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Biomedical subjects

T Ejlertsen

Publications and source records attributed to T Ejlertsen.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Branhamella catarrhalis as a cause of multiple subpleural abscesses.

A pure growth of Branhamella catarrhalis was obtained from subpleural abscesses in a 65-year-old fisherman with a persistent pneumothorax; underlying disorders included lung fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetes mellitus. A thoracotomy revealed extensive thickening of the visceral pleura covering multiple subpleural abscesses. There was a protracted postoperative course despite surgical debridement and antibiotic treatment with a cephalosporin and erythromycin.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

Non-capsulated Haemophilus influenzae in the genital flora of pregnant and post-puerperal women.

Non-capsulated Haemophilus influenzae may cause neonatal septicaemia. Genital carriage of this pathogen was studied in 3 mothers of infected neonates and in 2 pregnant women in the first trimester. A carrier state in 2 of the females was terminated by antibiotic therapy after 3 and 7 months, respectively. A previous carrier had no recurrence of H. influenzae in a subsequent pregnancy. A survey of 544 parturient women revealed a carrier rate of 1.8/1,000 (95% confidence limits: 0.1-11). Carriage of non-capsulated H. influenzae is thus rare, and pregnant women may be successfully treated in order to reduce the risk of neonatal infection. There was no evidence of immunodeficiency in women with non-capsulated H. influenzae in the genital tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Infections caused by Branhamella catarrhalis].

Branhamella catarrhalis, formerly Neisseria catarrhalis, is a common bacteriological finding in the upper respiratory tract in infancy, and it ranks third on the list of bacterial causes of otitis media and sinusitis. In adults Branhamella catarrhalis may cause acute exacerbations of bronchitis and pneumonia, especially in patients with chronic lung disease. Branhamella catarrhalis is being recognized more frequently as a nosocomial pathogen and it may cause septicaemia in immunocompromised patients. Resistance to penicillin is prevalent and is due to production of beta-lactamases. The pathogenic potential of this agent should not be overlooked.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Reappearance of group A streptococci in acute otitis media.

Specimens from acute otitis media (AOM) examined in the first quarter of the years 1986, 1987, 1988, and 1989 were reviewed in order to point out any changes in the bacteriological etiology. A total of 1,722 specimens were taken in the community and in the hospitals of a county of 500,000 inhabitants in the 4-year-period: 447 (1986), 420 (1987), 388 (1988), 467 (1988). The majority of the specimens came from children less than 10 years of age. The specimen sampling technique differed between the various otologists, but their sampling techniques were constant through the years. Haemophilus influenzae was the most frequent isolate and held a constant incidence of 29.9% with little variation. In 1986-88 Streptococcus pneumoniae was the second (19.8%) and group A streptococci (GAS) the third (9.8%) most common agent in frequency. In 1989 a change in the etiologic agents was seen as GAS increased in frequency to 18.8% (p less than 0.001), while no significant changes occurred in the frequency of H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae. 33% of the specimens were negative in the whole period. It is too early to decide whether a transient epidemic has occurred or whether the findings announce a more constant change in etiology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Chlamydia trachomatis in at-risk groups in legal abortion in the first trimester].

Examination for the presence of C. Trachomatis in the cervix and urethra and bacteriological examination of the cervix were performed in a material of 224 patients for legal abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy. Chlamydia was demonstrated in 8.9% of the patients, Neisseria gonorrhoeae in 0.5% and, in 41%, growth of Gardnerella vaginalis predominated. It proved possible to define a group at risk for the presence of Chlamydia consisting of all the patients under the age of 25 years and nulliparae aged 25-29 years. 17% in this group had positive Chlamydia tests as compared with 1.7% in the patients in other groups. Patients in the above mentioned risk group should be examined for C. trachomatis in cases of legal termination of pregnancy so that appropriate treatment can be administered prior to evacuation.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1989

Infected ventriculostomy: bacteriology and treatment.

During a period of 6 years 256 patients underwent ventriculostomy as their first operative procedure. Twenty-seven patients (11%) developed CSF-infections, in almost 90% caused by Gram-positive cocci compatible with normal skin flora. The incidence of infection was distributed evenly in the postoperative period. All patients received intravenous and intrathecal antibiotic treatment simultaneously according to the sensitivity test. The treatment was highly effective, and without serious adverse effects.

