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Biomedical subjects

T F Boat

Publications and source records attributed to T F Boat.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Intermediate-range sweat chloride concentration and Pseudomonas bronchitis. A cystic fibrosis variant with preservation of exocrine pancreatic function.

We studied the clinical and laboratory characteristics of seven patients with sweat chloride concentration consistently between 40 and 60 mEq/liter. Each has chronic Pseudomonas bronchitis, and all lack digestive symptoms. Laboratory findings indicate the preservation of exocrine pancreatic function. The patients include two of five children in one family and two of four in another. In a third family, one of five siblings has an intermediate sweat chloride concentration, but another has a typical fibrosis value (105 mEq/liter). One patient died of respiratory failure; results of an autopsy showed bronchiolectasis typical of cystic fibrosis, but minimal pancreatic changes. The data suggest a genetic basis for this variant of cystic fibrosis. These patients may be homozygous for a portion of a closely linked multigene cystic fibrosis locus or may have modifier genes that ameliorate the pancreatic and sweat lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effect of blood group determinants on binding of human salivary mucous glycoproteins to influenza virus.

We have demonstrated that the inhibitor of influenza B virus hemagglutination in human saliva is inactivated by neuraminidase and is associated with the mucous glycoprotein fraction (blood group substance) of this secretion. Inhibitory activity of saliva was found to be roughly proportional to its sialic acid content (r = 0.456). However, the minimal quantity of salivary sialic acid, neutral sugar, or blood group antigen required to inhibit virus hemagglutination was greater for secretors of A and B than for secretors of H and Lea blood group substances. Removal of terminal galactose from blood group B substance with alpha-galactosidase markedly decreased blood group B activity but increased blood group H and virus hemagglutination inhibitory activities of this glycoprotein. These data suggest that terminal alpha-linked galactose and, probably, N-acetyl-galactosamine interfere with access of influenza virus to binding sites on oligosaccharide chains of the mucous glycoprotein.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1978

Treatment and prognosis of lobar and segmental atelectasis in cystic fibrosis.

Lobar atelectasis occurred in 30 (4.1 per cent) and segmental atelectasis occurred in 6 (0.8 per cent) of 728 patients with cystic fibrosis. The right lung was involved in all 11 patients less than 5 years of age and in 18 of 26 episodes in 19 older patients. Five of the younger patients died within 5 years of the initial episode. Bronchoscopy (with or without local lavage) performed in addition to intensified medical therapy did not appear to improve the outcome. Future studies of therapeutic measures (including bronchoscopy) for treatment of atelectasis complicating cystic fibrosis must include appropriate control patients who receive only medical therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Cystic fibrosis: the prognosis for five-year survival.

Statistical discriminant analysis is applied to 41 concomitant variables obtained during the first year of study of 226 patients with cystic fibrosis. A discriminant function based on six variables is developed which can be used as a predictive index. This index estimates the probability of 5-year survival for an individual patient and can also be used to classify patients into one of two groups: (1) will live for 5 years or (2) will die within 5 years. Speculation A classification rule for cystic fibrosis is presented which correctly assigns 90% of the 5-year survivors and 84% of those who expire. Such a classification scheme is useful for clinical and research purposes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Pulmonary function and morbidity in 40 adult patients with cystic fibrosis.

Pulmonary function and cardiopulmonary complications were studied in a group of 40 patients with cystic fibrosis who reached the age of 25 years. Mean values for vital capacity (VC), functional residual capacity, residual volume (RV), the ratio of RV over total lung capacity (RV/TLC), conductance, and the ratio of the forced expiratory volume in one second over VC were abnormal. There was a variable pattern of progression from patient to patient. The men differed from the women only in that they had a significantly larger TLC and inspiratory capacity than the women. The resultant preservation of VC may have an advantage for survival in those patients in whom it is observed. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was encountered with increasing frequency with age. Massive hemoptysis did not result in early death. The occurrence of rightsided heart failure secondary to cor pulmonale, with or without respiratory failure, was a poor prognostic sign.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The effect of early diagnosis and treatment in cystic fibrosis: a seven-year study of 16 sibling pairs.

Data on 16 sibling pairs with cystic fibrosis were analyzed to test the hypothesis that early treatment of this condition improves prognosis. Younger siblings' conditions were diagnosed before 1 year of age, usually before the onset of pulmonary disease. Older siblings' conditions were diagnosed after 1 year of age and after the onset of pulmonary disease. Although the sibling pairs received similar treatment, comparison at 7 years of age showed that the younger siblings had significantly better chest roentgenogram scores, total clinical scores, residual lung volumes, and ratios of residual volume to total lung volume. Younger siblings also required fewer hospital admissions to control their lung disease. The results suggest that, in general, early initiation of therapy is beneficial for patients with cystic fibrosis.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Immunologic studies in cow's milk-induced pulmonary hemosiderosis.

