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Biomedical subjects

T E Moon

Publications and source records attributed to T E Moon.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Combination chemotherapy for alkylator-resistant ovarian carcinoma: a preliminary report of a Southwest Oncology Group trial.

The Southwest Oncology Group has carried out a phase III study of combination chemotherapy in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer who had become resistant to prior drug treatment. Patients previously treated with only alkylating agents were given adriamycin-5-fluorouracil-hexamethylmelamine-cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) combination. There have been 12 partial and two complete responses among 29 evaluable patients (at least one full treatment course) entered in this four-drug combination, for a 48% response rate. Two (7%) additional patients showed objective improvement. The median duration of response was 5.8 months. Ten (34%) of 29 patients have died. The median duration of survival was 12+ months. Patients who had previously received adriamycin plus alkylating agent therapy were treated with 5-fluorouracil-hexamethylmelamine-cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II). Only 23 (31%) of these 74 patients have had partial responses while an additional 7% have had objective "improvement"; 27 (36%) of these patients have died. The median duration of survival was 14 months. Both drug regimens were well-tolerated. There were no drug-related deaths. Although thrombocytopenia was dose-limiting in up to 40% of the patients, the mean lowest platelet counts in the four- and three-drug regimens were 116,000 and 123,000/mm3, respectively. There were no cases of serious azotemia (ie, BUN level greater than 40 mg/100 ml) or severe peripheral neuropathy.

Alkylating Agents↗
PubMed1978

Quantitation of differential sensitivity of human-tumor stem cells to anticancer drugs.

With a direct in vitro tumor-colony assay developed to measure sensitity of human-tumor stem cells to anticancer drugs, we performed 32 retrospective or prospective clinical studies in nine patients with myeloma and nine with ovarian cancer treated with standard agents that were tested in vitro. The results were clearly correlated (P is less than 0.00001). Unique patterns of sensitivity and resistance to the six drugs tested were observed for individual patients. In eight cases of myeloma and three of obarian carcinoma in vitro sensitivity corresponded with in vivo sensitivity whereas in one case of myeloma it did not. In vitro resistance correlated with clinical resistance in all five comparisons in myeloma and all 15 in ovarian cancer. We conclude that this assay shows sufficient promise to warrant larger-scale testing to determine its efficacy for selection of new agents and individualized cancer chemotherapy regimens.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1978

Incidence of meningeal involvement by rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck in children: a report of the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS).

141 patients with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) of the head and neck are reviewed. 57/141 had lesions of para-meningeal sites. 20/57 (35%) developed evidence of direct meningeal extension. 18/20 (90%) died of this complication. Radiation portals and doses were limited in 42% and 32%, respectively. All patients had chemotherapy for 6 weeks prior to radiation. The significance of the adequacy of radiation factors and the timing of chemotherapy are reviewed. Recommendations for managing these patients include earlier use of radiation and increased coverage of adjacent meninges by radiation including total craniospinal axis radiation when brain meningeal involvement exists.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma: a preliminary review of 26 cases encountered in the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study.

Twenty-six of three hundred and fourteen (26/314) patients whose tumors were reviewed by the Pathology Evaluation Committee of the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study have histologic subtypes I and II which have morphologic characteristics similar to Ewing's sarcoma of bone. They are somewhat more common in an extremity lesion but have no relation to patient age. Disease-free survival is good; seventeen of twenty-six (17/26) or sixty-five (65%) percent thus far.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Factors predicting for response and survival in adults with advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Knowledge of the prognostic factors that characterize a disease can assist in planning and analyzing clinical trials. The present study was conducted to determine the characteristics related to response and survival in patients with stage III and IV non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who were treated with combinations of cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, and prednisone. Considering each characteristic individually and using stepwise regression analysis, tumor bulkiness, prior therapy, sex, and pretreatment lymphocyte count were selected as the four most important prognostic variables. Tumor architecture (diffuse or nodular pattern) and cell type, hemoglobin level, and symptoms although not important in predicting response were found to be important in predicting survival. The hemoglobin level had only marginal importance in predicting response. Factors found not be important were age, stage, symptoms, cell type, nodularity, marrow involvement, prior extensive radiotherapy, and bone involvement. A logistic regression equation has been derived that can be used to predict response rate.

Cyclophosphamide↗
PubMed1978

alpha-Tocopherol pretreatment increases adriamycin bone marrow toxicity.

Alpha-tocopherol has been shown to increase survival duration and decrease cardiotoxicity and cell membrane lipid peroxidation in adriamycin treated leukemic mice. We have studied the interacting effects of free alpha-tocopherol-adriamycin or alpha-tocopherol acetate-adriamycin on the latter's inhibition of mouse bone marrow (NCFU) and P388 leukemic (LCFU) stem cell growth. Free alpha-tocopherol or alpha-tocopherol acetate, 85 IU, was given i.p. to normal or leukemic DBA/2 mice 24 hours prior to IV adriamycin, 2--12 mg/kg. NCFU and LCFU assays were carried out as previously described. Both free alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocopherol acetate caused a significant ( p less than .02) increase in adriamycin toxicity to NCFU, whereas alpha-tocopherol acetate did not significantly increase adriamycin's inhibition of LCFU. We conclude that free alpha-tocopherol or alpha-tocopherol acetate may cause a potentiation of adriamycin's bone marrow toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Carnitine prevention of adriamycin toxicity in mice.

