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Biomedical subjects

T Fuchs

Publications and source records attributed to T Fuchs.

156 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of nalbuphine and droperidol on spontaneous movements during induction of anesthesia with propofol in children.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of droperidol and nalbuphine on spontaneous movements during induction of anesthesia with propofol in children. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind study. SETTING: Inpatient ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgical clinic at the University Hospital of Geneva. PATIENTS: Forty-five children, ages 4 to 12 years, undergoing routine elective ENT surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Children were randomly assigned to receive either nalbuphine 0.1 mg/kg, droperidol 0.025 mg/kg, or isotonic saline 3 minutes before anesthesia induction. Induction was performed with a loading dose of propofol 3 mg/kg. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Spontaneous movements were observed in 33%, 87%, and 100% of patients in the nalbuphine, droperidol, and control groups, respectively. The movements were dystonic and choreiform in nature and were similar in all three groups. The frequency of spontaneous movements was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in the nalbuphine group as compared with the droperidol and control groups. CONCLUSIONS: Nalbuphine, but not droperidol, decreases the frequency of spontaneous movements induced by propofol during induction of anesthesia in children; neither quality of induction and recovery nor interval between the end of propofol administration and tracheal extubation were modified by nalbuphine as compared with the control group.

Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Life events in late paraphrenia and depression.

38 patients with late paraphrenia and 38 with endogenous depression of late onset were examined and various premorbid characteristics and biographical data compared. The main objective of the study was to look for differential risk factors and for biographical experiences that suggested a specific premorbid vulnerability in paranoid and depressive patients. In the paranoid group, a significantly higher frequency of discriminating, humiliating or threatening experiences during earlier life was found. These included expulsion from home in the years 1944-46 (53%), somatic handicaps such as amputations (13%), illegitimate birth (11%) or illegitimate children (13%), and others. In the depressed group, severe early loss prevailed (29%). The significance of these results for the etiology of late-life mental disorder is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patterns of relation and premorbid personality in late paraphrenia and depression.

38 patients with late paraphrenia and 38 with endogenous depression of late onset were compared regarding interpersonal relations and personality traits by means of semistructured interviews. The prevalence of premorbid personality disorder was determined by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders. The main objective of the study was to look for lifetime relation patterns and personality traits distinguishing the two groups and pointing to a specific premorbid vulnerability of paranoid and depressive patients. A high rate of personality disorder comorbidity was found in both groups, with mainly paranoid and schizoid disorder in late paraphrenic patients (39%) and avoidant, dependent or compulsive personality in depressives (35%). As a rule, this corresponded to a lifelong pattern of seclusion and self-sufficiency in the paranoid, and of close intimacy and heteronomy in the depressive patients. On the basis of the results, a polar typology of personality and interpersonal relations in both patient groups is developed.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Melancholia as a desynchronization: towards a psychopathology of interpersonal time.

Starting from psychopathological analyses of lived time in melancholia, the paper first examines the continuous processes of synchronization effective in biological as well as social life. These processes enable the individual to compensate for states of shortage, to adapt to changed circumstances, finish with past events and reconnect with the present. Examples of such resynchronizing processes are regeneration, sleep, dreaming, forgetting, remorse or grief. Melancholia is then interpreted as the result of a desynchronization, i.e. an uncoupling in the temporal relation of organism and environment, or of individual and society. With the processes of resynchronization failing, the person falls out of common environmental time. This conception allows a parallel to be drawn between chronobiological and psychosocial results of research. Moreover, it offers the possibility to understand not only the psychopathology, but also the triggering of melancholic episodes on the basis of a disturbance of time. Consequences for a 'resynchronizing therapy' are outlined.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immediate reactions to rubber products.

There is an increasing incidence of contact urticaria (CU) and systemic reactions to rubber products. Thirty-one patients are presented: most were atopic (20/31) and women (26/31); 71% worked in the medical field; 32.2% (10/31) showed signs of hand dermatitis. In 28 patients (90.3%), rub and/or prick tests with liquid latex in different dilutions and with latex gloves led to an immediate type of positive reaction. The allergen(s) appear in part to be water soluble: 20 of 28 patients (71.4%) revealed positive test reactions to an aqueous glove extract. In two patients, urticarial test reactions to tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD), mercapto mix, and p-phenylenediamine (PPD mix) were considered as possible contributing factors of CU. Cornstarch was negative in all patients (scratch). Sixteen of 27 sera (59.2%) showed radioallergosorbent (RAST) class 0 using latex allergen disks. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacoyl-amide (SDS-PAGE) determined protein bands of less than or equal to 14 kD (not allergen specific) and approx 28 kD. The Western blot detected the 28 kD protein as allergen in the sera of three patients. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) proved no protein bands. Immunoprinting performed with sera of five patients presented allergen bands in a pH range between 3.8 and 4.55. This shows the radio staining (immunoprint) is more sensitive than is the Coomassie blue staining. Although three sera showed RAST class 0, immunoblotting detected allergen bands. In this case the immunoblot appears to be more sensitive than the RAST. A cross reactivity between latex and banana could not be established. Alternative gloves are Neolon (neoprene) or Elastyren (styrene-butadiene polymer).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reminiscence therapy with the elderly].

Extending the possibilities of psychotherapeutic treatment, reminiscence therapy and life review seem to be especially suited to help elderly patients cope with crisis or depression. However, there are still many differences in methods and techniques applied. In this article, the role of the past in depression, previous research on reminiscence therapy as well as its possible goals and methods are considered. An example of reminiscence group therapy in a psychogeriatric day hospital is presented.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tattooing. A review with special reference to adverse side effects].

Intentional and non-intentional (ornamental and accidental) tattoos are reviewed. First, a survey of the history of tattooing is given and the different motives for being tattooed are discussed. The technique of tattooing and the histological pattern of ornamental tattoos are described. Typical risks are presented in detail. Various methods for the treatment of tattoos are discussed. In the second part, non-intentional (accidental) tattoos are reviewed in respect to etiology, complications and special therapeutic methods.

Dermabrasion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Allergic contact eczema to ninhydrin].

Use of a surgical marking pen to indicate test areas on the skin during epicutaneous evaluation caused eczema in three female patients undergoing patch testing. Close scrutiny of the individual components of this surgical marking pen revealed contact dermatitis to ninhydrine, a substance whose allergenic potential has hardly been noted in the relevant literature.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Contact allergy to CN and CS tear gas].

Tear gases are used as riot control agents on account of their irritant properties. Five cases of allergic contact dermatitis due to omega-chloroacetophenone (CN) and one case additionally due to 2-chlorobenzylidene-malonitrile (CS) are reported.

Adult↗