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Biomedical subjects

T Fukaya

Publications and source records attributed to T Fukaya.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

HTLV-I-associated myelopathy in a patient with adult T-cell leukemia.

Disseminated erythematous papules and plaques developed in a 60-year-old man 3 years before the appearance of neurologic manifestations. A biopsy specimen of the plaque revealed Pautrier's microabscess and a dense mononuclear cell infiltration with atypical convoluted nuclei in the papillary dermis. These cells were helper/inducer T lymphocytes that expressed the interleukin 2 receptor. The patient's white blood cell count was normal, but 1% atypical lymphocytes and a high titer of anti-human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-I antibody were detected in his serum. A smoldering type of adult T-cell leukemia was diagnosed. While he was being treated with PUVA, a gait disturbance developed. A high titer of anti-HTLV-I antibody, characteristic of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy, was demonstrated in his cerebrospinal fluid.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Beta-adrenergic stimulation induces intracellular Ca++ increase in human epidermal keratinocytes.

Intracellular Ca++ ([Ca++]i) is one of the most important second messengers of extracellular signals that induce cellular responses. In epidermal keratinocytes, both extracellular and intracellular Ca++ are reported to be important to cell differentiation and proliferation. Several mechanisms that increase [Ca++]i have been elicited in various tissues; however, in epidermal keratinocytes they remain unknown. Thus, we investigated the [Ca++]i modulation in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes and the stimulation that increases the concentration. The [Ca++]i concentration of keratinocytes was increased immediately and transiently by epinephrine. Methoxamine hydrochloride and clonidine (alpha-1- and 2-adrenergic agonists) did not induce an increase in [Ca++]i. The beta-antagonist, propranolol, inhibited the [Ca++]i increase induced by epinephrine and salbutamol (a beta-2-agonist). These results reveal that the beta-adrenergic stimulation induces an immediate and transient [Ca++]i increase in human keratinocytes. Beta-adrenergic stimulation is known to induce adenylate cyclase activation, which results in cyclic AMP accumulation through stimulatory guanosine 5-triphosphate (GTP) binding proteins in the keratinocytes. Also, epinephrine is reported to inhibit cultured epidermal cell proliferation. The effect of epinephrine has been demonstrated by cyclic AMP accumulation; however, beta-adrenergic stimulation revealed a [Ca++]i increase in keratinocytes in our study. One of epinephrine's regulatory effects on epidermal cell proliferation is assumed to occur through the [Ca++]i increase as well.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1991

Transient retrocochlear low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss: a new clinical entity.

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) of varying types and extent developed in a number of the 963 patients who underwent microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. Fourteen of the patients with hearing loss had transient low-frequency SNHL. Low-frequency SNHL is seldom noted in patients with retrocochlear hearing loss, but five of these patients had Horner's syndrome or bulbar palsy. The results of Békésy audiometry, auditory brainstem response, and electrocochleography in the patients were also suggestive of brainstem pathology. Surgical records revealed that all of them had excessively short perforating arteries surrounding the entry zone of nerves VII and VIII, so that they had to be stretched during surgery. Occlusion of perforating arteries is suspected to have caused lateral brainstem infarction around the entry zone of nerves VII and VIII, and resulted in low-frequency SNHL.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Mouse monoclonal antibody (FKH1) detecting human melanoma-associated antigens: production, partial characterization and immunohistochemical analysis].

