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Biomedical subjects

T Di Perri

Publications and source records attributed to T Di Perri.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Allopurinol prevents ischaemia-dependent haemorheological changes.

Pre-treatment with allopurinol is able markedly to attenuate the deterioration in blood viscosity (BV) and whole blood filterability (WBF) that occurs after ischaemia during exercise. It also reduces the exercise-induced increase in serum oxidase activity, although this action is slightly less effective in peripheral obliterative arterial disease (POAD) patients. Conversely, allopurinol is completely ineffective in modifying haemorheological parameters in vitro, and it does not affect superoxide anion generation or enzyme release from neutrophils stimulated in vitro with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP). It is suggested that allopurinol may attenuate changes in BV and WBF by affecting xanthine-oxidase-dependent free radical formation in tissues.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Plasma lipid lowering activity of acipimox in patients with type II and type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. Results of a multicenter trial.

A multicenter study was carried out in 130 out-patients to assess the plasma lipid lowering activity of acipimox in type IIa, IIb and IV hyperlipoproteinemia. The study consisted of two periods, an 8-week randomized, double-blind comparison of active drug versus placebo and a 16-week open follow-up with acipimox (400 mg and 250 mg t.i.d., respectively, in type II and IV patients). During the double-blind phase acipimox, compared to placebo, showed a highly significant triglyceride lowering effect in type IV patients (-43% vs. +4%, P less than 0.01), while reducing plasma cholesterol significantly in type II patients (-7% vs. -3%, P less than 0.05). Further reductions in plasma lipids were obtained in both types of hyperlipoproteinemia after the 16-week follow-up. In type II patients, total cholesterol fell by 9% in the former acipimox group and 17% in the former placebo group, whereas a 34% reduction in triglycerides was found in type IV patients previously treated with placebo. Treatment had to be discontinued in 4 patients during the double-blind phase and in 5 patients during follow-up, because of adverse events such as skin reactions and gastric disturbances. Statistical analysis of hematological and biochemical variables expressing safety did not show any significant change during treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Use of extract of Ruscus aculeatus in venous disease in the lower limbs.

The effectiveness and tolerability of a venotropic drug (RAES) composed of an extract of Ruscus aculeatus (16.5 mg), hesperidin (75 mg) and ascorbic acid (50 mg) were evaluated in 40 patients (30 female, 10 male) aged between 28 and 74 years, suffering from chronic phlebopathy of the lower limbs. The cross-over, double-blind trial involved two periods of treatment of 2 months with the drug (2 capsules, 3 times/day) or with placebo, and an interim period of 15 days for wash-out. An overall tendency for improvement occurred that was more distinct during the periods of treatment with the drug. In fact, symptoms and plethysmographic parameters (in particular MVIV 40 and 60) immediately changed significantly in correspondence with the administration of RAES. The biological and clinical tolerability were excellent.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Action of a new non-steroid antiinflammatory drug, nimesulide, on activation of the complement system: an in vitro study.

The complement system has a pivotal role in the antiinflammatory reaction. Furthermore it has been shown that the sequential activation of the complement system may be inhibited at various levels by pharmacological agents such as non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Therefore the eventual anticomplementary action of Nimesulide was assessed in vitro in various experimental models. It was found that it blocks immunohaemolysis in vitro and has a direct effect on serum complement activity. Nimesulide blocks the activation of third complement and this explains why the drug is also inhibitory on the inulin-induced haemolytic reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Receptors on the neutrophil membrane. I. Flunarizine-adenosine antagonism as detected by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation investigations.

Selective proton relaxation rates were measured for selected protons of flunarizine in the presence of neutrophils, yielding evidence of a binding interaction that involves different moieties of the drug. Fast exchange between bound and free environments was demonstrated as the main factor determining the selective relaxation rate enhancement, whereas viscosity effects were shown to be negligible. The relaxation effect was cancelled out by the presence of adenosine as a cosolute in a dose-dependent fashion, leading to the suggestion that the endogenous mediator adenosine affects binding of flunarizine to the neutrophil surface.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1987

Benzodiazepines inhibit in vitro free radical formation from human neutrophils induced by FMLP and A23187.

