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Biomedical subjects

T Fujimoto

Publications and source records attributed to T Fujimoto.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Prognostic implication of cellular DNA content in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

To assess the prognostic value of the cellular DNA content measured by flow cytometry in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), we studied the pretreatment distribution of the DNA content in marrow blasts from 74 children with this disease. They were divided into standard- and high-risk groups according to their white blood cell counts and age at the time of diagnosis and were followed for up to 44 months. Abnormal DNA stemlines were detected in 26 children, and all of them had a hyperdiploid DNA content (DNA index of greater than 1.0). The duration of remission was significantly longer in those with hyperdiploid DNA stemlines than in those with diploid DNA stemlines in both risk groups. In the standard-risk group, the DNA content and common ALL antigen were significant prognostic factors, especially the former. In the high-risk group, the DNA content also showed an independent significant correlation with the clinical outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

In vitro activity of DR-3355, an optically active ofloxacin.

DR-3355, the S-(-)-isomer of ofloxacin, was generally twice as potent as ofloxacin against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, and its action was bactericidal. The compound was characterized by having the highest level of activity against staphylococci, Bacteroides fragilis, and Peptococcus spp. of the fluorinated quinolones tested, including ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin, and NY-198. The activity of DR-3355 was not affected by different media, inoculum size, or human serum, but decreased under acidic conditions at pH 5.0 or in human urine.

Gram-Negative Bacteria↗
PubMed1988

Immunocytochemical studies of endothelial cells in vivo. II. Chicken aortic and capillary endothelial cells exhibit different cell surface distributions of the integrin complex.

Frozen sections of chicken tissues containing aortic and capillary endothelial cells were immunolabeled with two mouse monoclonal antibodies directed to different epitopes of the chicken integrin beta-chain. Integrin is an integral membrane protein complex that is believed to mediate a transmembrane linkage between the extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton. In immunofluorescence experiments with semi-thin frozen sections, the aortic endothelial cells were labeled for integrin all around their surfaces, whereas capillary endothelial cells of heart and kidney were labeled only on their basal surfaces. At the immunofluorescence level of resolution, the distribution of integrin appeared to be correlated with that of F-actin in double-labeling experiments with NBD-phallacidin. These different distributions of integrin on the two types of endothelial cells were definitively confirmed by immunoelectron microscopic labeling with the monoclonal antibodies on ultra-thin frozen sections. These results therefore indicate that the luminal surfaces, as well as the underlying cytoskeleton of capillary endothelial cells, are significantly different in structure from those of aortic endothelial cells. These differences may reflect the vastly different hemodynamic stress to which the two types of endothelial cells are subjected, and in addition may mediate different adhesion properties of the luminal surfaces of the two cell types.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Inflammatory response in enterocolitis in the piebald lethal mouse model of Hirschsprung's disease.

Mucosal immune defense responses in two clinical forms of enterocolitis complicating congenital megacolon in the piebald lethal mouse model of Hirschsprung's disease were investigated. Significant histological and immunocytochemical differences were seen in the ganglionic segment of colon between piebald mice with early clinical onset of acute illness and piebald mice with late onset enterocolitis. The number of IgA-containing plasma cells infiltrating the lamina propria of the gut in the former group were significantly increased (p less than 0.001) compared to the latter group of mice and healthy controls. This study suggests that the two forms of enterocolitis complicating congenital megacolon in piebald mice have different etiologies.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Assessment of therapeutic effects by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in hepatic malignant tumors with degradable starch microspheres (DSM)].

Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) with degradable starch microspheres (DSM) was carried out for fourteen cases with hepatic malignancies including twelve cases with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one case with cholangiocarcinoma and one with metastatic liver cancer. DSM combined with anticancer agents were administered through a catheter introduced by Seldinger's method, in ten cases and through subcutaneously implanted drug delivery system (Port-A-Cath) in four cases. The dose of DSM was 900 mg/body and adriamycin 30-40 mg/m2 through the catheter or 12-14 mg/m2 through Port-A-Cath was used for HCC and cholangiocarcinoma. A same dose of DSM and mitomycin C 15 mg/m2 was administered for metastatic liver cancer through the catheter immediately after angiography. Results were as follows: 1) Partial response (PR) was obtained in six cases (50%) with HCC, and there were two other cases with minor response (MR). PR in cholangiocarcinoma and CR in metastatic liver cancer were obtained. 2) There were no adverse effects in four cases with Port-A-Cath. 3) The concentration of adriamycin in the peripheral venous blood was lower than that of one shot therapy, and decreased rapidly within an hour. These results suggested that good therapeutic effects can be obtained by TAE with DSM combined with anticancer agents for hepatic malignancies.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1988

Chromosome translocations involving band 7q35 or 7p15 in childhood T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

In a chromosome study in childhood T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, we found t(7;11)(q35;p13) in 2 patients, t(7;14) (q35;q11) in one patient, and t(7;14)(p15;q32) in 1 patient. Southern blotting and in situ chromosomal hybridization studies in one patient with the t(7;11) demonstrated that both alleles of the T-cell antigen receptor beta-subunit gene (TCRB) were rearranged, and that one TCRB allele had relocated from 7q35 to the fusion point in band p13 of the involved chromosome 11 (11p-). These findings suggest that juxtaposition of TCRB with the putative oncogene tcl-2 located in band 11p13 may be a critical step toward development of this T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. In the other two translocations, all breakpoints were sites for lymphocyte function genes, ie, 7q35 for TCRB, 14q11 for T-cell antigen receptor alpha-subunit gene (TCRA), 7p15 for T-cell antigen receptor alpha-subunit gene (TCRG), and 14q32 for immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene (IGH). Thus, the findings in these cases allow us to expand the above hypothesis and propose that the juxtaposition of TCRB or TCRG with tcl-2, TCRA, or IGH through chromosomal translocation may activate a mechanism for the genesis of T-cell leukemia/lymphoma with these chromosome translocations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Microbiological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of rokitamycin dry syrup in the pediatric field].

