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Biomedical subjects

T Fujino

Publications and source records attributed to T Fujino.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Web-based educational tool for cleft lip repair using XVL.

Recent web-based technologies have brought a variety of new possibilities to the field of medical information. Nevertheless, transferring 3D patient models through usual low-band-width networks is difficult because of the large size of data file. XVL (eXtensive VRML with Lattice), a new framework for 3D Data representation with high quality surface shape, has solved this problem. In cooperation with Lattice Technology Inc., we have created XVL-formatted patient 3D models. The XVL model takes less than 100 kilobytes, whereas the same quality model in Virtual Reality Modeling Language(VRML) format requires more than 5 megabytes. Because of the many advantages of XVL, we have created a 3D web-based educational tool for repair of cleft lip--plastic surgery for congenital defects of the lips that requires complex incisions and reconstruction. Our system can interact with the model and 3D visualization of the incision lines, displacement of skin flaps, and suturing. Our educational tool for cleft lip repair has demonstrated that the XVL model and its web-based application can open up new possibilities for 3D medical information systems. We are currently refining the XVL model and developing XVL-based applications to simulate the actual surgery on the World Wide Web.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical study on the cases in which INH or RFP was discontinued during treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis].

Short course regimens; 2HRZ (E)(S)/4HR (E), 6HRS (E)/3-6HR and 6-9HR have been accepted as a standard chemotherapy (SC) for initial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in Japan. We studied the frequency of the treatment completion, the causes of the treatment failure and the outcome of the patients in whom INH or RFP was discontinued within 6 months after starting SC. The subjects included 597 newly diagnosed culture positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to 16 national hospital in 1996. Results were as follows. 1. In 47 (7.9%) of the 597 patients, either INH (19; 3.2%) or RFP (33; 5.5%) was discontinued. These 47 cases were defined as a SC incompleted group and the other 550 as a SC completed group. 2. The patients in the SC incompleted group were seen more frequently in the ages of 20s (11.9%), 50s (10.9%), 60s (11.7%) or 70s (11.4%). 21 (13.6%) of 154 female patients and 26 (5.9%) of 443 male patients were in the SC incompleted group. 3. The causes of cessation of INH or RFP were drug side effects (33; 5.5%), drug resistance (10; 1.7%) and complications or underlying diseases (8; 1.3%). 4. Fever or eruption (19; 3.2%) and drug induced hepatitis (12; 2.0%) were frequently seen as drug related side effects causing the cessation of INH or RFP. 5. The rate of culture negative conversion of TB bacilli at 6 months after the start of the treatment was 98.9% in the SC completed and 88.9% in the SC incompleted group respectively. In the SC incompleted group, there were three cases continuously positive and two other patients who relapsed and became culture positive again. In these five patients, INH or RFP was discontinued because of drug resistance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Hyperosmotic stimuli induces recruitment of aquaporin-1 to plasma membrane in cultured rat peritoneal mesothelial cells.

Aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) has been reported to play an important role in peritoneal dialysis. To determine the precise mechanism involved, we used cultured rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) to examine the translocation of AQP-1 to the plasma membrane induced by hyperosmotic stimuli. Cultured RPMCs obtained from male Sprague-Dawley rats were incubated at room temperature in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium/F12 (DMEM/F12) with and without glucose or mannitol as the hyperosmotic stimulus. The plasma membrane was then extracted by the Percoll gradient method. Finally, the abundance AQP-1 molecules in the membrane fraction was determined by Western blot analysis. Significant enhancement of AQP-1 abundance (p < 0.05) was observed within 2.5 minutes of the addition of 5% glucose to the medium. The increase was sustained in its abundance through 15 minutes. Abundance of AQP-1 was also increased (p < 0.05) by the addition of 5% mannitol. These results suggest that hyperosmotic stimuli could generate increased AQP-1 abundance in the plasma membrane by translocation of AQP-1 protein from recycling endosomes or early endosomes to the plasma membrane, rather than by protein synthesis via newly expressed mRNA. The latter mechanism would be expected to take more time.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Unruptured aneurysm of the right coronary sinus of Valsalva with type B aortic dissection.

A seventy-two year-old man, who complained of severe back pain, was referred to our hospital. Digital subtraction angiogram (DSA) delineated an extracardiac unruptured aneurysm of the right coronary sinus of Valsalva and acute type B aortic dissection. Patch plasty of the right coronary sinus with reimplantation of the right coronary artery using a Dacron graft was performed. Postoperative DSA confirmed successful reconstruction of the aortic root and the patent right coronary artery.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Fatty acid induced glioma cell growth is mediated by the acyl-CoA synthetase 5 gene located on chromosome 10q25.1-q25.2, a region frequently deleted in malignant gliomas.

Acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) ligates fatty acid and CoA to produce acyl-CoA, an essential molecule in fatty acid metabolism and cell proliferation. ACS5 is a recently characterized ACS isozyme highly expressed in proliferating 3T3-L1 cells. Molecular characterization of the human ACS5 gene revealed that the gene is located on chromosome 10q25.1-q25.2, spans approximately 46 kb, comprises 21 exons and 22 introns, and encodes a 683 amino acid protein. Two major ACS5 transcripts of 2.5- and 3.7-kb are distributed in a wide range of tissues with the highest expression in uterus and spleen. Markedly increased levels of ACS5 transcripts were detected in a glioma line, A172 cells, and primary gliomas of grade IV malignancy, while ACS5 expression was found to be low in normal brain. Immunohistochemical analysis also revealed strong immunostaining with an anti-ACS5 antibody in glioblastomas. U87MG glioma cells infected with an adenovirus encoding ACS5 displayed induced cell growth on exposure to palmitate. Consistent with the induction of cell growth, the virus infected cells displayed induced uptake of palmitate. These results demonstrate a novel fatty acid-induced glioma cell growth mediated by ACS5.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed2000

Regulation by adrenocorticotropic hormone and arachidonate of the expression of acyl-CoA synthetase 4, an arachidonate-preferring enzyme expressed in steroidogenic tissues.

Acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACS4) is an arachidonate-preferring enzyme abundant in steroidogenic tissues. We demonstrate that ACS4 expression in steroidogenic tissues in vivo is induced by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and suppressed by glucocorticoid. ACTH also induced ACS4 protein but not its mRNA in Y1 adrenocortical tumor cells, whereas both ACS4 mRNA and protein were increased by dibutyryl cAMP (db-cAMP) and forskolin. Furthermore, the levels of ACS4 mRNA and protein in Y1 cells were induced by arachidonate. These data suggest that ACS4 expression in steroidogenic cells is regulated in coordination with induced steroidogenesis and arachidonate released by cholesterol ester hydrolase.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

PCCX1, a novel DNA-binding protein with PHD finger and CXXC domain, is regulated by proteolysis.

We identified a novel gene PCCX1 that encoded a nuclear protein carrying a PHD finger, a CXXC domain, and an acidic region. The CXXC domain was found to be sufficient for binding to DNA. The acidic region exhibited a high transactivation ability, but the full-length protein was inactive due to regions which inhibited the acidic region, including the C-terminal region. We examined the expression of PCCX1 during cellular aging and immortalization of SV40-transformed human fibroblasts. PCCX1 mRNA was expressed constitutively through stages of cellular aging and immortalization, but at the protein level, a shorter form lacking the C-terminal region appeared as the cells approached crisis. These results suggested that PCCX1 was activated by proteolytic cleavage, which removed the C-terminal inhibitory region.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Identification of oxidized protein hydrolase of human erythrocytes as acylpeptide hydrolase.

Partial amino acid sequence of 80 kDa oxidized protein hydrolase (OPH), a serine protease present in human erythrocyte cytosol (Fujino et al., J. Biochem. 124 (1998) 1077-1085) that is adherent to oxidized erythrocyte membranes and preferentially degrades oxidatively damaged proteins (Beppu et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1196 (1994) 81-87; Fujino et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1374 (1998) 47-55) was determined. The N-terminal amino acid of diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP)-labeled OPH was suggested to be masked. Six peptide fragments of OPH obtained by digestion of DFP-labeled OPH with lysyl endopeptidase were isolated by use of reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and the sequence of more than eight amino acids from the N-terminal position of each peptide was determined. Results of homology search of amino acid sequence of each peptide strongly suggested that the protein was identical with human liver acylpeptide hydrolase (ACPH). OPH showed ACPH activity when N-acetyl-L-alanine p-nitroanilide and N-acetylmethionyl L-alanine were used as substrates. Glutathione S-transferase (GST)-tagged recombinant ACPH (rACPH) was prepared by use of baculovirus expression system as a 107-kDa protein from cDNA of human erythroleukemic cell line K-562. rACPH reacted with anti-OPH antiserum from rabbit. rACPH showed OPH activity when hydrogen peroxide-oxidized or glycated bovine serum albumin was used as substrates. As well as the enzyme activities of OPH, those of rACPH were inhibited by DFP. The results clearly demonstrate that ACPH, whose physiological function has not yet been well characterized, can play an important role as OPH in destroying oxidatively damaged proteins in living cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