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Biomedical subjects

T Giacomini

Publications and source records attributed to T Giacomini.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Epidemiology of the resistance to antibiotics at the Hospital Center of Aulnay-sous-Bois].

Over the 14 month period (1/6/87-1/8/88) the majority of the bacteremia observed in the intensive unit (C.H. d'Aulnay) was due to Gram-positive bacteria (16/23 cases). The incidence of resistant to methicillin Staphylococcus aureus (SAMR) in blood culture was 10% in 1986 and 14% in 1987. Resistance of S. pneumoniae to penicillin was not detected; 30% of the 72 strains were resistant to erythromycin and 26% to tetracycline. Among Enterobacteriaceae, third generation cephalosporin is uncommon (2.8%) as gentamicin resistance (4.5%). Among the anaerobes, 57% of non Bacteroides fragilis group are resistant to penicillin. Nitroimidazole resistance was not detected.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1989

[Isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from the endometrium and endometritis. Apropos of a series of 42 patients].

Most studies have been concerned with recovering Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) from the endocervix on the one hand and from the adnexae on the other hand and consider its relationship to infection of the upper genital tract. Our work is concerned with the endometrium. 42 women were examined: 22 of them had salpingitis (group I), 14 were considered possibly to have endometritis with a risk of infection with CT, or had cervicitis (group II), and 6 were in the control group (group III). Samples were taken from the endometrium that had been removed for histological examination and for searching for CT in cultures. These samples were taken routinely at the initial examination and then again 10 and/or 40 days later for women in groups I and II. These latter were all treated systemically with cyclines. A high incidence of endometrial infection with CT was found (17%). The recovery of CT from the endometrium was correlated with the presence of an intra-uterine device, with purulent discharge, with evidence of CT in the cervix, and with anti-chlamydia serology higher than or equal to 1/128. CT infection of the endometrium gave late lesions of endometritis which persisted in spite of the antibiotic therapy that had been given.

Adnexal Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[The severity of airport malaria].

Report of a new case of airport malaria with renal failure. The evolution of the thirty cases previously described is reviewed. Most of the time, airport malaria seems to be a severe infection.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1987

Further characterization of Hb Henri Mondor or alpha 2 beta 2(26)(B8)Glu----Val.

A second case of Hb Henri Mondor is reported. The subject, homozygous for Hb Henri Mondor, is of Algerian origin. The electrophoretical behavior and structural characterization are given and discussed. Hb Henri Mondor, which is characterized by the replacement of the lysine residue in position beta 26, as is the case for Hb E, has normal functional properties and is normally expressed.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1987

[Pitfalls in inquiries relating to malaria].

In two cases of Plasmodium falciparum which could suggest a time interval of three and four years between departure from endemic area and onset of malaria symptoms, the authors insist on the fact that epidemiologic study must be very rigorous.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Coexistence of myeloma and chronic myeloid leukemia].

The case of an eighty-one-year-old woman who had myeloma followed 18 months later by chronic myeloid leukemia with Philadelphia chromosome unrelated to therapeutic interferences is reported. This case is compared to other reports of lymphoid hemopathies associated with myeloid hemopathies found in the medical literature. The different etiopathogenic hypotheses are discussed, particularly in the light of recent studies of chromosomes. Such caryotypic studies in malignant hemopathies may improve our knowledge of the connexions between apparently dissimilar diseases and prove helpful for the understanding of cell differentiation from pathological data.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[A systematic search for Ureaplasma urealyticum in vaginal swabs. The results (author's transl)].

6.6 per cent 1.069 vaginal swabs showed Ureaplasma urealyticum in our patients. Ureaplasma does not seem to alter the cytology or the physiological flora of the vagina. On the other Hand trichomonas vaginalis was often found in association with it. There is no racial predisposition to infection of the vagina with Ureaplasma. Pregnancy, however, does seem to favour the growth of this mycoplasma. But this does not seem to have any adverse effect on the progress of the pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The value of rectosigmoidoscopy and the bacteriologic culture of colon biopsies in the etiologic diagnosis of acute diarrhea of adults. A prospective study of 65 patients].

The goal of this study was to evaluate the contribution of sigmoidoscopy with bioptic microbiology to the etiologic diagnosis of acute diarrhea in adults. Patients and methods. Sixty-five patients with acute diarrhea were included prospectively from February 1993 to November 1994. Ages ranged from 17 to 83 years. In each patient, two stool samples were cultured and three examined for parasites. Clostridium difficile toxin was looked for in the 18 patients who had taken antimicrobials before onset of the diarrhea. Sigmoidoscopy with collection of biopsy specimens for bacteriologic cultures was performed routinely. Results. A pathogenic organism was identified in 35 patients (54%). Eighteen patients (28%) had positive stool cultures. Clostridium difficile toxin was detected in six patients. Colonic biopsy cultures were positive in 26 patients (40%). Endoscopic findings established the diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis with negative tests for C. difficile toxin in two patients, diverticulitis in one, ischemic colitis in two, and cryptogenic colitis in seven. Conclusions. Sigmoidoscopy ensured the diagnosis in over 72% of cases of acute diarrhea. This investigation complements stool cultures and should be done routinely in adults with severe acute diarrhea.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Human diffusion of arthropod disease vectors throughout the world].

The present distribution of animals and plants throughout the world is the result of an evolutionary process involving tectonic, climatic and biotic factors. Humans, since their appearance, have contributed to the spreading of many species including disease vectors and pests. When humans left their native African home, they brought with them ectoparasites such as lice and acarids. During the neolithic era, humans were leading domesticated animals which carried their own parasites into new areas. Dwelling commensals, flea, bugs, triatomids, flies, and cockroaches followed human migrations. In the second millennium, sailboats transported mosquito species which were resistant and reproduced on board, including Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Ae. albopictus. Steamers further shortened the length of trips and allowed the transport of anophelines. The opening of the Tamatave-Port-Louis line was immediately followed by the transport of An. gambiae from Madagascar to Mauritius and Reunion, and epidemics of malaria occurred on the two islands which had been free of the disease. Also, An. gambiae was transported from Senegal to Brazil. Old tires destined for recycling carried Ae. albopictus to the USA, Brazil, and then Italy. The pandemic of the plague at the end of the nineteenth century was propagated from harbour to harbour by steamers carrying both infected rats and their fleas Xenopsylla cheopsis. Aircrafts have reduced the travel time so much that in less than two days an insect could reach every point of the world. As soon as the airports had been built on the islands of French Polynesia, they were all colonized by Ae. aegypti. The same phenomenon occurred with midges (Fig. 2). Also, the construction of the airport on a Galapagos Island coincided with the importation of the blackfly Simulium bipunctatum from the continent. In addition, infected malaria mosquitos imported from tropical countries reached Europe and contaminated airport employees and local inhabitants. Six cases of malaria were recorded during the summer of 1994 around the Charles de Gaulle Airport, north of Paris, suggesting that the anophelines could have been imported from West and Central African countries which are served by this airport. The serious threat of vector importation is moderated by the vector's difficulty in adapting to new conditions. However any prediction is questionable.

Animals↗