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Biomedical subjects

T Fujiwara

Publications and source records attributed to T Fujiwara.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A study on human T cells bearing IgG-Fc receptor in patients with bladder tumor].

IgG-FcR+-T cell ratio was measured in 50 patients with bladder tumor as a parameter to estimate the cell mediated immunity before the treatment. IgG-FcR+-T cell was detected by the double rosette method, employing sheep erythrocytes and rabbit IgG antibody coated chicken erythrocytes. IgG-FcR+-T cell ratio in 50 patients with bladder tumor was 7.6 +/- 5.7% (mean +/- standard deviation), while that in controls consisting of 20 patients with other diseases but bladder tumor was 5.2 +/- 2.4%. There was no significant difference between them. IgG-FcR+-T cell ratio in the group in early stages (pTa, pT1 & pT2) was 5.4 +/- 4.5%, and that in the group in advanced stages (pT3a, pT3b & pT4) was 10.8 +/- 6.0%.--significant difference between them (p less than 0.001)--. IgG-FcR+-T cell ratio in the low graded group (G0 & G1) was 5.5 +/- 4.4% and that in the high graded group (G2 & G3) was 9.7 +/- 6.2%.--significant difference between them (p less than 0.01)--. IgG-FcR+-T cell ratio in patients with the serum level of CEA over 2.6 ng/ml was 12.5 +/- 6.3% and that under 2.5 ng/ml was 5.6 +/- 3.7%.--significant difference between them (p less than 0.001)--. In patients having IgG-FcR+-T cell ratio over 9%, there was a correlation between IgG-FcR+-T cell ratio and PHA-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis ratio (r = -0.81, p less than 0.01). In patients with the serum level of CEA over 2.6% ng/ml, PHA-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis was decreased significantly and IgG-FcR+-T cell ratio was increased significantly. These findings suggest that serum CEA may play a role to proliferate the IgG-FcR+-T cells in association with an inhibition of PHA-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

19-Deformyl-4'-deoxydesmycosin (TMC-016): synthesis and biological properties of a unique 16-membered macrolide antibiotic.

19-Deformyl-4'-deoxydesmycosin was synthesized by the following synthetic route: 19-Deformylation of desmycosin, 3,2',4''-tri-O-trimethylsilylation, 4'-O-sulfonylation, 4'-iodination, reductive deiodination and 3,2',4''-tri-O-detrimethylsilylation. Deformylation of the aldehyde group at the C-19 position was achieved by two different methods: A) A simple one-step deformylation using Wilkinson's catalyst ((Ph3P)3RhCl). B) Reductive decarboxylation of the 19-carboxyl derivative following NaClO2 oxidation of the aldehyde. 19-Deformyl-4'-deoxydesmycosin showed very strong antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

DNA strand scission by antitumor antibiotics. Detection of C-4'-hydroxylated abasic sites in DNA.

Detection of C-4'-hydroxylated abasic site in calf thymus DNA was investigated. Upon heating with neutral hydrazine (90 degrees C, 5 min) C-4'-hydroxylated abasic site formed by photo-excited Co(III)bleomycin was converted to the fragments having 3'-phosphoro-3''-pyridazinylmethylate as illustrated on Scheme 1. Subsequent enzymatic digestion of the reaction mixture provided four kinds of pyridazine mononucleotides (1, 2, 3, and 4). The fact that the amount of free bases released from calf thymus DNA corresponded well to the amount of pyridazines indicates this reaction can be used for detection of C-4'-hydroxylated abasic site in DNA. By this assay, we first identified the formation of C-4'-hydroxy abasic sites in calf thymus DNA by neocarzinostatin.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1989

[Caries-inducing activity of isomaltooligosugar (IMOS) in in vitro and rat experiments].

The caries-inducing activity of Isomaltooligosugar (IMOS: a isomaltose rich sugar mixture) was examined in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Strains of Streptococcus mutans MT8148R and Streptococcus sobrinus 6715 fermented IMOS and produced acids. IMOS inhibited the glucan synthesis from sucrose by glucosyltransferases from both of S. mutans and S. sobrinus. Furthermore, IMOS inhibited sucrose-dependent adherence of those mutans streptococci. IMOS was found to induce significant but minimal caries SPF Sprague-Dawley rats infected with either MT8148R and 6715. However, IMOS did not inhibit the caries which was induced by sucrose.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Non-cariogenicity of maltitol in vitro and animal experiments].

The caries inducing activity of maltitol was examined in in vitro and animal experiments. Fifteen strains of oral streptococci were not able to ferment maltitol. Also, maltitol inhibited the glucan synthesis from sucrose by GTases from mutans streptococci. However, the inhibition of growing-cell adherence was not so marked with the addition of maltitol to sucrose culture. In the animal experiments, maltitol did not induced dental caries in rats infected with mutans streptococci. Furthermore, maltitol significantly inhibited the sucrose-induced dental caries in rats infected with S. sobrinus 6715. However, there was no significant difference in rats infected with S. mutans MT8148R. These results indicated that maltitol is useful as a non-cariogenic sucrose substitute.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Properties of factor VIII/von Willebrand factor in two highly-purified factor VIII concentrates, Hemofil M and Monoclate, using monoclonal antibodies].