Rokitamycin (RKM), a newly developed macrolide antibiotic with a 16-membered ring, dissolves well under acidic conditions. It has been improved over other macrolides to minimize individual variations in its absorbability. We measured, using the GA-test, variations in gastric acidities of 43 children with ages between 1 to 14 years, and investigated the relationship between gastric acidities and pharmacokinetic values. Also activities (expressed in MICs) of antimicrobial agents were studied against clinically isolated 229 bacterial strains using an inoculum size of 10(6) cells/ml. Tested organisms included Streptococcus pyogenes (77 strains), Streptococcus agalactiae (29), Streptococcus pneumoniae (2), as Gram-positive cocci, and Haemophilus influenzae (1), Haemophilus parainfluenzae (1), Bordetella pertussis (12), Salmonella sp. (4) and Campylobacter jejuni (103) as Gram-negative bacilli. Against stock strains of bacteria, MICs of 10 drugs (RKM, erythromycin (EM), josamycin (JM), midecamycin (MDM), midecamycin acetate (MOM), clindamycin (CLDM), amoxicillin (AMPC), cefaclor (CCL), minocycline, ofloxacin (OFLX] were determined. Against isolates from patients who underwent treatment with RKM, MICs of only 4 drugs (RKM, EM, JM, MOM) were determined. Measurements were made on plasma and urinary concentrations of RKM and its urinary recovery rates after patients including 6 boys with ages between 5 years 1 month and 11 years 6 months were administered with RKM (dry syrup). Two groups of 6 boys were administered between meals with RKM at dose levels of 5 and 10 mg/kg, respectively. Clinical and bacteriological effects of RKM were evaluated for 175 patients including 5 cases of pharyngitis, 3 tonsillitis, 32 pneumonia, 17 mycoplasmal pneumonia, 34 atypical pneumonia, 28 streptococcal infections, 29 Campylobacter enteritis, 4 Salmonella gastroenteritis, and 23 enteritis due to unknown organisms. Five drop-out cases were excluded from the evaluations. In the evaluable cases, an average dose level used was 31.8 mg/kg/day, with a daily dose divided into 3 to 4 administrations and with an average treatment duration of 9 days. Adverse reactions of RKM and its effects on laboratory test values were investigated in these patients including the drop out cases. Obtained results of these studies are summarized below. 1. The GA-test produced pH values indicating that amounts of gastric acid were mostly either normal or high in 42 of the 43 subjects tested (97.7%), and only one low acid case (2.3%) was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical study on the effect of chemotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer].

The effect of chemotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer was evaluated on the basis of prognosis in 299 patients treated at the Kobe University Hospital and the Interhospital Cooperative Study Group for Multidisciplinary Approaches to Treatment of Pancreatic and Biliary Cancer. One hundred forty-three patients with pancreatic cancer were treated with a number of chemotherapeutic agents, while ninety-eight patients did not receive any chemotherapy. There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics between the two groups. The treated patients had a median survival time of 6 months and a one-year cumulative survival rate of 25.3%. These were significantly different compared with figures of 3 months and 9.5% for non-treated control patients. A chemotherapy regimen consisting of fluoropyrimidines was also confirmed to be effective. These results suggest that the chemotherapeutic approach appears quite promising and is effective for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Use of Broviac/Hickman catheter for long-term venous access in pediatric cancer patients.

Forty-two indwelling central venous catheters were inserted in 29 pediatric patients with malignant solid tumors. Indications included pre- and postoperative parenteral nutrition, intensive chemo-radiotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. Fifteen of the central venous catheters (15 patients) were Broviac/Hickman and remaining 27 catheters (14 patients) were traditional Silastic. Accidental displacements occurred in seven of the 27 Silastics (26%), whereas no Broviac catheter was inadvertently pulled out. Overall complication rates, including infection, accidental removal, and occlusion of the catheter, were 9.6 per 1,000 Silastic use days and 0.35 per 1,000 Broviac use days. No deaths were related to catheter complications. For long-term angioaccess in pediatric cancer patient the Broviac catheter was demonstrated to have a lower complication rate than the traditional Silastic catheter.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Long-term TPN for short bowel syndrome].

One hundred and sixty three children who received total parenteral nutrition (TPN), including 7 cases of short bowel syndrome, were studied to evaluate the role of TPN in the management of infants with extremely short bowel. Three of the seven were died of sepsis related with central venous catheter (CV catheter) during the period of malabsorption when TPN was necessary. Two children of other diseases were died of catheter sepsis, 5 out of 163 in total, making the mortality late of TPN 3%. Incidence of CV catheter related complications was significantly less frequent in Broviac catheter when compared with conventional Silastic catheter (p less than 0.01). Another significant complication of TPN in cases of short bowel syndrome was hepatic dysfunction. Cholestatic liver dysfunction seemed to be cleared when enteral feeding was started even with TPN going on. Oral feeding should be started in the early postoperative period with concomitant TPN covering the fluid loss. A case of copper deficiency with high output jejunostomy and a case of urolithiasis with hyperoxaluria complicated with short bowel were reported.

Catheterization↗