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T Fujiwara

Publications and source records attributed to T Fujiwara.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

N-[18F]fluoroacetyl-D-glucosamine: a potential agent for cancer diagnosis.

Positron labeled substrates such as sugars, amino acids, and nucleosides have been investigated for the in-vivo evaluation of biochemical processes in cancerous tissue. Hexosamines are obligatory structural components of many biologically important macromolecules, including membrane glycoproteins and mucopolysaccharide. We evaluated a new synthesized pharmaceutical, N-[18F]fluoroacetyl-D-glucosamine (18F-FAG), which is a structural analog of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. C3H/HeMsNRS mice bearing spontaneous hepatomas were used for the tissue distribution study. At 60 min after injection, high uptakes were found in tumor (5.16, mean value of %dose/g), liver (3.71), and kidney (3.27). The tumor uptake of 18F-FAG showed the highest value in all tissue. In the PET study, VX-2 carcinoma of the rabbit was clearly visualized. Our preliminary results suggest that 18F-FAG has potential as a new agent for tumor imaging.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1990

Surfactant replacement therapy with a single postventilatory dose of a reconstituted bovine surfactant in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome: final analysis of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial and comparison with similar trials. The Surfactant-TA Study Group.

The effects of a single dose of surfactant TA were assessed in premature neonates (birth weight 750 to 1749 g) with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in a multicenter, double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Only neonates with surfactant deficiency and without ultrasonographic evidence of intracranial hemorrhage greater than or equal to grade II were enrolled. Fifty-four patients received surfactant (100 mg of phospholipid per kilogram of body weight) and 46 patients received an air placebo within 8 hours of life. Treatment with this surfactant resulted in a significant reduction in the severity of RDS with a concomitant increase in the proportion of neonates with mild disease. The frequency of pulmonary interstitial emphysema and of pneumothorax was significantly lower in treated neonates compared with control neonates (2% vs 26%, P = .0008, and 7% vs 39%, P = .0004, respectively). The frequency of intracranial hemorrhage was significantly lower in the surfactant group compared with the control group (20% vs 54%, P = .0008) and was also reduced for the smallest neonates in the surfactant group (13% vs 73%, P = .00008). When categorized according to severity of intracranial hemorrhage and severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, the surfactant group was at a significant advantage (adjusted Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel X2 = 10.72, P less than .001 and X2 = 4.43, P = .036, respectively). The proportion of neonates surviving without intracranial hemorrhage and/or bronchopulmonary dysplasia was 63% in the surfactant group vs 26% in the control group (P = .0004); as for the smallest neonates, it was 58% in the surfactant group vs 4% in the control group (P = .0002). There were no differences between the groups with respect to the frequency of patent ductus arteriosus (46% vs 37%), pulmonary hemorrhage (6% vs 7%), necrotizing enterocolitis (0% vs 2%), sepsis (4% vs 2%), retinopathy of prematurity (13% vs 22%), or death (15% vs 22%). It is concluded that treatment with the single-dose surfactant regimen used in this study reduces the severity of respiratory distress during the 48 hours after treatment and decreases the major pulmonary morbidity and intracranial hemorrhage in premature neonates with RDS. Further studies are needed to determine whether (1) treatment at birth or as soon as after RDS is diagnosed and (2) the use of multiple dose of this surfactant would result in any additional benefits.

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia↗
PubMed1990

[A case of acute pericarditis secondary to mediastinitis].

A 45-year-old man who complained of swallowing disturbance and chest pain in inspiration phase was admitted for evaluation of "pericarditis". A chest X-ray film on admission disclosed a wide mediastinal shadow and pleural effusion on the right side. Bilateral tonsils were swollen, and covered with pus. A Computed tomogram of the chest showed a shadow of exudate contained with air in the mediastinum. Mediastinal drainage, tonsillectomy and drainage of fistula from pre-tracheal space to upper mediastinum were immediately performed. Staphylococcus aureus was confirmed from the sputum and mediastinal effusion. Thus, acute mediastinitis was confirmed as an etiological diagnosis of "pericarditis" in this patient.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Feasibility of subclassification of temporal lobe epilepsy (1989): an etiological overview.

