Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Godal

Publications and source records attributed to T Godal.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Quantitation of serum complement components and plasma C3d in patients with malignant lymphoma: relation to the stage of the tumor and circulating immune complexes.

Total hemolytic complement activity (CH 50) and complement component levels were measured in 27 patients with Hodgkin's disease and 31 patients with non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma. CH 50 values were higher than normal in almost all the patients. Increased levels of serum C4, C3 and factor B were observed in 62%, 31% and 19% of these patients, respectively. However, plasma concentration of C3d, a breakdown product of C3, was elevated in 29% of the cases. The hypercatabolism of C3 was not closely associated with the presence of circulating immune complexes, as assessed by the C1q binding assay, nor with the presence of general symptoms in the patients. On the contrary, it appeared to be in relation with the extent of the malignant disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Altered membrane-associated functions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes consisting mainly of neoplastic B cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL cells) showed a markedly reduced response to the human B-cell mitogens anti-beta2 microglobulin, Sepharose-bound protein A and Sepharose-bound anti-human immunoglobulin (anti F(ab')2) in all of nine patients studied. On the other hand, CLL cells from three out of eight patients tested responded well to the calcium ionophore A23187. Sepharose-bound protein A and anti-beta2 microglobulin also failed to induce increased uptake of 86Rubidium (potassium analogue) in CLL cells as compared to B-cell-enriched preparations of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes. The capacity of CLL cells to cap various surface markers including beta2 microglobulin was reduced. On the other hand, surface concentrations of beta2 microglobulin were not reduced as measured by fluorescein-labelled anti-beta2-microglobulin in single-cell cytofluorometry. It is concluded that various membrane-associated events elicited by ligand-receptor interactions are altered or blocked in CLL cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

A preliminary note on the composition of lymphocytes in human peripheral lymph.

Pilot experiments on the composition of lymphocytes in human peripheral lymph, mainly from healthy human volunteers, are presented. The experiments undertaken so far show a reduced proportion of B cells and an increased proportion of "Ia" positive lymphocytes in peripheral lymph as compared to peripheral blood. If confirmed, these data would suggest that lymphocyte circulation through extravascular subcutaneous tissues is a highly selective process.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Circulating immune complexes in patients with malignant lymphomas and solid tumors.

Sera from 50 patients with Hodgkin's disease, 78 patients with non-Hodgkin non-leukemic malignant lymphomas, and 75 patients with different types of solid malignant tumors were investigated for the presence of immune complexes using the (125I) C1q-binding test. All patients were untreated. An increased serum C1q-binding activity was found in 22% of the patients with Hodgkin's disease, 35.9% of the non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients and in 37.3% of the patients with solid tumors. The C1q-binding material detected in the patients' sera had properties similar to those of immune complexes. On sucrose density gradient it sedimented as a 10-30 s material. It contained IgG which were dissociated under acid conditions. Passage through anti-IgG immunoabsorbent removed its C1q-binding properties. A prevalent association was found between the presence of serum immune complexes and disseminated disease stages in all the patient groups included. A similar association was found between the presence of serum immune complexes and general symptoms among the malignant lymphoma patients. The nature of the antigens involved in the complexes remains unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Characterization of immunoglobulins in Hodgkin cells.

Fifteen of 42 formalin-fixed lymph-node biopsies with Hodgkin lesions of different histological types and stages gave positive staining for immuno-globulins by the peroxidase/antiperoxidase method. The immunoglobulins in all the positively stained Hodgkin cells were of IgG type, but staining for IgA, D and E was negative. One of the 15 biopsies was positive for IgM. Thirteen of the 15 positive biopsies were positive for both kappa and lambda. Sequential double staining using two different substrates for peroxidase showed that most of the Hodgkin cells simultaneously contained light chains of both kappa and lambda type. It is concluded that Hodgkin cells do not contain a "monoclonal" immunoglobulin product.