Diazepam (DZP) inhibited in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner superoxide anion generation and chemiluminescence from human neutrophils stimulated by the formylated oligopeptide FMLP and by the calcium ionophore A23187. The dose-dependent inhibitory effect of DZP on A23187-dependent superoxide generation in the presence of Ca++ 0.6 mM was highly antagonized by increasing extracellular Ca++ concentration to 1.5 mM and to 2.0 mM. Ro 5-4864, a specific ligand for peripheral type benzodiazepine (BZ) binding site, inhibited superoxide generation induced by FMLP, while clonazepam (CNZ), which is selective for brain sites, did not possess any activity. Ro 15-1788, a central type BZ receptor antagonist, did not show any antagonistic activity on DZP-dependent inhibition. A new physiological property for substances presenting an affinity for peripheral type BZ binding sites is supposed. The inhibitory effect of BZ on neutrophil functions seemed to be associated with a Ca++-involving mechanism.

Benzodiazepines↗
PubMed1987

Multicenter double-blind randomized clinical trial of imidazole salicylate versus ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthrosis.

Imidazole salicylate (750 mg t.i.d.) was compared with ibuprofen (400 mg t.i.d.) in a 30-day multicenter double-blind clinical trial in patients with osteoarthrosis. Both drugs were effective in relieving joint pain and in reducing the duration of morning stiffness. A statistically significant reduction of the severity of these symptoms was observed already one week after the start of treatment, lasting until the end of the study. No significant differences in efficacy were demonstrated between the two drugs throughout the trial. The systemic tolerability, assessed by changes in tests of hematological, liver and kidney function, was excellent with both treatments. The incidence of side effects (mostly gastrointestinal complaints) was fairly low in both groups, and lower in the group treated with imidazole salicylate.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Differentiated dosage of microporous colestyramine and its double-blind comparison with a placebo in hypercholesterolaemic patients.

A double-blind trial of microporous colestyramine (MPC) at different dosages was undertaken on 18 hypercholesterolaemic patients (Fredrickson classification Type II A) in three groups. During the attack phase of four weeks, three dosage regimens of MPC were used, 9 g, 12 g and 18 g for six patients in each group. During the maintenance phase of eight weeks, the patients were divided into two groups of nine each, one group receiving MPC 9 g/day and the other a placebo. The attack phase demonstrated the efficacy of the MPC therapy at all three dosage levels with minimal side-effects and the maintenance phase showed significant adverse variations in the total and HDL-cholesterol levels and in the intraratio in the placebo group, and in the physician's and patients judgement of the efficacy of the MPC therapy compared with the placebo. It is considered that MPC provides an excellent alternative therapy for prolonged treatment of hypercholesterolaemia, where a specific diet therapy is unacceptable.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Efficacy of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides at high dosage in counteracting the unwanted activity of oral contraceptives on venous function.

In a double-blind study the effect of a high dosage of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides (HR) was tested in women taking oral contraceptives and suffering from venous insufficiency of the lower limbs. Ten patients were treated for 28 days with HR (3 g/day) and ten with a placebo. In basal conditions and after therapy, the symptoms of venous disorders and the venous function, by means of strain gauge plethysmography, was evaluated in both groups. The results showed an increase of venous capacitance and a reduction of venous tone in the subjects treated including those without symptoms in the lower limbs. The HR treatment resulted in a significant improvement of the venous function parameters and of the symptoms in lower limbs.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Defibrotide in vitro inhibits neutrophil activation by a Ca++-involving mechanism.

Defibrotide, a polydeoxyribonucleotide provided with a pro-fibrinolytic and prostacyclin-like activity, was studied as an inhibitor of polymorphonuclear leucocyte activation in vitro. It was found capable of dose-dependently (1-8 X 10(-5) M) inhibiting FMLP-induced activation, as shown by a decrease of enzyme release and free-radical formation (superoxide anion generation and chemiluminescence). A similar inhibiting activity was observed on A23187-induced activation. An increase in extracellular Ca++ concentration significantly prevented the effect of defibrotide on ionophore stimulation. When PMA was employed as stimulating agent, the drug did not show any inhibiting effect. Finally the pre-treatment of cells with theophylline markedly reduced the inhibition by defibrotide of FMLP- and A23187-dependent activation. Since the stimulation of neutrophils by FMLP and A23187 depends on the increase of cytoplasmic free-calcium availability or extracellular calcium entrance respectively, whereas PMA activation is completely independent from any Ca++ change, the inhibiting effect of defibrotide could be attributed to a Ca++-involving mechanism.

Calcium↗