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Biomedical subjects

T Crook

Publications and source records attributed to T Crook.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Implications of memory and language dysfunction in the naming deficit of senile dementia.

Young normals, elderly normals, and patients with either mild-to-moderate or severe senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) were administered several tests of language function and remote memory. On all of the language tests examined, elderly normals exhibited a mild, nonsignificant performance decrement relative to the young normals. Advanced SDAT patients were markedly impaired on all of the tests. Early dementia patients were most impaired, relative to aged normals, on tests of object naming, category instance fluency, and remote memory. The deficit was smaller on the WAIS vocabulary subtest, on selecting the name of a visually presented object, and on recalling the function of an object. Early SDAT patients were least impaired in selecting the picture of an object after its name had been provided and in selecting objects that belong to a specified functional category. The results are consistent with the notion that the language dysfunction in early SDAT is due to a deficit in semantic memory function in which general, categorical information remains available whereas information about specific attributes becomes less accessible. The object naming test might be useful in the assessment of treatment effects upon SDAT because of its sensitivity and specificity to dementia, its high face validity, and its independence of recent memory.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

A visual recognition memory test for the assessment of cognitive function in aging and dementia.

Young, non-demented elderly, and elderly demented subjects were administered a computerized visual recognition memory task. In the task, subjects were instructed to point out the new object from a group of objects whose number was progressively incremented. The test was subject-paced and made use of face-valid stimulus materials; it is closely comparable to tests developed for memory assessment in non-human primates that are sensitive to the effects of hippocampal ablation. The present task was found to elicit significant differences in performance between young and non-demented aged subjects, between the non-demented and demented elderly, and between demented subjects in the early and more advanced stages of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT). In a discriminant analysis, the visual recognition memory test scores correctly classified 72.6% of the aged subjects and early SDAT patients. No significant difference in task performance was found between SDAT patients and demented patients with a significant cerebrovascular etiological component. Thus, although the task does not appear to be suitable for diagnostic purposes it would be useful for the assessment of treatment effects upon age-related cognitive dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Corneal infiltrates with red eye related to duration of extended wear.

Seventy-eight patients wearing Bausch & Lomb 03/04 Soflens for extended wear were followed for over two years. Corneal infiltrates associated in only 2.7% of patients who removed their lenses more often than every five weeks; however, the incidence of infiltrates increased to 25% in those wearing their lenses for 5 weeks without removal. Beyond 5 weeks removal, the incidence averaged 27%. Removal, however brief, and cleaning of the lens gets rid of ocular debris trapped underneath the lens which, it is speculated, triggers this inflammatory response.

Contact Lenses, Extended-Wear↗
PubMed1982

The Global Deterioration Scale for assessment of primary degenerative dementia.

Cognitive decline associated with old age and consistent with the diagnosis of primary degenerative dementia is a unique clinical syndrome with characteristic phenomena and progression. The authors describe a Global Deterioration Scale for the assessment of primary degenerative dementia and delineation of its stages. The authors have used the Global Deterioration Scale successfully for more than 5 years and have validated it against behavioral, neuroanatomic, and neurophysiologic measures in patients with primary degenerative dementia.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1981

Acquisition and retention of categorized material in normal aging and senile dementia.

The "shopping list task" is a new verbal learning task with a high degree of face validity for elderly subjects. Learning and delayed recall performance were examined for three groups of subjects: young normals (n = 63, median age = 21), elderly normals (n = 44, median age = 69) and mild to moderately impaired senile dementia patients (n = 60, median age = 70). The young normal subjects performed best of the three groups in both initial learning and delayed recall measures. The elderly normals showed significant decrements in learning and recalling the list items (p less than .01). The impaired elderly showed much greater performance decrements in both learning and recall. None of the subjects showed a deficit in delayed recognition. These results suggest that both storage and retrieval difficulties occur in normal aging and dementia. The recognition test results suggest that recall deficits evidenced by both elderly groups are in large part due to faulty retrieval mechanisms. Since the shopping list task discriminated well among the three groups, it has potential for memory assessment in clinical settings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Parent-child relationships and adult depression.

Reports of early parental behavior provided by 714 hospitalized depressed patients were compared with those provided by 387 normal adults. The 2 groups were also compared on ratings of parental behavior along the acceptance-rejection and autonomy-control dimensions, based on reports of other informants. Differences between the groups suggest that depression in adult life may be related to parental rejection and control through techniques such as derision, negative evaluation, and withdrawal of affection during childhood. Maternal rejection was found more closely associated with depression in female than in male children, and the effect was essentially the same among black and white subjects. Paternal rejection, on the other hand, appeared more closely associated with depression in males than females among blacks, while among whites paternal rejection was related to depression in females rather than males. It is suggested that the thoughts of personal worthlessness and inferiority seen in depression and theorized by Beck to be of principal etiologic significance in the disorder may have their origin in the early parent-child relationships.

Adolescent↗