Hodgkin Disease↗
PubMed1977

Blood B and T lymphocytes and in vitro cellular immune reactivity in untreated human malignant lymphomas and other malignant tumors.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes and their in vitro reactivity have been recorded prior to treatment in 18 patients with Hodgkins disease, 11 with lymposarcoma, 13 with reticulosarcoma, 20 with various solid tumors and 37 normal control persons. The mean total numbers of lymphocytes, those of T lymphocytes,and the mean reactivity to PHA and ConA were reduced in all groups except lymphosarcoma, although with varying degrees of statistical significance. The percentages of T and B lymphocytes appeared to be normal in all groups, but the ranges of values were somewhat greater than among the normal controls. The mean total numbers of B lymphocytes were normal in all patient groups. All reductions seemed to be more pronounced in patients with disseminated than in those with localized disease, but none of these differences was statistically significant. All patient groups appeared to have reduced reactivity in MLC, while the ability to stimulate control lymphocytes was nearly normal. The results fail to indicate an in vitro immunological abberation specific to Hodgkin's disease. It seems that human malignant, neoplastic diseases are associated with a relatively selective reduction of the total numbers and reactivity of blood T lymphocytes. Various explanations of the reactivity impairment are proposed. The pathogenesis of the reduction of the total number of blood T lymphocytes remains obscure.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

DNA synthesis in unstimulated blood lymphocytes of patients with untreated malignant lymphomas or other malignant tumors.

Blood lymphocyte DNA synthesis, as expressed by 24-h uptake of 3H-thymidine in culture of mononuclear peripheral blood leucocytes has been reduced prior to treatment in 18 patients with Hodgkin's disease, 11 with non-leukaemic lymphosarcoma, 13 with reticulosarcoma and 20 with various solid tumors, and compared to 37 normal control subjects.The 3H-thymidine uptake was significantly increased in all the patient groups, but no significant difference existed between them. Increased uptake of 3H-thymidine did not appear to correlate with the degree of dissemination in any of the patient groups or with the presence or absence of general symptoms in malignant lymphoma. It is concluded that increased DNA synthesis in peripheral blood lymphocytes is a feature not limited to Hodgkin's disease, but found in non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas and other malignancies to about the same extent.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1975

Preliminary taxonomic studies on the leprosy bacillus.

Antigens extracted from leprosy bacilli obtained from infected human and armadillo tissues have been examined by immunodiffusion analysis with serum samples from lepromatous patients and with immune sera raised in rabbits. Using the best combinations of serum and antigen extracts, 12 antigenic constituents were found in the leprosy bacilli. Six of these were antigens common to all mycobacteria and nocardiae, 4 were specific to the leprosy bacillus and the position of 2 could not be determined. Groups ii and iii antigens (i.e. those associated with the slow growing and fast growing subgenera of mycobacteria) were not found in theleprosy bacillus, suggesting some relationship with M. vaccae and similar strains, in which these antigens are also missing. Lymphocyte transformation tests performed on lymph node cells of mice infected or immunized with leprosy bacilli also showed the leprosy bacillus to have a closer relationship with M. vaccae than with other mycobacteria.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

BCG antibody profiles in tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy.

In sera from 12 patients with polar tuberculoid leprosy, 12 with subpolar tuberculoid leprosy, and 16 with lepromatous leprosy were demonstrated a total number of 125 anti-BCG precipitins by means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel. Up to 14 different precipitins were found in individual sera, and the complexity in antibody response was higher than previously realized. The specificity of 69% of the antibodies was defined, and these antibodies were titrated in three arbitrary titer units. A highly significant difference (P < 0.002) was found in antibody response between the tuberculoid and the lepromatous group. Due to simplicity, sensitivity, and high resolution, the method used is a promising tool for providing exact data to be used as guidelines for purification of important individual mycobacterial antigens. The need for reference antisera is emphasized.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Subclinical infection in leprosy.

Lymphocyte transformation has been used to study the immune response to Mycobacterium leprae among contacts and non-contacts of leprosy patients. Of 26 subjects living in a leprosy endemic area for less than two months none responded to M. leprae; 24% of subjects who had lived in an endemic area for more than a year gave a positive response to M. leprae; more than 50% of individuals with occupational contact of leprosy for more than a year responded; and about 50% of contacts of tuberculoid and treated lepromatous patients responded to M. leprae, while only 22% (4/18) of contacts of lepromatous patients treated for less than six months responded.It seems that leprosy is more highly infectious than is indicated by the prevalence of the disease and that a subclinical infection commonly follows exposure to M. leprae. The relatively low response found in contacts of active lepromatous patients suggests that in these contacts "superexposure" to M. leprae can bring about a decrease in host resistance.

Ethiopia↗