Biomedical subjects

T E Hartman

Publications and source records attributed to T E Hartman.

39 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis: CT findings.

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine and report the CT findings in patients with diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis (DPL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the CT findings in eight patients with pathologically proven DPL. The patients ranged in age from 3 to 35 years (mean 15 years) and included four male and four female patients. The CT scans were analyzed for type of pulmonary infiltrative process and its distribution, presence or absence of pleural fluid or thickening, and presence or absence of thoracic lymphadenopathy. RESULTS: The main abnormality seen on conventional and high resolution CT in all patients was smooth thickening of the interlobular septa and bronchovascular bundles. Seven of eight patients had patchy bilateral areas of ground-glass attenuation. All eight patients had diffuse increased attenuation of the mediastinal fat, approximating that of water, and mild bilateral perihilar infiltration. Seven of the eight had bilateral pleural effusions or smooth thickening of the pleura (or both), and two had regions of calcified pleural thickening. CONCLUSION: The constellation of CT features of DPL is distinctive and includes diffuse, smooth thickening of interlobular septa and bronchovascular bundles with extensive infiltration of the mediastinal fat and associated perihilar infiltration. Since the CT findings described are suggestive but not pathognomonic, definitive diagnosis requires lung biopsy.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cigarette smoking: CT and pathologic findings of associated pulmonary diseases.

The health risks associated with cigarette smoking are well known. Cigarette smoking is the most important causative factor in the development of bronchogenic carcinoma. Pulmonary diseases such as chronic bronchitis, centrilobular and panacinar emphysema, respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease (RB-ILD), and pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis are also related to cigarette smoking. In adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, the most common manifestation at computed tomography (CT) is a solitary pulmonary nodule; in small cell carcinoma, hilar and mediastinal adenopathy secondary to metastases; and in large cell carcinoma, a mass with central necrosis or cavitation in the lung periphery. For chronic bronchitis, the most common CT finding is bronchial wall thickening, but this finding is nonspecific. Emphysema, both centrilobular and panacinar associated with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, usually manifests as areas of decreased attenuation and may involve bullous changes. However, centrilobular emphysema more commonly involves the upper lungs, whereas panacinar emphysema more commonly involves the lower lungs. Most patients with RB-ILD have normal high-resolution CT scans; however, abnormalities may be present, the most common of which are areas of ground-glass attenuation. CT appearance of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis varies depending on the disease stage: In the early stage, typical CT findings include multiple nodules, usually accompanied by cystic spaces with thin, well-defined walls. As the disease progresses, the cystic spaces become more numerous and the number of nodules decreases.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis: computed tomography and pathologic findings.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the CT findings and corresponding pathological findings of necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis (NSG). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the high-resolution CT and macroscopic and histologic findings in three pathologically proven cases of NSG. RESULTS: The CT findings consisted of one case each with single nodule, multiple nodules, and parenchymal opacification. The abnormalities were peribronchovascular or subpleural in distribution. Histologically, all patients had sarcoid-like granulomas with central necrosis and granulomatous vasculitis. The CT findings correlated closely with the gross pathologic findings. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the CT manifestations of NSG reflect the variable macroscopic pathologic findings.

Adult↗