[A case of small cell carcinoma of the pancreas, response to the modified CHOP therapy].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
T Fukazawa
Publications and source records attributed to T Fukazawa.
Acute transverse myelopathy in multiple sclerosis: clinical and laboratory analyses.
Seventy-three consecutive patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) were classified into 2 subgroups: group A, consisting of 21 patients who had shown acute transverse myelopathy (ATM) during the course of illness; and group B, 52 patients without ATM. The clinical features of these 2 groups were analysed prospectively, and MRI findings, trimodal evoked potentials (EPs), CSF analyses and HLA profiles were compared between 2 groups, and some significant differences were found. Clinical analyses showed later onset, less frequent occurrence of brainstem, cerebellar and cerebral symptoms, and more frequent and severe involvements of the optic nerve in group A compared with group B, and the clinical features of group B were quite similar to those of previous western series. On MRI findings, the degree of cerebral white matter and periventricular lesions were higher in group B, the moderate, large, ovoid or confluent lesions were lower in number in group A, and brainstem lesions were less common in group A. The number of the patients with abnormal findings on brainstem auditory EPs (BAEPs) were smaller in group A. HLA-DRw8 was significantly increased and DR9 was significantly decreased in group B compared with controls. HLA-DQw7 and DR4 were raised in group A and group B, respectively, and the frequency of DQW7 and DR4 were different between these 2 groups. The patients in group A may be different clinically, genetically and possibly pathologically from those in group B, and seem to constitute a distinct subgroup in patients with MS.
Acute Disease↗
Augmentation of alpha-actinin-induced gelation of actin by talin.
Interactions among the three major constituents of focal adhesions, talin, actin, and alpha-actinin, were studied. No evidence was obtained for the direct interaction between talin and alpha-actinin. Both talin and alpha-actinin increased the rate and extent of polymerization of actin, and their effects were additive. Whereas talin alone exhibited very little actin-gelating activity, it potentiated markedly the gelation in the presence of alpha-actinin and lowered the concentration of alpha-actinin necessary for the gel formation. Its gelation-potentiating activity on prepolymerized actin was much smaller than observed on G-actin. Treatment of talin with a cross-linking reagent, 1-ethyl-3[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbodiimide or dimethyl suberimidate, resulted in the formation of its oligomeric polypeptides. The complexes of talin and G-actin were also demonstrated with the cross-linking reagents and fluorescence-labeled actin. These results indicate that talin is able to cross-link some limited regions of actin filaments.
Actinin↗
Increase of O 2p unoccupied electronic states within the ab plane of YBa2Cu3O6.8 due to a superconducting transition.
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Journal Article↗
Effects of methylmercury on primary cultured rat hepatocytes: cell injury and inhibition of growth factor stimulated DNA synthesis.
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Animals↗
MRI findings of multiple sclerosis with acute transverse myelopathy.
We classified clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who underwent brain MRI with superconductive magnet into 2 subgroups: group A, consisting of 14 patients who had shown acute transverse myelopathy (ATM) during the course of illness; and group B, 35 patients without ATM, and the same neuroradiologist, blinded to clinical profiles of the patients, investigated the MR scans. We analyzed some parameters such as distribution, size, shape and number of the lesions. Although the total number of lesions were similar in each group, and the number of small size or patchy shape solitary lesions were not different, the moderate, large, ovoid or confluent lesions were lower in number in group A, compared with group B. The degree of cerebral white matter lesions and periventricular lesions were higher in group B. Brainstem lesions were significantly less common in group A. These results show characteristic differences in MR-detected, possibly pathological, changes between these 2 groups, and support our previous report that group A may constitute a distinct subgroup in patients with MS.
Adult↗
Evoked otoacoustic emissions in a nonlinear model of the cochlea.
A nonlinear, transmission-line-analog model of the ear is presented for the purpose of simulating the experimental data of delayed evoked otoacoustic emissions (DEOAEs). The model produces echoes very similar to DEOAEs in the latency, saturation and spectral features when hypothetical, highly damped points arranged on the BM with an equal spacing are assumed. Special attention is payed to the reason for the long latency of DEOAEs. In the model, the delay occurs spuriously by cancellation of components scattered from the irregular points and is longer than the simple round trip time of the travelling wave from the stapes to the place of characteristic frequency. The echoes in the model are basically linear for the low intensity stimuli and only when the stimuli surpass a certain level they saturate owing to the nonlinearity of the BM damping.
Acoustic Stimulation↗
HLA profiles of multiple sclerosis in Hokkaido, the northernmost island of Japan.
We studied HLA haplotypes in 43 consecutive clinically definite MS patients in Hokkaido. The patients were classified into Group A, 12 patients with acute transverse myelopathy (ATM) during the course of illness, and Group B, 31 without ATM. We found an association with HLA-DQw7 in Group A, and with DR4 and DRw8 in Group B. The frequency of DQw7 and DR4 were significantly different between Groups A and B. This study may indicate the different genetic backgrounds between the groups. DRw8 and DRw52 antigens were significantly more common in MS than in controls. Our result is inconsistent with previous Japanese studies, and ethnic variation might be considered as a possible cause of the contradiction.
