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Biomedical subjects

T E Herman

Publications and source records attributed to T E Herman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Computed radiography versus screen-film radiography: detection of pulmonary edema in a rabbit model that simulates neonatal pulmonary infiltrates.

PURPOSE: To determine if computed radiography is equivalent to screen-film radiography in depicting pulmonary edema and to determine if radiation exposure can be reduced with computed radiography while maintaining equivalent diagnostic accuracy for pulmonary edema. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Oleic acid was intravenously injected into three rabbits at each of four doses: 0, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06 mL/kg. Two hours later, chest computed radiographs and screen-film radiographs were obtained at 60 kVp and 1.1 mAs. Additional computed radiographs were obtained after reducing milliampere seconds or by reducing milliampere seconds and increasing the kilovolt peak, which reduced bone marrow exposure by up to 20%. The presence of pulmonary opacities, "truth," was established by the wet-dry weight ratio and by chest computed tomography (CT). The radiographs were masked and randomized. Four observers rated the images for the presence of parenchymal opacities with a dichotomous score and judged the quality of the radiographs on a scale from 1 (worst) to 6 (best). Cochran Q tests and McNemar tests were used to analyze the differences in paired comparisons. Image quality was evaluated with logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between truth and observer ability to detect opacity for either modality or for any exposure (P > .05). There was no significant difference between computed radiography and screen-film radiography for image quality (P > .05). CONCLUSION: Computed radiography is equivalent to screen-film radiography in the detection of pulmonary edema. Radiation exposure reduction of 20% can be achieved without affecting pulmonary edema detection or image quality.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Metachondromatosis: report of a family with facial features mildly resembling trichorhinophalangeal syndromePediatr Radiol 1997 Nov;27(11):864.

Four members of a family - three of whom have facial features mildly resembling those of the trichorhinophalangeal syndrome, type I, and all of whom manifested appendicular bony prominences similar to trichorhinophalangeal syndrome, type II - were found to have the radiographic findings of metachondromatosis. The radiographic manifestations and evolution of metachondromatosis are depicted in this report.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Ghosting of pulmonary nodules with respiratory motion: comparison of helical and conventional CT using an in vitro pediatric model.

OBJECTIVE: The study was designed to compare helical CT with varying pitch and reconstruction intervals and conventional CT for revealing pulmonary nodules in a model that simulates respiratory motion in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT scans were obtained in an experimental model with one nodule (3 or 10 mm) in each scan. One-second scans were obtained at rates of 10, 20, and 30 respirations per minute using conventional CT with 4-mm collimation and table incrementation and helical CT with 4-mm collimation and either 4-mm/sec (pitch, 1:1) or 8-mm/sec (pitch, 2:1) table speed. Reconstructions were at 1-, 2-, and 4-mm intervals for scans obtained using 4-mm/sec table speed and at 1- and 4-mm intervals for scans obtained using 8-mm/sec table speed. Images were independently reviewed by three radiologists who estimated the number of nodules on each image. RESULTS: Ghosting (depiction of more than one nodule in a study) was seen in 79%, 80%, and 75% of helical CT scans obtained with a 1:1 pitch using 1-, 2-, and 4-mm reconstruction intervals, respectively. By comparison, ghosting was seen in only 54% and 58% of helical CT scans with a 2:1 pitch using 1-mm reconstruction intervals and 4-mm reconstruction intervals, respectively, and in 56% of conventional CT scans (p < .0001). A single nodule was detected on all other scans, and at least one nodule was seen on all scans. CONCLUSION: Ghosting of nodules is common in this model. Ghosting was seen less often on conventional scans and helical scans with 2:1 pitch than it was on helical scans with 1:1 pitch. Nonetheless, ghosting was seen on more than 50% of all scans with each technique.

Artifacts↗
PubMed1995

Extensive hepatic calcification secondary to fulminant neonatal syphilitic hepatitis.

Congenital syphilis is increasingly being diagnosed in developed countries after many years of decline. The liver is characteristically involved. However, fulminant hepatic failure and subsequent liver calcifications are both rare in patients with congenital syphilis. The infant reported here had both of these rare manifestations of this disease.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1995

Unrecognized retention of intraorbital graphite pencil fragments: the role of computerized tomography.

Children with unrecognized intraorbital pencil fragments may come to attention because of surrounding abscess and granuloma formation, after a long delay, and may be suspected to have an intraorbital neoplasm. Two such patients are reported, with emphasis on CT findings. Recognition of the CT manifestations of intraorbital pencil fragments may allow a more conservative surgical intervention than that for presumed intraorbital neoplasm.

Child↗
PubMed1995

[Type IA glycogenosis with acute pancreatitis].

Type IA glycogenosis, or von Gierke disease, is the most common among the glycogenoses with enlarged liver. Acute pancreatitis is a rare manifestation of type IA glycogenosis and has been attributed to elevated serum fat levels. We report a case of type IA glycogenosis with acute pancreatitis. The radiologists should be familiar with the computed tomography findings in this rare complications of type IA glycogenosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma in childhood: report of a case.

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma is an unconventional chondrosarcoma of distinctive pathology. The tumor, not previously reported in childhood, is characterized by a very poor prognosis with an average survival of only 6 months. Imaging features include a lytic lesion, focal calcifications, and a soft tissue mass.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Escherichia coli O157:H7-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome: value of colonic color Doppler sonography.

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome associated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 presents with a gastrointestinal prodrome. During this prodrome the disease may be difficult to differentiate from acute colitis and other hemorrhagic gastrointestinal diseases. We have found that color Doppler sonography in patients with E. coli-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome of the colon demonstrates a strikingly avascular, thick-walled colon. In the correct clinical setting, this finding should allow a diagnosis during the prodromal phase.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Perlman syndrome: report of a case with additional radiographic findings.

Perlman syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive syndrome of macrosomia and nephromegaly associated with a significant predisposition to Wilms tumor. We report a premature infant with Perlman syndrome to demonstrate additional manifestations of this condition: large cisterna magna, intestinal malrotation, and skeletal abnormalities.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1994

Cavitary pulmonary lesions in type IV Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Type IV Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is characterized by large vessel bleeding, visceral rupture and early death. Pulmonary complications are uncommon. We report an 18-year-old patient with EDS type IV who developed recurrent large, thick-walled lung cavitary lesions, probably a manifestation of focal lung rupture. Such hemorrhagic cavities are probably the basis of the bullous disease and recurrent pneumothoraces occasionally observed in type IV EDS.

Adolescent↗