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Biomedical subjects

T E Parks

Publications and source records attributed to T E Parks.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Illusory contour lightness: a neglected possibility.

When the area occupied by a typical sharp-edged illusory figure is outlined physically, some illusory lightness survives within the contours as an example of figure-ground contrast. This general phenomenon may therefore account for the direction of the apparent alteration in lightness found within many illusory figures, but it cannot account for the magnitude of that alteration.

Form Perception↗
PubMed1978

Interference with short-term visual memory produced by concurrent central processing.

Double-letter memory and test stimuli were used in two experiments on a speek comparison task. Faster decision times were found when memory and test stimuli were physically identical than when they were the same in name only. This finding was true even with retention intervals as long as 12 sec and even when difficult tasks filled the retention intervals. However, the decision-time advantage of physically identical comparisons was greatest when the interval was not filled with a task likely to interfere with rehearsals. High verbal subjects had a smaller advantage for the physically identical comparisons than did low verbal subjects but were affected in the same way as low verbal subjects in terms of which conditions raised the overall correct comparison times, raised the error rates, and reduced the advantage of physically identical comparisons.

Attention↗
PubMed1975

Rehearsal of visual and auditory stimuli while shadowing.

Memory trigrams were presented by one of three methods: visual-concurrent (all three letters appeared simultaneously), visual-successive, and auditory-successive. During the 12-sec retention interval, subjects shadowed and reported their rehearsals and mnemonic associations via switches. On trials without associations, recall performance was interpreted as support for the hypothesis that the form of rehearsal is related to presentation modality. However, the frequency and temporal patterning of the rehearsals over the retention interval were virtually identical for all three presentation conditions, suggesting that the "control processes" were relatively independent of both method of presentation and modality of rehearsal. Most importantly, these data in combination with earlier data suggest that the efficiency of each rehearsal was also independent of those same factors, in each case quite comparable to that of a concurrent visual stimulus.

Association↗
PubMed1975

Enduring visual memory despite forced verbal rehearsal.

The ability to decide rapidly that two visual stimuli are nominally the same when they are also visually the same (the Posner effect) was examined for stimuli of increasing visual complexity (Experiment 1) and when a greater variety of visual differences between the two stimuli was employed (Experiment 2). When the two stimuli each consisted of a pair of letters or when to single-letter stimuli sometimes differed in both case and style, the Posner effect occurred even though subjects made overt verbal rehearsals of the first stimulus. The results suggest that losses of the Posner effect found under simpler circumstances are not attributable to a switch from visual to exclusively verbal coding.

Adult↗