A mouse monoclonal antibody, FKH1, was produced to detect cytoplasmic melanoma-associated antigen. FKH1 was raised using cultured human melanoma cell line KHm-6 as immunogen. Reactivity of this antibody was assessed by immunohistochemical techniques. Positive reactions were seen against 5 human melanoma cell lines and cultured human epidermal melanocyte. It stained cytoplasm of melanoma cells in a diffuse and granular pattern with indirect immunofluorescence. Immunoelectron microscopy showed diffuse distribution of immuno-reactant in the cytoplasm of KHm-1 cells excluding melanosomes and other subcellular organelles. In immunoblotting, FKH1 bound with proteins having molecular weight of 71 kd and 55 kd extracted from KHm-6 cells. Reactivity against frozen and alcohol-fixed paraffin-embedded melanocytic tumors was also tested with indirect immunofluorescence or ABC (avidin biotin peroxidase complex) techniques. All cases of frozen sections from benign and malignant melanocytic tumors including 2 cases of amelanotic melanoma showed positive staining with FKH1. In fixed tissues, reactivity was 16/19 (84.2%) in malignant melanoma and 30/44 (68.2%) in other melanocytic tumors. FKH1 did not react against normal melanocytes, C-type nevus cell, intradermal nevus pigmentosus with neuroid structure and neurofibroma. It was demonstrated that FKH1 recognized proliferative melanocytes originated from melanoblast or melanoblastic nevoblast. FKH1 failed to stain normal human peripheral nerves and nonmelanocytic tumors except APUDoma and malignant Merkel cell tumor. In halo nevus, nevus cells were clearly distinguished from intermingling inflammatory cell infiltrate. It was suggested that FKH1 is a useful monoclonal antibody in diagnosing human malignant melanoma, particularly in evaluating tumor thickness of Breslow more precisely.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Translocation of protein kinase C from cytosol to membrane fractions in human epidermal keratinocytes by recombinant human interferon-gamma.

The activation of protein kinase C involves its translocation from a cytosol fraction to a membrane fraction. Effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on the epidermal protein kinase C were investigated. The treatment of recombinant human IFN-gamma on intact human epidermis resulted in the translocation of protein kinase C from a cytosol to a membrane fraction. The human IFN-gamma had no translocation effect on pig epidermal protein kinase C. Tumor promoter, 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), and a membrane-permeable diacylglycerol analogue, 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (OAG), both of which are well-known activators of protein kinase C, translocated the epidermal protein kinase C. The IFN-gamma had no direct effect on the epidermal protein kinase C; the addition of the IFN-gamma to partially-purified pig epidermal protein kinase C had no effect on its activity. The effect of the IFN-gamma on human epidermal protein kinase C appears to be through the species specific IFN-gamma receptors. It has been reported that the epidermal beta-adrenergic adenylate cyclase response is decreased following the TPA- (and OAG-) induced activation of protein kinase C. Human recombinant IFN-gamma, however, had no effect on the beta-adrenergic response of the human epidermis. Our results indicate that IFN-gamma affects intact keratinocytes in vitro, resulting in the activation of protein kinase C, which might be related to the physiological effect of IFN-gamma on keratinocyte.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Detection of left main coronary artery stenosis by transesophageal color Doppler and two-dimensional echocardiography.

Although transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography can detect dilation of the coronary arteries, the reliability of this technique in the detection of coronary artery stenosis is still doubtful. The purpose of this study was to test the ability of newly developed biplane transesophageal color Doppler and two-dimensional echocardiography in the detection of left main coronary artery stenosis. Blood flow in the left main coronary artery was detected in 57 of 67 (85%) patients by transesophageal color Doppler flow imaging. Using transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography, adequate images of the full length of the left main coronary artery and identification of the bifurcation were obtained in 60 of 67 (90%) patients. Transesophageal echocardiography clearly showed significant (greater than or equal to 50%) narrowing of the coronary lumen in 10 of 11 patients (sensitivity, 91%) and insignificant narrowing or no abnormalities of the coronary lumen in the other 49 patients (specificity, 100%). The positive predictive accuracy for left main coronary artery disease was 100%, and the negative predictive accuracy was 98%. This preliminary study suggests that biplane transesophageal color Doppler and two-dimensional echocardiography appears to be a feasible noninvasive technique for imaging the left main coronary artery and detecting hemodynamically significant luminal obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Assessment of mitral regurgitation by biplane transesophageal color Doppler flow mapping.

