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Biomedical subjects

T Fukunaga

Publications and source records attributed to T Fukunaga.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Mechanical efficiency in rowing.

Five university oarsmen participated in a determination of mechanical efficiency when rowing in a tank. In the tank, water was circulated at 3 m X s-1 by a motor driven pump. The subjects rowed with the stepwise incremental loading, in which the intensity increased by 10% of the maximum force of rowing (maxFc) every 2 min. Power (WO) was calculated from the force applied to the oarlock pin (FC) and its angular displacement (theta H). Oxygen uptake and heart rate were measured every 30 s during rowing. Anaerobic threshold (AT) was determined from expired gas variables by Wasserman's method. AT of oarsmen was 74.6 +/- 6.01% as a percentage of VO2max. As the displacement of the handgrip in the stroke was independent of WO, the increment of WO was caused by the increase of both FC and stroke frequency. Gross efficiency without base-line correction (GE) increased with FC with low intensities of rowing. In the region of 124-182 W of WO GE was almost constant at 17.5%. Efficiency was 19.8 +/- 1.4%, with resting metabolism as base-line correction (net efficiency), and 27.5 +/- 2.9% when using the unloaded rowing as the base-line correction (work efficiency), and 22.8 +/- 2.2% when calculating the work rate as the base-line correction (delta efficiency).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Some properties of triacylglycerol lipase in chicken erythrocytes.

Membrane-bound acid lipase was found in the chicken erythrocytes ghosts, having an optimum pH of 4.5. The membrane-bound lipase showed its maximum activity at 38 degrees C, and it was stable below 45 degrees C. The bound lipase was activated by octyl glucoside and 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS), but it was markedly inhibited by chicken serum. The lipase was solubilized with CHAPS, but the solubilized lipase was labile. The solubilized lipase showed its maximum activity at pH 4.5, 38 degrees C, and it was stable below 40 degrees C. The solubilized lipase was activated by CHAPS and octyl glucoside. The lipase was markedly inhibited by chicken serum. The solubilized lipase have a molecular mass more than 230,000 by Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Trial of inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine in children with underlying diseases.

Two shots of inactivated Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine were given to children, 139 with underlying diseases and 42 healthy, and their antibody responses were studied by the neutralization test. Before vaccination, most of the vaccinees did not have antibody against JE virus. One month after the second vaccination, they were all seroconverted and showed considerably high neutralizing titres. One healthy child developed fever on the day of vaccination without any severe symptoms afterwards, and no side reactions were observed in the handicapped children. These results suggest that the current JE vaccine is safe and can induce a strong immune response even in handicapped children.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1986

Influence of subtypes of fast-twitch fibers on isokinetic strength in untrained men.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of the subtypes of fast-twitch (FT) fibers on the peak torque per unit cross-sectional area in working muscle. Muscle biopsies were taken from the right vastus lateralis of nine healthy untrained men. Using staining for myofibrillar ATPase after preincubation at pH 4.3 and 4.6, muscle fibers were classified as slow-twitch (ST), FTa, and FTb. Cross-sectional area of the leg extensor muscles was measured by ultrasonic method. Maximum voluntary strength for the leg extensor muscles was determined as peak torques with constant angular velocity using an isokinetic dynamometer. The peak torques at various angular velocities (30, 60, 120, and 180 degrees/s) indicated statistically significant positive correlations to the percent number and area of FTa fibers in m. vastus lateralis. Other fiber types, such as ST or FTb, however, were not correlated significantly to the peak torques at all angular velocities. A significant positive correlation of 0.766 (180 deg/s) was observed between peak torque per unit cross-sectional area of the leg extensor muscle and the percent number of FTa fibers. These results suggest that in untrained men, the percent number of FTa fibers plays a more important role in producing high peak torques than the percent number of FTb and ST and that even if muscle cross-sectional area is equal, a muscle with a high percent number of FTa fibers can exert higher isokinetic strength.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Acetaldehyde syndrome after celiac plexus alcohol block.

In the course of celiac plexus alcohol block, facial flushing, palpitations, and hypotension are occasionally incurred in some patients. We hypothesized that the phenomenon represents acetaldehyde syndrome, not response to increased blood levels of ethanol as might be supposed. In order to prove our hypothesis, we selected five patients scheduled to undergo celiac plexus alcohol block, and, with their consent, we measured blood concentration of ethanol and acetaldehyde before and for 6 hr after the block. We also determined the phenotypes of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in their hair roots. We found that "flushers" are found exclusively among subjects without ALDH I, and that their blood levels of acetaldehyde were significantly higher than those of "non-flushers" within 10 min after the block. The flushers also gave histories of facial flushing after ingestion of small amounts of ethanol. On the basis of such histories one can anticipate whether acetaldehyde syndrome is likely or unlikely to accompany the block.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed1985

Rapid focus reduction neutralization test of Japanese encephalitis virus in microtiter system. Brief report.

An improved rapid focus reduction neutralization test for Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus in microtiter system was developed. 96-well tissue culture plates were used for preparation of cell monolayers and PAP (peroxidase-antiperoxidase) staining technique was used for visualization of foci of infected cells. As the test has many advantages over other methods, it might be applied widely for rapid diagnosis and seroepidemiological studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Triacylglycerol lipase in bovine erythrocytes.

Acid lipase activity was found in the bovine erythrocyte ghosts, but little neutral or alkaline lipase activity was observed in the erythrocytes. The membrane-bound lipase showed a remarkable activity in the ghosts only after hemolysis. The membrane-bound lipase showed its maximum activity at pH 4.5, 38 degrees C, and it was stable below 40 degrees C. The hydrolysis rate was linear with time up to 60 min, and was proportional to the amount of enzyme up to 0.4 mg protein. The bound lipase was activated markedly by bovine serum albumin and slightly by octyl-glycoside. The lipase was remarkably inhibited by bovine serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Fatty acid compositions of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in hen liver lipid before and after sexual maturity.

Changes in fatty acid composition of triacylglycerols and phospholipids of the hen liver lipid on coming into egg production were described. Of the major fatty acids of triacylglycerols, a high content of oleate and low content of stearate and polyenoic acids were observed in the hen liver at all ages (97 to 167 days of age). In contrast, high stearate and polyenoic acids were present in the liver phospholipids at all ages. The oleate content in triacylglycerols was twice that of phospholipids. Triacylglycerols of the hen liver were more unsaturated than phospholipids throughout the experiment. The triacylglycerols of the control and estrogenized male chicks were also more unsaturated than the phospholipids. The distribution patterns of carbon-18 fatty acids (stearate, oleate, and linoleate) of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in liver lipid were examined. Both females and males showed similar distribution patterns of carbon-18 fatty acids of the triacylglycerols. In the phospholipids, all birds also showed similar distribution patterns, but these patterns were distinctly different from those of the triacylglycerols.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Some properties of acid lipase in the defatted liver from the laying hen (Gallus domesticus).

Acid lipase activity was found in the defatted liver from the laying hen, but little neutral or alkaline lipase activity was observed in the liver. Most of acid lipase was in the insoluble fraction of the defatted liver, and the enzyme was solubilized by sonication at 9 kHz for 50 min in a slightly alkaline solution. The lipase showed its maximum activity at pH 5.0, 38 degrees C. It was stable below 40 degrees C and over the pH range from 4.0 to 9.0. Detergents, serum of the laying hen and the soluble fraction from the defatted liver homogenate from the laying hen markedly inhibited the lipase activity. The lipase solubilized by sonication was large in molecular mass, suggesting that the preparation formed colloidal particles.

Animals↗