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Biomedical subjects

T Ebihara

Publications and source records attributed to T Ebihara.

104 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A comparison of AJC and JJC proposals on TNM classification of maxillary sinus carcinoma.

The proposal of the JJC, established in 1977 in an effort to establish a TNM classification of maxillary sinus carcinoma, proved superior to the American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging and End Results Recording (AJC) proposal in terms of reproducibility, well-balanced distribution of cases of T, and prognostication using TNM as the indices, after a nationwide analysis of 474 N0M0 Patients who were among the 541 patients first treated between 1970 and 1973 in 11 leading Japanese medical institutions. The number of patients, with their 5-year cumulative survival rates in parentheses, classified by T1, T2, T3, and T4 were as follows: AJC proposal - 0 (-), 21 (68%), 283 (44%), and 170 (31%); JJC proposal - 6 (83%), 148 (51%), 237 (40%), and 83 (22%). The 283 cases for T3 under the AJC classification are to be redistributed over three JJC T units of T2, T3, and T4, with the respective numbers of cases and 5-year cumulative survival rates of 133 (50%), 128 (41%), and 22 (26%). In a similar manner, the 170 T4 cases under the AJC classification are reclassified into 109 (37%) for T3 and 61 (20%) for T4 under the JJC proposal. The JJC proposal enables closer prognostication than the AJC.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Anti-atherosclerotic action of elastase--with special reference to its effect on elastic fibres.

In order to determine the anti-atherosclerotic action of elastase, the aortas from four groups of rats--group N fed a normal diet, group D fed an atherogenic diet with vitamin D2, group N + Ela fed a normal diet with elastase, and group D + Ela fed an atherogenic diet and vitamin D2 with elastase--were studied histologically after 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks of feeding. Group D displayed a remarkable atheromatous change, while the change was insignificant in group D + Ela. The histopathological findings in group D consisted of marked rarefaction, fat deposition, and atheroma in the subendothelial tissue and tunica intima; Van Gieson's staining revealed a conspicuous decrease in elastic fibres, and the remaining elastic fibres had such abnormalities as a tortuous course, bends, and fissures. For group D + Ela, on the other hand, there were few foam cells in the subendothelial tissue and tunica intima and much less marked rarefaction of interstice and fat deposition. Further, the arrangement of elastic fibres was only slightly disordered, and the decreases in elastic fibres and their fissures were moderate. In sharp contrast to group D. which showed marked calcium deposition, group D + Ela was found to have low calcium deposition. No macroscopic and histopathologic abnormalities were found in groups N and N + Ela. Elastase had an inhibitory effect on experimental atherosclerosis in the rat and also regulated the degradation and biosynthesis of elastin, which resulted in the regeneration of elastic fibres.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of substance P in cough.

The sensory neuropeptide, substance P (SP), is present in human airway nerves, beneath and within the epithelium where the condensed localization of neutral endopeptidase (NEP), the major enzyme degrading SP, is observed. To test the hypothesis whether SP stimulates the cough reflex and NEP modifies the cough reflex, we studied the cough response to various stimuli in awake guinea-pigs. Inhibition of NEP with phosphoramidon caused cough, which was inhibited by systemic capsaicin treatment and by aerosols of a specific NK1 receptor antagonist FK 888. Aerosols of FK 888 also inhibited cough induced by bronchoconstricting agents such as acetylcholine and histamine in non-sensitized animals and by ovalbumin antigen in animals sensitized to ovalbumin. The number of coughs induced by histamine aerosols was inhibited by systemic capsaicin treatment and enhanced by pretreatment with a NEP inhibitor phosphoramidon. Likewise, FK 888 inhibited the augmented cough response to aerosolized capsaicin in female guinea-pigs treated with a long-term medication of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, cilazapril. In humans, aerosols of SP did not cause cough in normal subjects, whereas it did in patients with common colds. The SP fragment a major metabolite of SP produced by NEP, was less effective compared with SP in these patients, suggesting that damaged epithelium may facilitate the penetration of SP. These findings suggest that SP released from sensory nerves in response to stimuli may mediate cough and NEP may have a role in modulating SP-induced effects.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A psychiatric appraisal of "glossodynia".

"Glossodynia" is a diagnostic rubric that includes patients enduring pain or a burning sensation in the tongue without any oral pathology or systemic disease. Psychiatric profiles of 50 women patients with "glossodynia" were compared with those of control subjects. The patients scored significantly lower on the Extraversion Scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and higher on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale than the control subjects, whereas there was no significant difference in the mean General Health Questionnaire score. The psychopathology of "glossodynia" may be more markedly associated with personality trait characteristics than with neurotic or depressive symptoms.

Adult↗