Properties of F. VIII/vWF in highly-purified factor VIII concentrates were examined using monoclonal antibodies. The F. VIII: C levels obtained with the chromogenic assay agreed with those obtained with the one-stage clotting method. The ratio between F. VIII: Ag and F. VII: C in Hemofil M and Monoclate was 1.09 and 1.34, respectively. The F. VIII: Ag levels assayed by monoclonal ELISAs were the same as those assayed by polyclonal ELISA, except that those assayed by C 5-ELISA tended to be higher. The ratio between F. VIII: Ag and vWF: Ag in Hemofil M and Monoclate was 105 and 45, respectively. Both concentrates lacked the large multimers of vWF and showed the intensification of the satellite bands. SDS-PAGE patterns showed almost no contamination. Immunoblot analysis revealed that F. VIII in both concentrates could react with 6 kinds of monoclonal antibodies to F. VIII. These results suggest that the fundamental structure of F. VIII molecule for coagulant activity in both concentrates are preserved.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of nitroglycerin on the graft flow during aortocoronary bypass surgery].

The effects of an intravenous infusion of nitroglycerin on the hemodynamics and bypass graft flow to left coronary artery were studied in sixteen patients during coronary artery surgery. Systolic blood pressure, cardiac output and left ventricular minute work were not affected by 0.2 microgram/kg/min of nitroglycerin but graft flow volume especially diastolic graft flow increased significantly and the characteristics of flow velocity waveform in the graft became more diastolic predominant. By 1 microgram/kg/min of nitroglycerin a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure, cardiac output and graft flow were recognized, however diastolic graft flow was preserved despite of a decrease in left ventricular minute work. These findings demonstrate that nitroglycerin can be safely administered intravenously during aortocoronary bypass surgery, and suggest that nitroglycerin improves the balance of myocardial oxygen demand and supply, and relieves myocardial ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Relationship between histologic type of primary lung cancer and carbon-11-L-methionine uptake with positron emission tomography.

L-[Methyl-11C]-methionine [( 11C]methionine) has proved to be one of the useful amino acids for the diagnosis of human cancer. We examined whether there was any correlation between [11C]methionine uptake and histologic type of primary lung cancer. Sixteen patients with nine squamous cell carcinoma, five large cell carcinoma, one small cell carcinoma, and one adenocarcinoma were studied using positron emission tomography (PET). All patients had high accumulation of [11C]methionine in lung tumors. We evaluated [11C]methionine uptake into the tumor by a semiquantitative value, DUR (Differential Uptake Ratio). There was significant difference (p less than 0.01, Mann-Whitney test) of [11C]methionine uptake between large cell carcinoma (3.98 +/- 0.27) and squamous cell carcinoma (2.92 +/- 0.30). The result suggested that there was correlation between [11C]methionine accumulation and the histologic type of lung cancer. This indicates a new potential applicability of [11C]methionine PET for the study of lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Rapid and sensitive response of carbon-11-L-methionine tumor uptake to irradiation.

Evaluation of cancer treatments by the measurement of tumor size is an unsatisfactory method for the observation of the radiobiologic response of the tumor. After 20 Gy single-dose irradiation of 60Co to rat tumor AH109A, the L-[methyl-11C] methionine tumor uptake, the microscopic extension of tumor necrosis and the shrinkage of tumor were compared quantitatively. L-[Methyl-11C]methionine uptake fell to 54 +/- 19% of non irradiated tumor at 12 hr after irradiation. Necrosis extended 49 +/- 7% of total tissue volume after 3 days. Tumor volume decreased 48 +/- 12% 10 days after irradiation. L-[Methyl-11C]methionine uptake by tumor showed a sharp and rapid linear decrease after irradiation and the response of the uptake to irradiation preceded the extension of necrosis and tumor shrinkage. We conclude that radiation effect on the tumor may be evaluated immediately after irradiation by the measurement of L-[methyl-11C]methionine uptake and thus clinical application of positron emission tomography may give a benefit to the patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

High frequency of spontaneous acute myocardial infarction due to small coronary artery disease in dead (NZWxBXSB)F1 male mice.