To test the role of recently developed biplane transesophageal color Doppler echocardiography in the assessment of severity of mitral regurgitation, we examined 51 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization and left ventriculography. Transesophageal color Doppler flow imaging detected mitral regurgitation in all 32 patients proved to have this lesion. In 10 of 16 patients without mitral regurgitation by angiography, mitral regurgitation signals were detected by transesophageal color Doppler flow imaging. Thus, the sensitivity and specificity of transesophageal color Doppler echocardiography for the detection of mitral regurgitation were 100% and 38%, respectively. There was some correlation between the regurgitant jet area from the longitudinal plane and angiographic grading. An improved angiographic correlation was achieved with the regurgitant jet area from the transverse plane. The best correlation with angiography was obtained when the maximum regurgitant jet area from two planes (the greater of the two measurements, each from a different plane) was considered. There was a significant difference in the maximum regurgitant jet area between none and mild (p less than 0.01), mild and moderate (p less than 0.001), and moderate and severe (p less than 0.01) mitral regurgitation. The maximum regurgitant jet area of less than 1.5 cm2 predicted the angiographic grading as none with a sensitivity and specificity of 88% and 94%, respectively. The maximum regurgitant jet of between 1.5 and 4 cm2 predicted the angiographic grading as mild with a sensitivity and specificity of 82% and 95%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Ultraviolet action spectrum for intracellular free Ca2+ increase in human epidermal keratinocytes.

Effects of UV on normal human epidermal keratinocytes were studied by measuring the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) using fluorescence ratio imaging (fura-2-AM). Upon UV irradiation the [Ca2+]i increased sharply after a certain lag time, and the UV sensitivity was higher at lower temperatures. Statistically the distribution of [Ca2+]i became broader as the mean values became larger, and the number of affected cells increased sharply above a certain fluence (light intensity x time [photons/cm2]) at all wavelengths studied (200-400 nm). The action spectrum showed a single peak at about 230 nm and decreased gradually toward longer-wavelength UV regions.

Calcium↗
PubMed1990

Transient paraplegia caused by acute aortic dissection--case report.

A case of acute aortic dissection (AAD) presenting as sudden, transient paraplegia and severe back pain is reported. The patient was a 66-year-old male with a 10-year-history of hypertension. The pain characteristically migrated from the back to the neck and then returned to the back. He showed complete transverse myelopathy at the level of the 9th thoracic cord. Computed tomography disclosed internal displacement of aortic intimal calcifications, without abnormalities in the spinal canal, and myelography showed no spinal canal block or stenosis. Electrocardiography and chest x-ray indicated nonspecific changes of high amplitudes and mild cardiomegaly, respectively. Together, these findings suggested acute aortic dissection with spinal cord ischemia. The initial systolic blood pressure of 220 mmHg was lowered with medication, and the pain was controlled with morphine. He recovered fully and was discharged 80 days after the onset of symptoms, with no neurological deficits. AAD carries a very poor prognosis unless treated immediately. Therefore, it is very important to promptly differentiate this disorder from spinal vascular conditions that also produce back pain and paraparesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Perilymphatic fistula: differential diagnosis from Menière's disease].

Records of 77 patients who had surgically proven perilymphatic fistula (PLF) from 1979 through 1988 were reviewed. During this period, 16 patients had a fluctuating hearing loss in association with spells of vertigo. Ten of these patients had been diagnosed as having Menière's disease by at least one otolaryngologist before exploration for PLF. Audio-vestibular functions were compared between these PLF patients and those with classic Menière's disease. The following factors are associated with a high incidence of PLF: (1) Low frequencies hearing loss which has father deterioration within few days; (2) A rapidly fluctuating low frequencies hearing loss with wide variability; (3) Very long duration of positional nystagmus; (4) Absence of canal paresis. PLFs often mimicked Menière's disease, although these patients did not have classic Menière's symptoms. This study emphasizes this overlap.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Inhibin: a new circulating marker of hydatidiform mole?