Adult↗
Multiple sclerosis in Hokkaido, the northernmost island of Japan: prospective analyses of clinical features.
We analyzed the clinical features of multiple sclerosis (MS) prospectively seen between July 1986 and October 1989 on Hokkaido island, the northernmost part of Japan. Clinical features were generally considered to be intermediate between the previous Japanese reports and those of Western countries. Devic's disease was rare and simultaneous bilateral visual loss at on set was not too common this series, differing from that previously reported of Japanese MS. The high incidence of acute transverse myelopathy and lesser involvement of the cerebellum, however, support the previous view. Further clinical and epidemiological studies will be necessary on this island.
Adult↗
[Hyperbilirubinemia associated with sepsis in the elderly].
In order to elucidate the frequency of hyperbilirubinemia associated with sepsis in the elderly, as well as in clinical and histological characteristics, a total of 117 autopsy cases with sepsis were analyzed retrospectively. Based on the clinico-pathological findings, 48 cases with primary hepato-biliary, cardiac, hematological and shock complications, were excluded because these disorders were thought to affect liver function tests. Four cases out of the remaining 69 cases, 5.8% of the total, showed hyperbilirubinemia above 2 mg/dl (average 4.1 mg/dl), which was thought to be associated with sepsis itself. In these 4 cases, disproportionately high levels of blood total bilirubin were characteristic compared to changes of GOT, GPT, LDH, ALP and gamma-GTP levels. Blood culture of these 4 cases revealed Gram-negative organisms in 3 cases and Gram-positive in 1 case. Histological findings of the liver included cholestasis, Kupffer cell hyperplasia and cell infiltration in the sinusoid and portal areas, however these findings were mild and nonspecific. It is important to recognize the presence of hyperbilirubinemia associated with sepsis in order to properly treat febrile elderly patients with hyperbilirubinemia.
Aged↗
[Clinical characteristics and liver dysfunction in lymphocyte stimulation test-positive elderly].
In order to clarify the characteristics of the side effects of drugs in the elderly, we evaluated clinical features and liver function in 40 lymphocyte stimulation test (LST)-positive elderly. Their ages ranged from 64 to 90 years, with a mean age of 75 years. The major causative agents were antituberculosis agents, antibiotics and antiinflammatory agents, comprising 28%, 22% and 12% of whole drugs, respectively. Liver dysfunction, skin eruptions and fever were the major causes for carrying out LST. The mean latent period was 15 days, and in 80% of the cases, the side effect developed within four weeks after administration of the causative agent. Major clinical symptoms noted during the course were detected in more than the half of the cases. As for liver dysfunction, elevation of GOT, ALP and total bilirubin levels were noted in 76, 63 and 34% of the cases, respectively. These results showed that the hypersensitive side effects of the drugs could appear at any age even in the elderly, and clinical symptoms were often nonspecific and obscure. It was suggested that the presence of mild liver dysfunction and eosinophilia could be helpful markers for the early detection of drug-induced organ dysfunctions as well as careful observation. The possibility of the occurrence of the side effects must be considered on every drug administration. Presence of mild liver dysfunction and eosinophilia may be helpful markers for the early detection of drug-induced organ dysfunction.
Aged↗
[Two cases of recurrent optic neuritis (OPN) and acute transverse myelopathy (ATM) with associated anticardiolipin antibodies].
We investigated anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay with adding aCL-cofactor in two cases of recurrent OPN and ATM patients. These two patients had similar clinical features with ATM and OPN during their clinical courses. They were supposed to be suffered with multiple sclerosis (MS), although cranial MRI was normal and oligoclonal IgG band (OCB) was consistently absent in the cerebrospinal fluid. Positive aCL is suggestive that this disease may be a disorder associated with aCL with different etiology and pathogenesis from other MS patients. Serologic testing for aCL with aCL-cofactor should be warranted for MS patients, especially for those showing OPN and ATM during the clinical course, because in orientals the incidence of ATM and OPN is relatively high among MS.
Acute Disease↗
[A case of benign intracranial hypertension with fluctuated symptoms and CSF pressure synchronized with menstrual cycle].
A 39-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of repeated severe headache, nausea and diplopia. On admission she was obese with bilateral papilledma and abducens weakness. Mass lesion and sinus thrombosis were ruled out by brain CT and angiography. CSF pressure was normal initially. CSF pressure fluctuated with menstrual cycle, sometimes showing over 600 mmH2O with worsening of the symptoms. She was diagnosed as benign intracranial hypertension (BIH). Diuretics did not improve the symptoms, and visual disturbances ensued and deteriorated. A spinal subarachnoid space-peritoneal shunt was inserted to control CSF pressure, showing rapid improvement of headache and diplopia but visual disturbances remained almost unchanged. Optic nerve sheath fenestration was performed without improvement of visual deterioration. We postulated multiple factors such as obesity, menstrual abnormality, iron deficiency anemia and analgesic drugs played important roles to produce BIH in this case. Careful quantitative perimetry should be done to decide a suitable time for surgical treatment in BIH.