Temporal lobe epilepsy with amygdalohippocampal seizures may have episodes of severe convulsions in childhood more frequently and the onset age is significantly lower compared to epilepsy with lateral temporal seizures. To the contrary, tumorous lesions are found more frequently in epilepsy with lateral temporal seizures. In view of the presumed known etiologies in relation to the localization of epileptogenic foci, the Classification of Epileptic Syndrome (1989), subdividing temporal lobe epilepsies into 2 groups, was found to be useful.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Differential diagnosis of lung tumor with positron emission tomography: a prospective study.

To predict the nature of non-calcifying lung tumors, we performed a prospective study of 46 cases with L-[methyl 11C]methionine (MET, 24 cases) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG, 22 cases) using positron emission tomography (PET). Mean tumor/muscle radioactivity ratios are 5.3 +/- 2.0 (n = 14) for malignant and 1.9 +/- 0.9 (n = 10) for benign with MET (p less than 0.001), and 4.4 +/- 2.2 (n = 12) and 1.5 +/- 0.3 (n = 10), respectively, with FDG (p less than 0.001). The ratios indicate that malignant tumors have higher metabolic demand than benign lesions. Tumors less than 1 cm in diameter were difficult to accurately evaluate due to PET resolution. Compared to the diagnosis at pathology, the MET study showed a sensitivity of 93% (13/14), a specificity of 60% (6/10), and an accuracy of 79% (19/24). The FDG study showed 83% (10/12), 90% (9/10), 86% (19/22), respectively. No significant differences were observed between the two tracers. This study suggests that PET studies using either MET or FDG may be very useful for the differential diagnosis of lung tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Two cases of Konno's operation for aortic stenosis developing after repair of interruption of the aortic arch with ventricular septal defect].

Two patients, 8-year-old and 7-year-old boys, underwent Konno's operation for left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, which had developed after the repair of interrupted aortic arch and ventricular septal defect. Both cases had bicuspid aortic valve and severe subaortic stenosis. The annular diameters were 15 mm and 16 mm, and pressure gradients between the left ventricle and the ascending aorta were 110 mmHg and 105 mmHg, respectively. A SJM prosthetic valve (23 mm, 25 mm) was used. Postoperative courses were good. Left ventricular outflow anomalies are frequently found in cases of interrupted aortic arch complicated with ventricular septal defect. The stenosis not infrequently develops and becomes apparent several years after primary or staged repair for interrupted arch with VSD as in the present cases. Therefore, careful observation should be carried out following the repair. Konno's operation can be safely performed for this lesion with low mortality and morbidity for valvular and subvalvular aortic stenosis even with small aortic ring.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1990

[Nerve conduction measurement based on lumbosacral evoked potentials].

Lumbosacral evoked potentials (EP) following stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve at the ankle were recorded with surface electrodes at 5 cm intervals from the lower lumbar to the lower thoracic levels and the site of maximum amplitude was determined by monopolar and bipolar recordings in 27 normal subjects, 37 epileptics receiving anticonvulsant therapy and 22 patients with subacute myelo-optico-neuropathy (SMON). The amplitude of EP in monopolar recording with a reference on the contralateral knee was usually maximum 10 cm above the Jacoby line, which nearly corresponded to the 1st lumbar or 12th thoracic vertebral level. The entire nerve conduction velocity (ENCV) was calculated by dividing the distance from the ankle to the level of maximum amplitude by the peak latency of the N21 or P17. The latency of N21 at the level of maximum evoked potential was used for determining ENCV. The mean ENCV calculated using the peak latency N21 was 49.8 (1.97) m/sec in monopolar recording and 51.2 (2.48) m/sec in bipolar recording, and these values were considered to correspond the sensory conduction along the entire posterior tibial nerve. In epileptic patients mainly treated with anticonvulsant drugs such as phenytoin and phenobarbital, the ENCV was reduced in those treated for over 13 years and in those whose illness was poorly controlled, or large doses were necessary for seizure control. In SMON patients, a significant decrease in ENCV was found in the group under 60 years old in comparison with the normal control group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Surgical problems in d-TGA with VSD and PS associated with insertion of tricuspid valve chordae to the infundibular septum--the Rastelli operation by translocation of the infundibular septum].