Antibodies to cow's milk proteins (CMP) were studied by radioallergosorbent tests to determine the quantity and immunoglobulin class of these antibodies in nine patients with precipitins to cow's milk. Three of these patients had pulmonary hemosiderosis (PH); in one other patient pulmonary hemosiderosis was suspected, but not proven. Three patients had nonhemosiderosis chronic lung disease and two had other diseases. Age-matched control subjects were also studied. The quantity and immunoglobulin class distribution of antibodies to CMP were similar in all patients; the quantity of anti-CMP antibody was significantly greater in patients than in control subjects (P less than 0.001). In addition, complement-fixing antibody to CMP was not detected in either patients' or controls' sera. Lymphocyte responses to CMP were studied in three patients with PH, three individuals with other manifestations of milk hypersensitivity (positive controls), and nine negative control subjects. Patients and positive control subjects responded to CMP with greater tritiated thymidine incorporation than the negative control subjects (P less than 0.05). However, no significant difference in response to CMP was observed between the PH patients and the positive control subjects. Antibodies to human lung tissue were studied in the sera of all patients with PH and two negative control subjects. Antibodies to human lung and rat lung were detected in one patient with PH.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1977

Human tracheobronchial secretions: development of mucous glycoprotein and lysozyme-secreting systems.

Baseline rates for secretion of mucous glycoprotein were similar similar (680--830 microgram/g tissue/24 hour) for cultured tracheal epithelium from newborns of 26--32 weeks' gestation, full term newborns, and older children. Addition of methacholine to culture medium augmented secretory rates of glycoprotein from all tissue sources 3--5 fold. The overall composition of secreted mucous glycoproteins changed little with increasing age. A trend toward less sulfation and toward increased sialic acid and fucose content was noted in secreted glycoproteins from explants of older subjects. Histochemical observations of stored glycoprotein in tracheal tissue, which was subsequently used for organ culture experiments, confirmed that a modest, but consistent sulfate to sialic acid shift occurs during early life. In contrast, baseline secretory rates for lysozyme from tracheal epithelium of preterm infants were one-half as large as rates from epithelium of full term babies and were refractory to cholinergic stimulation. Stimulation of lysozyme secretion by a cholinergic agonist was achieved in all cases by 40 weeks' gestation. We conclude that basal glycoprotein secretion and the mechanism for glycoprotein response to cholinergic stimulation have developed by the earliest age of viability, but that lysozyme secretion is deficient and is unresponsive to cholinergic stimulation in tracheal tissue from preterm newborns.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Cystic fibrosis diagnosed after age 13. Twenty-five teenage and adult patients including three asymptomatic men.

Cystic fibrosis was diagnosed after age 13 in 25 patients. All had an elevated sweat chloride and either a sibling with cystic fibrosis or typical pulmonary infection or digestive symptoms caused by exocrine pancreatic deficiency. Fourteen had long-standing pulmonary or digestive symptoms. In contrast, four of eight patients whose symptoms began after age 13 presented with biliary cirrhosis. Three male patients were asymptomatic at diagnosis. Opacification of all paranasal sinuses was found in all patients examined radiologically. At diagnosis, pulmonary-function testing showed obstructive changes in 19 patients and sputum cultures showed Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 15 patients. Delayed menarche in five of seven female patients and infertility in the asymptomatic male patient (two of whom were found to have aspermia) could have led to earlier diagnosis. Teenagers and young adults with long-standing pulmonary or digestive symptoms, unexplained cirrhosis, aspermia, or a sibling with cystic fibrosis should be sweat-tested by pilocarpine iontophoresis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Course of cystic fibrosis in 95 patients.

The course of 95 patients with cystic fibrosis is presented. Survivors have a mean follow-up period of over 14 years (minimum: 13 years). Of 45 patients diagnosed prior to extensive irreversible pulmonary involvement, only one has died and none is disabled. In contrast, of the other 50 patients diagnosed after substantial irreversible pulmonary disease was present, 26 have died. Mortality and morbidity has been greater in females. Possible factors contributing to the improving prognosis include early diagnosis, aggressive management with comprehensive care, easy access to specialized care, and improved antimicrobial therapy.

Adolescent↗