Acinetobacter Infections↗
PubMed1989

Branhamella catarrhalis in lower respiratory tract secretions in adults.

Findings in specimens from the lower respiratory tract were reviewed in order to assess the role of Branhamella catarrhalis in broncho-pulmonary infections. Branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from the first sample of good quality in 68 (6.7%) of 1,016 patients. In 36 there was pure growth, and review of patients charts suggested a diagnosis of Branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia in 12 cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Salmonella bacteremia in renal transplant recipients.

Three cases of salmonella bacteremia in renal transplant recipients are reported. Two patients had prolonged salmonella infections with recurring bacteremia. The longest interval between bacteremic relapses was 15 years. 27 cases from the literature of salmonella bacteremia in renal transplant recipients are reviewed. The courses of salmonellosis in renal transplant recipients are more serious than in other non-compromised patients, being complicated by bacteremia in 70% of the cases. Renal transplant recipients have prolonged carrier states and frequent relapses or recurrences of salmonellosis. 45% of the salmonella bacteremias in renal transplant recipients are seen after a high dose methylprednisolone treatment for graft rejection episodes.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Early diagnosis of postoperative pneumonia following upper abdominal surgery. A study in patients without cardiopulmonary disorder at operation.

In 130 patients with no cardiac or pulmonary disease at the time of elective upper abdominal surgery, chest radiography was performed 2 and 4 days postoperatively. The sputum was examined and the patients were monitored with measurement of body temperature, arterial oxygen tension and white blood counts. Pneumonic infiltrates appeared in 8.4% of the patients and atelectasis in 68.5%. Most of the patients had elevated body temperature, raised white blood count and reduced arterial oxygen tension postoperatively. None of these commonly employed clinical or laboratory findings, singly or in combination, proved adequate for diagnosis of postoperative pneumonia.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Myopericarditis with cardiac tamponade caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W135.

A case of primary myopericarditis in a previously healthy 19-year-old man is described. The patient presented with chest pain, fever, dyspnoea and arthalgia. Cardiac tamponade developed on the fifth day with recurrence on the seventh day, while meningitis never developed. Blood cultures grew Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W135. The patient was treated with penicillin, pericardiocentesis and prednisone. He recovered without sequelae.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Beta-lactamase production in Branhamella catarrhalis isolated from lower respiratory tract secretions in Danish children: an increasing problem.

Findings in specimens from the lower respiratory tract of children were reviewed retrospectively in order to assess the rate of Branhamella catarrhalis and beta-lactamase production. B. catarrhalis was isolated in 139 of 756 samples (18.4%) in 1986 and 211 of 723 samples (29.2%) in 1989. Beta-lactamase production was found in 55.6% of B. catarrhalis strains in 1986 and 80.1% in 1989 (p less than 0.001). Prevalence of beta-lactamase in B. catarrhalis has now reached the same level in Europe as in the USA.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The beta-lactamases of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis isolated from Danish children.

Two distinct beta-lactamases have been isolated from Moraxella catarrhalis: the stronger acting BRO-1 enzyme and the weaker acting BRO-2. Several reports have noted an effect of penicillin and ampicillin on infections caused by M. catarrhalis in spite of the presence of beta-lactamase production. The purpose of this work was to charaterize the beta-lactamases of M. catarrhalis isolated from Danish children regarding type and susceptibility, and to relate these findings to the eradication of beta-lactamases-producing strains by use of antibiotic treatment with penicillin or ampicillin. MICs for penicillin V, ampicillin, cefuroxime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (2:1) were determined in 70 strains of M. catarrhalis: 46 strains from children with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and 24 strains from respiratory healthy children, beta-lactamase production was found in 59 strains. The BRO-1 enzyme was identified by isoelectric focusing in 55 strains (93.2%) and BRO-2 in 3 strains (5.1%); in 1 strain no isoelectric bands were produced. All strains were susceptible to cefuroxime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and non-beta-lactamase-producing strains were susceptible to penicillin and ampicillin. For the beta-lactamase-producing strains, MIC50 of penicillin was 8.0 micrograms/ml, while MIC50 of ampicillin was 1.0 microgram/ml and MIC90 of ampicillin was 2.0 micrograms/ml. M. catarrhalis was more often eradicated from the children who received antibiotic treatment with penicillin or ampicillin than from those who did not receive any treatment, indicating an in vivo effect of penicillin and ampicillin in spite of the beta-lactamase production.

Ampicillin↗