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Biomedical subjects

T Freeman

Publications and source records attributed to T Freeman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Retinal speed gradients and the perception of surface slant.

Previous work has demonstrated a difference in human sensitivity to compressive and shearing speed gradients. This raises the possibility that the ability to estimate the slant of a surface may vary with its direction of tilt. No such variance was found here, which may indicate that slant estimation depends upon deformation rather than upon compression or shear.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Fetal cortical cells survive in focal cerebral infarct after permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in adult rats.

Fetal rat cortical cells have been shown previously to survive at the periphery of cerebral infarction. The present study was designed to examine the ability of fetal cells to survive at the edge of the central core of ischemia. In three groups of 8 adult Sprague-Dawley rats, fetal cortical cells from ED 16 were stereotactically transplanted at 3 h, 24 h, and 7 days after unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion. In 6 rats, fetal cells were transplanted by using the same coordinates, without arterial occlusion, for control. In the ischemic groups, overall graft survival was 85%, and in the control group, all grafts survived. Graft survival was determined by light microscopy. No significant difference was found in the survival of grafts transplanted at different intervals after middle cerebral artery occlusion. It is concluded that fetal cortical cells can survive in cerebral tissue undergoing severe ischemic change.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Dysphoric mania.

Lithium remains the mainstay of therapy for most patients with bipolar disorder. Patients with syndromal variations of bipolar disorder, such as those experiencing mixed states or dysphoria have generally had a rather poor therapeutic response to lithium. Our group conducted a double-blind, parallel-group comparison of lithium and valproate for the control of mania in 27 patients with bipolar disorder. The study addressed the question of whether certain illness characteristics might be predictive of a positive response to a particular pharmacologic agent. There were significant differences in the cohort of patients who responded favorably to valproate compared with those who did not. Pretreatment depression scores were higher in the patients responding to valproate than in nonresponders. Patients with depressed mood or anxiety associated with mixed states responded equally to lithium and valproate. Studies are needed to clarify the clinical and pathophysiologic status of mixed or dysphoric manic states and to validate predictors of response to therapeutic agents.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1992

An anatomical commentary on the concept of infantile oral sadism.

Although this paper is entitled 'An anatomical commentary on the concept of infantile oral sadism' it is also an attempt to examine hypotheses regarding the sources of oral sadism. Freud did not explicitly refer to an oral sadistic phase of development in early infancy, believing as he did that sadism was a component instinct. Abraham postulated that oral sadism arises when the teeth erupt and the jaw muscles function. Melanie Klein, however, came to claim that oral sadistic impulses operate from birth and arise from the infant's innate potential for fantasy. This hypothesis is akin to Freud's theory of primal fantasies. The anatomical record supports Abraham's theory of the source of oral sadism.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Longitudinal study of seroreactivities to Pf155/RESA and its repetitive sequences in small children from a holoendemic area of Liberia.

The seroreactivities to Pf155/RESA antigen and to three oligopeptides (EENV)2, EENVEHDA and K(DDEHVEEPTVA)2, which constitute repeat subunits of the RESA molecule, were investigated between 1980 and 1986 in two cohorts of children (n = 114) with and without monthly chemosuppression (pulsed reduction of parasite load) against malaria from six months to five years of age during development of protective immunity. Serum samples were collected first at half-yearly and then yearly intervals. Positive immunofluorescence against Pf155/RESA (EMIF) was only found in 24% of the samples. The children with chemosuppression were more often seropositive (30%) than the non prophylactic children (17%). This was in contrast to the seroreactivity against crude parasitic antigens which was highest in the non prophylactic children. In these children, there was a general decrease of EMIF titres around two years of age. Immunosuppression by chronic parasitaemia may be suggested as a reason for this. ELISA seroreactivity was found against one, two or three oligopeptides in all children with high EMIF titres (greater than 250) although (EENV)2 appeared to best correlate (92%) with the EMIF seropositivity. While EMIF seropositivity only showed partial correlation to immunoprotection against patent parasitaemia in the non prophylactic children, the individual profiles of the seroreactivities to the different specific epitopes of the Pf155/RESA molecule and their relevance with regards to protective immunity to malaria need to be investigated further.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Psychoanalytical aspects of morbid jealousy in women.

During the course of the psychoanalytical treatment of patients whose morbid jealousy is of the non-psychotic type it is possible to identify the unconscious causes of the pathological mental state. This material can provide an insight into the unconscious determinants of the contents of delusions of jealousy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A sexual theory of persecutory delusions.

This paper presents a theory of the persecutory delusions which occur in the schizophrenias. Attention is turned to the masturbatory fantasies and dreams of neurotic patients undergoing psychoanalytic treatment. The similarity of the contents of these fantasies to the delusional contents suggests that the latter are in the nature of masturbatory fantasies. Their conversion into delusions results from psychical dissolution. The 'defence' activity is secondary to this.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Nosography and theory of the schizophrenias.

A theory of the schizophrenias must take account of the varieties of symptomatology and courses of illness which occur. Neglect of nosography has led to controversy about object relations in the schizophrenias. At the onset of all schizophrenic psychoses real object relations are replaced by 'psychotic' identifications. The object is retained despite its regressed state. Absence of remission and courses to end states can be attributed to loss of the object. This leads to delusional object relations based on fantasy.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1976

The inadequacy of peritoneal lavage in diagnosing acute diaphragmatic rupture.

Thirty-eight patients with acute diaphragmatic rupture secondary to blunt trauma have been reviewed. Peritoneal lavage is diagnostically inexact in patients with diaphragmatic rupture. One-fourth of the patients had falsely negative peritoneal lavages during their initial evaluation. All four patients without associated intra-abdominal injuries had falsely negative peritoneal lavages, as did four of 30 patients (13%) with significantly associated intra-abdominal injuries. We conclude from these data that: 1) peritoneal lavage is falsely negative in patients with isolated diaphragmatic rupture; 2) positive peritoneal lavage in patients with diaphragmatic rupture results from associated intra-abdominal injuries; and 3) peritoneal lavage may be falsely negative despite significant intra-abdominal injuries; because of herniation of injured organ(s) into the thoracic cavity, thus bleeding is excluded from the peritoneal cavity.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1976

On the psychopathology of transitivism and appersonation.

While the phenomena described under the terms transitivism and appersonation are well known, they have not been studied in detail either from the descriptive or from the psychopathological standpoints. Here only a brief reference is made to the descriptive data. An account of the psychopathological hypotheses on which an explanation of the phenomena is based is followed by a discussion of the relevance of the clinical manifestations for a theory of psychosis.

Cathexis↗