Carnitine, a naturally occurring nontoxic compound which aids the myocardial cell in efficiently meeting energy requirements, has been evaluated as a possible protective agent against acute and chronic adriamycin induced mouse toxicity. We have shown that carnitine treatment significantly decreases both acute high dose and chronic, intermittent, low dose adriamycin associated lethality in normal mice. These protective effects are accomplished without decreasing adriamycin anti-tumor activity or increasing bone marrow toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Combination chemotherapy with bis chloroethyl nitrosourea (BCNU), vincristine and dimethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (DTIC) in disseminated malignant melanoma.

One hundred thirty two patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were treated using a combination of BCNU, vincristine and imidazole carboxamide. A response rate of 23% was observed, while 16% had stable disease. The patients' median survival was 42 months from diagnosis and 5.3 months from the onset of treatment. These results are not significantly different from therapy with imidazole carboxamide alone. Patients on this study were observed to have a significant reduction in the number of lymphocytes in their peripheral blood (mean 1800/mm3, median 1550/mm3). Patients with lymphopenia prior to the onset of therapy (86%) had a similar response rate but a shorter median survival (4.4 months vs. 7.8 months, P = .03) than patients with normal lymphocyte levels. These findings are compatible with recent observations on the importance of host immunocompetence in patients with malignant melanoma. Eosinophil levels were not closely correlated with response, although among patients with eosinophil counts of greater than 300/mm3 (22%), a slightly higher response rate (29%) was observed (P = .13). Eosinophilia did not influence patient survival.

Carmustine↗
PubMed1977

Combination chemotherapy using cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and prednisone in solid tumors.

Three hundred and ninety-eight patients with disseminated solid tumors other than breast cancer, were treated with a combination chemotherapy protocol utilizing cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and prednisone. Three hundred and eighty were evaluable (95.5%). Partial or complete tumor regressions were noted in 73 of 380 (19%) evaluable patients. Response to therapy was associated with a prolongation and survival. The largest tumor categories were lung, ovary, and gastrointestinal. The proportion of complete plus partial responses in evaluable lung cancer patients was 40/236 (17%), compared to 20/44 (45%) for ovarian cancer patients and 6/39 (15%) for gastrointestinal tumors. Of the patients who could be evaluated for toxicity, 47% had minimal or no toxicity, 51% had moderate to severe toxicity, and 2% had life threatening toxicity. Virtually all patients were treated and managed as outpatients.

Cyclophosphamide↗
PubMed1977

Bis chloroethyl nitrosourea, vincristine, dimethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide and chlorpromazine combination chemotherapy in disseminated malignant melanoma.

One hundred twenty-one patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were treated with BCNU, vincristine, DTIC, and chlorpromazine (BVD). A response rate of 22% was observed; 28% of the patients had stable disease and 50% had increasing disease. Similar response rates were obtained with both the high dose and low dose treatment schedules. Patients who exhibited some degree of improvement during their initial course of treatment had the highest overall response rate (72%) to BVD chemotherapy. The median survival from onset of therapy was six months for all patients and 18 months for patients who responded to chemotherapy. The median duration of response was 9.9 months. Thus, the addition of chlorpromazine to BVD chemotherapy did not increase tumor response, and the overall results obtained were comparable to DTIC alone. Patients were found to be lymphopenic prior to the onset of therapy. Their median absolute lymphocyte count was 1800/mm3. Those patients with absolute lymphocyte counts above the 2710/mm3 normal mean had significantly higher response rates (35% vs. 19%, P less than .05) and longer survivals (9.8 months vs. 4.3 months, P less than .05) than patients with lower initial lymphocyte levels. Pretreatment eosinophil and monocyte counts were not closely correlated with patient response or survival.

Carmustine↗
PubMed1977

Lymphatic metastasis with childhood rhabdomyosarcoma.

Clinico-pathologic reviews of series of children with rhabdomyosarcoma have yielded conflicting information regarding frequency of lymphatic spread of this disease. The 264 eligible entries in the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (from November 1972 to September 1975) have been categorized by a prospective staging system and pre-treatment characteristics and pathologic findings reviewed. Data accumulated thus far have revealed a higher than expected incidence of lymphatic metastases from extremity (17%) and genito-urinary sites (19%) with a somewhat lower incidence from the orbit (0%), the head and neck region (3%), and trunk (10%). These differences in regard to lymphatic metastases were found to have no relationship to age, sex, tumor size, or histologic type when these factors were simultaneously examined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Rhabdomyosarcoma: response with chemotherapy prior to radiation in patients with gross residual disease.

One hundred and ten Group III patients enrolled in the IRS Study have been reviewed. Of these, 39 are fully and 56 are partially evaluable. Combining the data for both groups 77/95 (81%) have shown complete or partial response/no measurable disease and this has been maintained in 53/95 (56%). No patient received premature RT for local progression during the time of pre-radiation chemotherapy. However, 15/95 patients have shown local recurrence or direct extension to neighboring tissues; 13/15 could be reviewed. Only 3/13 have recurred at a time related to the delay in starting radiation. Overall survival for Group III patients is 72%-85% (Regimen F and Regimen E respectively).

Antineoplastic Agents↗