Twelve (37.5%) out of 32 patients who underwent surgical repair of complete transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and pulmonary stenosis (PS) from 1978 to 1987 had insertion of tricuspid valve (TV) chordae to the infundibular septum, i.e. superior margin of the VSD, which precluded the ordinary Rastelli type operation. Of these 12 patients early 5 patients (ages: 2-11 mean 7 years) underwent atrial switch operations with VSD closure and pulmonary valvotomy with or without fibromyotomy, and recent 6 patients (age: 4-8, mean 6 years) underwent the Rastelli operation (3 cases) or REV (3) by translocating the infundibular septum with TV chordae to the right ventricular side of the internal conduit. None died in hospital in the former group and 1 in the latter. Pulmonary/systemic ventricular peak pressure ration (Ppv/sv) was 0.75 +/- 0.22 (mean +/- standard deviation) in the atrial switch group v. 0.49 +/- 0.08 in the Rastelli/REV group 1 month postoperatively. The higher Ppv/rv in the atrial switch group was attributed to the pressure gradient across the pulmonary outflow tract, which was 37.8 +/- 16.6 mmHg in the atrial switch v. 16.7 +/- 4.2 mmHg in the Rastelli/REV (p less than 0.05). No pressure gradient was demonstrated between left ventricle (LV) and aorta in the both groups. Pulmonary wedge pressure was higher in the atrial switch group (13.8 +/- 1.9 mmHg) than in the Rastelli/REV (10.0 +/- 2.7 mmHg) (p less than 0.05). Systemic atrioventricular (AV) valve regurgitation was noted in 2 of the atrial switch group but none in the Rastelli/REV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child↗
PubMed1989

Reinvestigation of deoxyribonucleoside phosphorothioites: synthesis and properties of deoxyribonucleoside-3' dimethyl phosphites.

Further investigation of the synthesis of deoxyribonucleoside-3' (t-butyl) O-(2-cyanoethyl) phosphorothioites as monomer building units for the phosphorothioite approach has led us to conclude that internucleotidic bond formation proceeded via bis(deoxyribonucleoside-3') (2-cyanoethyl) phosphite intermediates, which proved to be activated by iodine, rather than the mechanism previously reported. In connection with this study, deoxyribonucleoside-3' dimethyl phosphites were synthesized and detailed properties of them are also described.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

Molecular characterization of a functional cDNA for rat substance P receptor.

This paper describes the amino acid sequence of the rat substance P receptor and its comparison with that of the rat substance K receptor on the basis of molecular cloning and sequence analysis. From a rat brain cDNA library constructed with an RNA expression vector, we identified a cDNA mixture containing a functional substance P receptor cDNA by examining electrophysiologically a receptor expression following injection of the mRNAs synthesized in vitro into Xenopus oocytes. A receptor cDNA clone was then isolated by cross-hybridization with the bovine substance K receptor cDNA. The clone was confirmed by selective binding of substance P to the cloned receptor expressed in mammalian COS cells. The deduced amino acid sequence (407 amino acid residues) possesses seven putative membrane spanning domains and shows a sequence similarity to the members of G-protein-coupled receptors. The rat substance P and substance K receptors are very similar in both size and amino acid sequences, particularly in the putative transmembrane regions and the first and second cytoplasmic loops. This similarity is in marked contrast to the sequence divergence in the amino- and carboxyl-terminal regions and the third cytoplasmic loop. The observed sequence similarity and divergence would thus contribute to the expression of similar but pharmacologically distinguishable activities of the two tachykinin receptors.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

[A case of bilateral renal metastases from non Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma].

A patient with bilateral renal metastases from non Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma originating in the aortocaval abdominal lymph nodes was treated with chemotherapy. Initially, methotrexate (20 mg/m2), vincristine (0.6 mg/m2), cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2), adriamycin (20 mg/m2), and bleomycin (30 mg/m2) were given on day 1, cisplatinum (50 mg/m2) was given on day 2, and prednisolone (20 mg/body) was given from day 1 to 3 (MVP-CAB regimen). Since the patient was 74 years old and had slight renal dysfunction, for the first and second courses of this therapy, methotrexate and cisplatinum were administered at 60% of the usual dose and the other 4 anticancer agents at 70% of the usual dose. Only prednisolone was given at the full dose. From the third course the 6 anticancer agents were used at 70% of the normal dose. Administration was performed every 4 weeks until the third course, and every 8 weeks after the fourth course (total number of cycles of MVP-CAB: 8 cycles). A marked improvement of the general state and a reduction of the tumor size were noted following treatment. Since regrowth of the residual tumor occurred, as second line chemotherapy cytosine arabinoside (100 mg/m2) on day 1, ifosfamide (1 g/m2) on day 1 to 2, etoposide (100 mg/m2) plus prednisolone (20 mg/body) on day 1 to 3 were administered (AraC-VIP regimen). The timing of administration was similar to that of the MVP-CAB regimen. More than 50% tumor reduction was obtained with this regimen. The total survival time since the beginning of chemotherapy is 2 years to date.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Molecular cloning of cDNA for proteasomes (multicatalytic proteinase complexes) from rat liver: primary structure of the largest component (C2).