Adult↗
The histopathology of the liver in older patients with hepatitis B virus surface antigenaemia.
The histopathology of the liver and the detectability of intrahepatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers were studied in 34 autopsy cases in elderly patients (mean age 73.9 years, range 60-91 years) who had had a history of positive HBV surface antigenaemia prior to death. Seven of 14 persistent HBV carrier cases (group A) in which long-lasting HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) carriage in the sera had been confirmed by sequential assays, and 5 out of 15 HBV-infected people (group C, single assay) showed significant primary liver damages including chronic hepatitis, toxic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In 5 cases (group B), one of which was type B liver cirrhosis, HBsAg became negative and HBsAb appeared during the follow-up period (up to 33 months). Among confirmed HBV carriers, HBsAg and HBV core antigen were most frequently found in the liver of cirrhotic cases with and without hepatocellular carcinoma (5 of 6), whereas these were rarely detected in those with non-specific changes or slight hepatitic activity (1 of 7). All 5 cases in group B were negative for histological HBV-related antigens and the findings in group C were variously interpreted. Post-mortem cases of the aged HBV carriers who survived their mean life expectancy represent an important population in which to study the natural history of HBV carriers.
Aged↗
HTLV-1 associated myelopathy combined with chronic thyroiditis.
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Human T-lymphotropic virus 1↗
Pathogenesis of a newly isolated rat virus in newborn and juvenile rats.
The pathogenesis of the UT-1 strain, a newly isolated rat virus (RV), in juvenile and newborn rats was examined. Intracerebrally (ic) inoculated newborns developed severe pantropic infections resulting in emaciation, stunted growth, diarrhea, dehydration and icterus, and died 13 to 15 days after the inoculation. Newborns inoculated intraperitoneally (ip) developed similar, but milder diseases. The virus replicated in all the organs tested, which was followed by severe viremia. Histopathologically, diffuse vacuolation and necrosis of the hepatocytes were observed in the liver. Juvenile rats inoculated with the virus showed neither clinical signs nor histopathologic lesions, although viral recovery and antibody production were observed. Thus, we conclude that the UT-1 strain of RV caused asymptomatic infections in juvenile rats, and fatal infections with hepatic lesions in newborn rats.
Age Factors↗
The advantage of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a method of microbiological monitoring for rat virus (RV).
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was tested to detect antibodies against rat virus (RV). The purified ELISA antigens were prepared from rat embryonic cells infected with RV-13 (prototype strain) and UT-2 (Japanese isolate), respectively. Western blotting analysis confirmed that both of these antigens had three structural polypeptides (81 K, 61 K, and 59 K). Eleven laboratory and wild rat colonies in Japan were tested for rat virus contamination, serologically. No significant differences in the sero-positive ratio and the distributions of ELISA titers were demonstrated in the ELISA, using antigens from RV-13 and UT-2. ELISA was more sensitive and specific for detecting antibodies against RV from rat serum rather than hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. This study also confirmed that the RV contaminated widely in colonies of laboratory and wild rats in Japan, and suggested that RV would have to be checked during the microbiological monitoring of laboratory rats.
Animals↗
[A clinicopathological study of thymomas, with special reference to evaluation of malignant grade by morphometric analysis].
To determine the factors influencing the extent and recurrence of thymoma, 31 cases of thymoma who had undergone complete resection were analyzed clinicopathologically with special reference to the nuclear area of epithelial cells. The mean tumor size and incidence of recurrence of stage III thymomas were significantly larger and higher than those of stage I thymomas. The nuclear area of epithelial cells of stage III thymomas (72.9 +/- 29.2 micron 2) was significantly larger than that of stage I thymomas (48.4 +/- 13.2 micron 2) or stage II thymomas (49.4 +/- 11.6 micron 2). The nuclear area of thymomas with recurrence (70.2 +/- 21.5 micron 2) was significantly larger than that of those without recurrence (50.2 +/- 12.8 micron 2). In 16 cases who were followed up for 5 years or more, the nuclear areas were over 50 micron 2 in all thymomas with recurrence, while in 8 of 11 thymomas without recurrence it was under 50 microns 2. These results indicated that the tumor size and nuclear area increased step-wisely in association with the advance of clinical stage and that the incidence of recurrence was related to not only clinical stage but also nuclear area. Thymomas with large nuclear area (over 50 microns 2) are considered to be a high-risk group of recurrence and should be carefully followed up.
Adult↗