OBJECTIVE: To define the concentrations of inhibin in serum and tissue of patients with hydatidiform mole and assess their value as a clinical marker of the condition. DESIGN: Prospective study of new patients with hydatidiform mole, comparison of paired observations, and case-control analysis. SETTING: A university hospital, two large public hospitals, and a private women's clinic in Japan. PATIENTS: Seven consecutive referred patients seen over four months with newly diagnosed complete hydatidiform mole, including one in whom the mole was accompanied by viable twin fetuses (case excluded from statistical analysis because of unique clinical features). All patients followed up for six months after evacuation of molar tissue. END POINT: Correlation of serum inhibin concentrations with trophoblastic disease. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Serum concentrations of inhibin, human chorionic gonadotrophin, and follicle stimulating hormone were compared before and seven to 10 days after evacuation of the mole. Before evacuation the serum inhibin concentrations (median 8.3 U/ml; 95% confidence interval 2.4 to 34.5) were significantly greater than in 21 normal women at the same stage of pregnancy (2.8 U/ml; 2.1 to 3.6), and inhibin in molar tissue was also present in high concentrations (578 U/ml cytosol; 158 to 1162). Seven to 10 days after evacuation inhibin concentrations in serum samples from the same patients declined significantly to values (0.4 U/ml; 0.1 to 1.4) similar to those seen in the follicular phase of normal menstrual cycles. None of the four patients whose serum inhibin concentrations were 0.4 U/ml or less after evacuation developed persistent trophoblastic disease. Though serum human chorionic gonadotrophin concentrations declined after evacuation (6.6 x 10(3) IU/l; 0.8 x 10(3) to 32.6 x 10(3], they remained far higher than in non-pregnant women. Serum follicle stimulating hormone concentrations remained suppressed. CONCLUSIONS: In this small study serum inhibin concentrations higher than those found in the early follicular phase one to two weeks after evacuation of a hydatidiform mole seemed to be specific for persistent trophoblastic disease. Further data are needed to confirm these promising results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Adult T cell leukemia: a case with massive hyperimmunoglobulinemia E.

Adult T cell leukemia, an endemic disease in the southwestern part of Japan, is characterized (1) by a short survival, (2) by leukemic T cells in peripheral blood that have lobulated nuclei and helper/inducer surface phenotypes, and (3) by cutaneous involvement. A 34-year-old man who had a history of atopic dermatitis was seen at our clinic because of generalized erythroderma and lymphadenopathy. His clinical course was rather chronic as compared with that of prototypic adult T cell leukemia; however, typical leukemia cells were observed in specimens taken from his peripheral blood and skin. The diagnosis of adult T cell leukemia was established by the patient's positive serum antibody reaction to adult T cell leukemia-associated antigen and monoclonal integration of virus genome in the patient's leukemia cell DNA. Interesting and characteristic of the patient were the very high levels of serum immunoglobulin E. With the use of an in vitro immunoglobulin production system with mitogen, the patient's T lymphocytes enhanced the differentiation of B cells, both from the patient and from a normal adult, into immunoglobulin E-producing cells. Therefore it may be speculated that T cells functioning as immunoglobulin E-specific helpers were transformed to leukemia cells by human T-lymphotropic virus type I. Continuous antigen stimulation of the patient's atopic diathesis also may be a factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative clinical study of roxithromycin and josamycin for suppurative skin and soft tissue infections by a double-blind method].

The clinical efficacy and safety of Roxithromycin (RU 28965, RU), a new macrolide preparation, were compared with those of Josamycin (JM) in superficial suppurative skin infections. The study was designed as double-blind controlled trial with daily dosages of 300 mg in RU group and 1200 mg in JM group. A total of 209 cases (RU:105; JM:104) was analyzed and the final global improvement rating was 82.9% in the RU group and 80.8% in the JM group; there was no significant difference between the two groups. Slight adverse reactions were observed in 3.6% (4 cases) of the RU group and in 4.6% (5 cases) of the JM group. In conclusion, RU at daily doses of 300 mg is as effective as JM at daily doses of 1200 mg in superficial suppurative skin infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Assessment of left-to-right atrial shunting after percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty by transesophageal color Doppler flow-mapping.