Proteasomes (multicatalytic proteinase complexes) from rat liver are composed of at least 13 nonidentical components [Tanaka, K., Yoshimura, T., Ichihara, A., Ikai, A., Nishigai, M., Morimoto, M., Sato, M., Tanaka, N., Katsube, Y., Kameyama, K., & Takagi, T. (1988) J. Mol. Biol. 203, 985-996]. The nucleotide sequence of one major component (C2) of the proteasomes has been determined from a recombinant cDNA clone isolated by screening a rat liver cDNA library with a mixture of synthetic deoxyribonucleotides as a probe. The sequence was composed of 1174 nucleotides including a coding region for the entire protein and noncoding regions of both the 5'- and 3'-sides. The polypeptide deduced from the open reading frame consisted of 263 amino acid residues, and its molecular weight was calculated to be 29,516. The partial amino acid sequences of several fragments (approximately 45% of the total residues), which were obtained by cleavage of C2 with lysyl endopeptidase and cyanogen bromide, were determined by automated Edman degradation and found to be in complete accordance with those deduced from the cDNA sequence. The amino acid composition of C2, determined by chemical analysis, was also consistent with that deduced from the cDNA sequence, indicating that the cloned cDNA actually encoded component C2. Computer analysis revealed little structural similarity of C2 to other proteins reported so far. Northern blot hybridization analyses showed that the mRNA encoding this novel protein C2 was expressed in all the rat tissues examined and in a variety of eukaryotic organisms such as amphibia, birds, and mammals with slight species-specific differences in size.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Proalbumin is processed to serum albumin in COS-1 cells transfected with cDNA for rat albumin.

Synthesis and processing of rat albumin were investigated in COS-1 cells transiently expressing rat albumin. Analysis using isoelectric focusing revealed that serum-type albumin, which is indistinguishable from the counterpart isolated from rat hepatocyte cuture medium, was secreted from the transfected COS-1 cells, indicating that proalbumin is effectively converted into serum albumin in the COS-1 cells, if not completely. Furthermore methylamine was found to cause the diminution of serum albumin released from the cells, substantiating that the proteolytical conversion of proalbumin occurs in the Golgi complex before discharge from the COS-1 cells.

Albumins↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical application of FCR (Fuji Computed Radiography) for portable chest radiographs in the ICU].

The diagnostic value of the portable chest radiography obtained with Fuji computed radiography (FCR) was evaluated in comparison with conventional images in 23 patients who were admitted to ICU in Yokohama City University Hospital. On the whole, FCR produced more excellent images than conventional screen-film radiographs. Especially the evaluation for the demonstration of the catheters, the endotracheal tubes and the tracheal shadows obtained high score. We discuss the clinically utility of FCR for the portable chest radiographs in ICU.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Three-dimensional structure of the presynaptic nerve ending in the ciliary ganglion of the chick embryo: a scanning electron microscopic study.

Presynaptic nerve endings in the ciliary ganglia of chick embryos are 3-dimensionally examined by scanning electron microscopy. Underdeveloped nerve endings attached to the lateral side of the ciliary cells are spoon-like, and show an irregular surface texture and marginal outline with many slender processes and pores. Well-developed nerve endings embracing more than half of the surface of the ciliary cell are cup-like, and show a smooth surface texture and a linear marginal outline with few slender processes and pores. The slender processes come into intimate contact with each other at the margin of the spoon-like nerve endings or cross the pores, seemingly expanding and smoothing the nerve endings. Cytoplasmic processes of the ciliary cells are also described.

Animals↗