To determine whether or not male (NZWXBXSB)F1 [WXB)F1) mice exhibiting a lupus-like syndrome died of acute myocardial infarction (MI), and whether acute MI is directly related to small coronary artery disease, acute and old MIs were examined histologically in 55 dead (WXB)F1 male mice and 30 age-matched, surviving (WXB)F1 male mice used as a control group. In each heart from the 15 dead mice with MI and the five surviving mice without MI, 300 to 400 5-microns-thick serial sections were made; every fourth section was stained. Acute MI was found in 35 (64%) dead mice and in one (3%) survivors, whereas old MI was found in 50 (91%) dead mice and 17 (57%) survivors: a significant difference between the dead and surviving mice. The MIs were numerous, scattered, and small in most mice. Quantitative analysis revealed that the percentage of acute MI and old MI in the left ventricular (LV) wall was 6% +/- 11% and 3% +/- 3% in the dead group, and 0.4% and 2% +/- 3% in the control group. This indicated that recurrent acute MI is a major factor in the death of the mice. Although all the epicardial major coronary arteries of the (WXB)F1 male mice were intact, significant stenoses were noted in the intramyocardial small arteries. The serial sections in the 15 dead mice with MI revealed 1) segmental occlusive thrombi in the infarct-related small coronary artery in 14 of the 20 foci of acute anemic MIs, two of the 18 foci of acute hemorrhagic MIs, and four of the 58 foci of old MIs; and 2) segmental intimal thickenings in the infarct-related small artery in six of the 20 foci of acute anemic MIs, two of the 18 foci of acute hemorrhagic MIs, and 56 of the 58 foci of old MIs. There was no evidence of small coronary artery disease in the surviving mice without MI. The thrombus would result in thickened intima as MI progresses from the acute to the old stage. Because it was established that acute MI of hemorrhagic type follows reperfusion after transient occlusion of the coronary artery, hemorrhagic acute MI with rare incidence of thrombi in this mouse suggests that thrombolysis occurs after occlusion due to thrombus formation. Thus, the pathogenesis of multiple MIs is occlusive thrombi, recanalization in small coronary arteries or both. Some of the mice had dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)-like features (marked LV dilatation).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A cataract classification and grading system].

A cataract classification and grading system developed for cataract epidemiological survey was introduced. Cataractous opacities were classified into cortical, nuclear and subcapsular types. Gradings of cataract progression were divided into early (Grade I), moderate (II) and advanced (III) stages. The grading of cortical opacity was judged by the opaque area in a maximally dilated pupillary zone of which findings were obtained from a red-reflex image. The grading of nuclear opacity was judged from the intensity of scattering light at the nucleus. Three grading steps were based on the densitometrical analysis of photographed images. Subcapsular opacities were classified into three gradings by extensions up to the normal, moderately dilated and maximally dilated pupil size. Regarding cortical and unclear cataracts, standard images indicating border findings between Grades I and II and Grades II and III were provided to help with classification. Nuclear coloration was classified into pale yellow, yellow, brownish yellow and brown including reddish brown and black brown. To document cataractous findings, a recording chart was made.

Cataract↗
PubMed1989

[Multiple cerebral venous angiomas associated with mixed pial and dural arteriovenous malformation].

Venous angioma is a relatively rare entity of vascular malformations of the brain and usually found as a solitary lesion. Cases of multiple lesions and/or coupled with other vascular malformations are extremely rare. We present the first case of multiple supratentorial venous angiomas associated with mixed pial and dural arteriovenous malformation (AVM) fed by the posterior cerebral artery, the occipital artery and the posterior meningeal artery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Ultrastructural study of articular cartilage in experimental pyogenic arthritis.

Ultrastructural changes of the articular cartilage at the early stage of experimental pyogenic arthritis were studied by electron microscopy. The superficial zone of the cartilage at the site of the cartilage-synovium junction demonstrated far more changes than those at the site of the free surface of the articular cartilage. Changes were observed at the cartilage-synovium junction as early as four hours after the intraarticular injection of the infecting organism. The most interesting finding was migration of erythrocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes into the superficial zone of the cartilage at the early stage. The pericellular matrix in the middle zone became so loose in some areas that collagen fibrils were partially exposed after three days. The naked collagen fibrils were tapered, nicked and irregular in size after seven days.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Stereoselective disposition of nilvadipine, a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, in the rat and dog.

The stereoselective disposition of nilvadipine (NV), a new 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, was determined in male and female rats, and male dogs. After oral dosing of racemic NV to male rats, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of the pharmacologically more potent (+)-NV were 0.59-0.60 times those of (-)-NV. The apparent oral clearance (CLo) ratio of (+)- to (-)-NV was 1.69. The plasma elimination of the enantiomers were similar. In female rats, the plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters of the enantiomers did not significantly differ. In orally-dosed dogs, the Cmax and AUC of (+)-NV were 3.13 and 3.83 respectively times greater than those of (-)-NV. The enantiomeric ratio of CLo was 0.27, and the half-lives of the enantiomers were similar. After intravenous dosing to dogs, the plasma concentrations of (+)- and (-)-NV declined biexponentially with similar t1/2 beta values. The AUC of (+)-NV was 1.56 times more than that of (-)-NV. The enantiomeric ratios of systemic clearance and volume of distribution at steady state were 0.64 and 0.81, respectively. Thus, the stereoselective disposition of NV was species-dependent and sex-related in rats, and was dosing route-dependent in dogs. The free fraction value for protein binding of (+)-NV in dog plasma was only 0.50-0.51 times that of (-)-NV. The enantiomeric ratios of those values in male and female rat plasma were 1.14 and 0.98, respectively.

Administration, Oral↗