed by a 1-week rest period. After a median of 19 treatment cycles (range 1-66 cycles), 16 patients (17.0%) had a complete response, and 40 patients (42.6%) had partial responses. The response rate was 59.6% (95% CI, 49.0-69.6%). The median time to progression and overall survival times were 11.7 and 40.3 months, respectively. The toxicity was mild and tolerable, and the related grade 3/4 clinical adverse effects consisted of haematological toxicity in 21 patients (22%) and nonhaematological toxicity in five patients (5%). These results suggest that the oral combination chemotherapy of 5'-DFUR and CPA has low toxicity and is a novel, very convenient and effective treatment for metastatic breast cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2003

Physicochemical and physiological properties of 5alpha-cyprinol sulfate, the toxic bile salt of cyprinid fish.

5alpha-Cyprinol sulfate was isolated from bile of the Asiatic carp, Cyprinus carpio. 5alpha-Cyprinol sulfate was surface active and formed micelles; its critical micellization concentration (CMC) in 0.15 M Na+ using the maximum bubble pressure device was 1.5 mM; by dye solubilization, its CMC was approximately 4 mM. At concentrations >1 mM, 5alpha-cyprinol sulfate solubilized monooleylglycerol efficiently (2.1 molecules per mol micellar bile salt). When infused intravenously into the anesthetized rat, 5alpha-cyprinol sulfate was hemolytic, cholestatic, and toxic. In the isolated rat liver, it underwent little biotransformation and was poorly transported (Tmax congruent with 0.5 micromol/min/kg) as compared with taurocholate. 5alpha-Cyprinol, its bile alcohol moiety, was oxidized to its corresponding C27 bile acid and to allocholic acid (the latter was then conjugated with taurine); these metabolites were efficiently transported. 5alpha-Cyprinol sulfate inhibited taurocholate uptake in COS-7 cells transfected with rat asbt, the apical bile salt transporter of the ileal enterocyte. 5alpha-Cyprinol had limited aqueous solubility (0.3 mM) and was poorly absorbed from the perfused rat jejunum or ileum. Sampling of carp intestinal content indicated that 5alpha-cyprinol sulfate was present at micellar concentrations, and that it did not undergo hydrolysis during intestinal transit. These studies indicate that 5alpha-cyprinol sulfate is an excellent digestive detergent and suggest that a micellar phase is present during digestion in cyprinid fish.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Distribution of intracellular and extracellular water molecules in developing rat's midbrain: comparison with fraction of multicomponent T(2) relaxation time and morphological findings from electron microscopic imaging.

OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we examined the behavior and state of water molecules in immature and mature rat brains by measuring the components of magnetic resonance (MR) water proton transverse relaxation time ( T(2)). We also performed morphological examination of immature and mature rat brains using electron microscopy (EM). We then compared the fraction of T(2) component and the EM findings. METHODS: Midbrains of male Wistar rats were examined at various time points ranging from 4 h to 12 weeks after birth. T(2) was measured by MR, and the ratios of intra- to extracellular spaces were determined by EM in each stage. RESULTS: T(2) consisted of two components: fast T(2) (<100 ms), and slow T(2) (>100 ms). During maturation, values of fast T(2) decreased dramatically, but slow T(2) remained constant. However, the fraction accounted for by slow T(2) decreased from 59% to 9% during maturation. Morphological examination showed that the extracellular space fraction of the midbrain decreased from 49% to 5% during maturation. Thus, morphological change correlated well with changes in slow T(2); in other words, multicomponent T(2) results showed a close correlation with tissue compartmentalization. CONCLUSION: MR relaxation times obtained by means of multicomponent analysis can thus be used to measure intra- and extracellular space fractions.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Extra-axial subarachnoid ependymoma of the cerebral convexity.

A 29-year-old man had two episodes of seizures in 9 months. Following the first seizure he developed hemiparesis, which gradually progressed. Investigations revealed a large cerebral convexity mass lesion simulating a meningioma. During operation, a reddish-brown and well-defined tumor located in the subarachnoid space was encountered. Histopathological examination revealed a typical ependymoma. Extra-axial cerebral convexity ependymomas are extremely rare. The case is reported and a brief review of six similar cases reported in the literature is undertaken.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Ultrastructural study and ontogenesis of the appendages and related musculature of Paraspadella (Chaetognatha).