To evaluate left-to-right shunts after percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty, we studied 15 consecutive patients by using transesophageal color Doppler flow-imaging system. Transesophageal color Doppler examinations were performed five times in each patient (before valvuloplasty and 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after valvuloplasty). No shunt flow was observed before valvuloplasty. On 1 day after mitral valvuloplasty, transesophageal color Doppler echocardiography demonstrated left-to-right shunts in 13 (87%) of 15 patients. However, a significant oxygen step-up was present in the right heart in only one patient. The mean diameter of the interatrial septal defect detected by transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography was 1.8 +/- 1.0 mm. The mean velocity of left-to-right shunting flow measured by high-pulse repetition frequency Doppler technique was 0.83 +/- 0.38 m/sec. One week after the procedure, left-to-right shunt flow was detected in 11 (73%) patients. One month after valvuloplasty, left-to-right shunting flow was detected in seven (47%) of 15 patients. There was a significant decrease in the diameter of an interatrial septal defect between 1 day and 1 week (p less than 0.01), between 1 week and 1 month (p less than 0.01), and between 1 month and 6 months (p less than 0.05). Six months after valvuloplasty, left-to-right shunting flow remained in three (20%) patients. By using transthoracic color Doppler echocardiography, we detected left-to-right shunting flow in two patients on 1 day after the procedure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Dimensions of and vibrations in the round window membrane in cats.

The shape and size of the round window membrane and its vibratory pattern were investigated in cats by use of an optical displacement meter and time-averaged holography. The round window membrane is convex toward the scala tympani and appears to be almost elliptic in shape. The major and minor axes of the membrane are 2,273 and 1,934 microns. The mean degree of convexity is 1,975 microns. Under vibration the area of maximum displacement occurs anteriorly-superiorly at low frequency. As frequency is increased, the maximum displaced area shifts posteriorly-superiorly, then breaks up into several segments.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Audio-vestibular functions in patients with hemifacial spasm].

Audio-vestibular functions and its laterality were evaluated preoperatively on the affected side and the non-affected side of 57 patients operated upon to relieve hemifacial spasm (HFS). One patient had hearing impairment and tinnitus on the affected side and showed abrupt high tone sensorineural loss, directional preponderance and ABR abnormalities. On another patient, the latencies for wave III and V from the affected ear were prolonged, while there was no audiovestibular symptoms. However, there was no significant difference in audio-vestibular symptoms, ABR findings, pure tone thresholds and caloric results between the affected ears and the non-affected ears of the remainder. We believe that HFS and the microvascular compression of the eighth cranial nerve are two different diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Arthrography of recurrent dislocation of the TMJ--with special reference to the movement of the articular disk].

To investigate the movement of the articular disk in recurrent luxations, 4 temporomandibular joints in three patients were studied with the arthrotomographs. All the superior articular cavities were extended anteriorly. On the mouth open in two patients with recurrent subluxation, the mandibular head accompanied with the articular disk located very anterior position from the articular tubercle. At this time, the retro-discal pad were stretched, but the relation between mandibular head and articular disk were normal findings: the mandibular head located on the central thin part of the articular disk. One of them showed anterior disk displacement with reduction. The other patient showed the bone cavity at the anterior slope of the articular tubercle. On the mouth open, the mandibular head and posterior band fitted that cavity. The other hand, remaining one patient was recurrent luxation on the left side. On the mouth open, the relation between mandibular head and articular disk were abnormal findings: The mandibular head located very anterior position, over the articular tubercle and anterior band of the disk. Therefore, the inferior articular cavity was extended, but the retro-discal pad was not stretched. The anterior slope of the articular tubercle was steep. The other side TMJ of this patient was recurrent subluxation and anterior disk displacement with reduction. On the mouth open, it was showed the hypermobility of mandibular head. But the relation between mandibular head and articular disk were normal findings. As mentioned above, in luxation and subluxation, it was made obvious that there were tow types about the relation between mandibular head and articular disk on the mouth open: one type was that mandibular head located anteriorly to the anterior band of the disk, the other was under the disk.

Arthrography↗