A lineage of benthic chaetognaths has developed limb-like appendages on the caudal part of the body, resulting from a local modification of the lateral fins, which are folds of the epidermis and have a role in balance when swimming. The most complex are those of Paraspadella gotoi which are used as props with the tip of the tail, allowing an elaborated mating behaviour comprising different movements: complete erection of the body, swings and jumps, astonishing for so simple-bodied animals. In the tail, the epidermis and the connective tissue, together with the longitudinal musculature, are involved in this innovation. All the components of the fins, i.e. connective tissue, fin rays and multilayered epidermic cells are conserved, but their function has changed. The movements of appendages are adjusted by one pair of small appendicular muscles localised in the body wall, while posture movements of the body are allowed by four longitudinal bundles of raising muscle. These two new muscles have successively appeared in the evolutive series previously described in Paraspadella. They have definitely arisen from the secondary muscle: the two lateral bundles for the former, and the two dorsal and two ventral ones for the latter. All are supercontracting muscles, a muscle kind also observed in the other benthic genus Spadella, but unknown in planktonic and benthoplanktonic chaetognaths.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Flow-mediated dilation in brachial artery in the second half of pregnancy and prediction of pre-eclampsia.

Endothelial injury and increased vascular reactivity are involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia (pregnancy-induced hypertension). To investigate whether flow-mediated dilation (endothelium-dependent dilation) and the reactive hyperemic response can predict pre-eclampsia, we prospectively measured flow-mediated dilation and the Doppler flow velocity pattern (V, cm/s) in the brachial artery using high-resolution ultrasound in 43 pregnant women (32+/-5 years old) in the second half of their pregnancy, and compared the findings with traditional risk factors. Regarding the Doppler flow velocity pattern, the pulsatility index (PI)=(systolic V-diastolic V)/mean V and resistance index (RI)=(systolic V-diastolic V)/systolic V were calculated. For the flow-mediated dilation, the per cent diameter changes were determined based on those from baseline to hyperemic conditions. Nine women suffered from pre-eclampsia and 34 women remained normotensive. Only flow-mediated dilation was found to be significantly lower in the subsequently developed pre-eclampsia patients (1.6+/-1.0% in subsequently developed pre-eclampsia patients vs 11.0+/-4.5% in normotensive patients, P<0.05). Neither the other traditional factors nor the Doppler flow velocity pattern were significantly different between the subsequently developed pre-eclampsia and normotensive patients. If a normal cutoff value of 3.0% obtained from age-matched 14 nonpregnant women (32+/-7 years old) in our laboratory was used, the positive predictive value of flow-mediated dilation (<3.0%) for subsequent pre-eclampsia is 90% and the negative predictive value is 100%. In conclusion, flow-mediated dilation in brachial artery can be a simple and noninvasive modality to predict pre-eclampsia.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Cell output, cell cycle duration and neuronal specification: a model of integrated mechanisms of the neocortical proliferative process.

The neurons of the neocortex are generated over a 6 day neuronogenetic interval that comprises 11 cell cycles. During these 11 cell cycles, the length of cell cycle increases and the proportion of cells that exits (Q) versus re-enters (P) the cell cycle changes systematically. At the same time, the fate of the neurons produced at each of the 11 cell cycles appears to be specified at least in terms of their laminar destination. As a first step towards determining the causal interrelationships of the proliferative process with the process of laminar specification, we present a two-pronged approach. This consists of (i) a mathematical model that integrates the output of the proliferative process with the laminar fate of the output and predicts the effects of induced changes in Q and P during the neuronogenetic interval on the developing and mature cortex and (ii) an experimental system that allows the manipulation of Q and P in vivo. Here we show that the predictions of the model and the results of the experiments agree. The results indicate that events affecting the output of the proliferative population affect both the number of neurons produced and their specification with regard to their laminar fate.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Circulating concentrations of cardiac proteins indicate the severity of congestive heart failure.

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that myocardium specific proteins may be useful markers for evaluating the severity of congestive heart failure. METHODS: Serum concentrations of myosin light chain I (MLC-I), heart fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), and troponin T (TnT) and plasma concentrations of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were determined in 48 patients with acute deterioration of congestive heart failure, both before and after effective treatment. RESULTS: Before treatment, MLC-I (mean (SEM) 3.2 (2.2) microg/l), H-FABP (9.0 (3.5) microg/l), TnT (30 (21) ng/l), and BNP (761 (303) ng/l) were higher than the normal reference range, and concentrations of CK-MB (5.4 (2.9) microg/l) were near normal. Treatment of congestive heart failure with conventional medication significantly decreased the concentrations of MLC-I (1.2 (0.3) microg/l, p < 0.0001), H-FABP (6.0 (2.0) microg/l, p < 0.0001), CK-MB (2.9 (1.5) microg/l, p < 0.0001), TnT (9 (1) ng/l, p < 0.001), and BNP (156 (118) ng/l, p < 0.0001). The decreases in H-FABP and CK-MB concentrations after treatment correlated with the decrease in BNP concentrations (p < 0.05). The absolute concentrations of MLC-I, H-FABP, CK-MB, and TnT correlated positively with those of BNP (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that MLC-I, H-FABP, CK-MB, and TnT may be used as reliable markers for the evaluation of the severity of congestive heart failure.

Aged↗