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Biomedical subjects

T Chernev

Publications and source records attributed to T Chernev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Second trimester Down syndrome serum screening--results from a pilot study].

The results from a pilot prospective study--second trimester Down syndrome [DS] serum screening between 15 and 21 w.g. with two markers (alpha-fetoprotein and free bb-hCG)--were summarised. Sensitivity, false-positive rate [FPR], positive predictive value [PPV] of the screen positive and negative predictive value [NPV] of the screen negative result for the sbgroups II and below 35 years of age were analysed. The uptake for invasive prenatal testing in screen positive patients and the percentage of terminated pregnancies with prenatally diagnosed DS fetuses as well as the ratio "lost unaffected pregnancies/1 DS fetus diagnosed antenatally" were also calculated. High sensitivity of the DS serum screening was achieved--75% and 87.5% in the subgroups below and II the age of 35 respectively with 6.6 and 31.7% FPR. With higher DS age risk the PPV of the screen positive test was higher and the NPV of the screen negative result--lower. The percentage of invasive prenatal testing in screen positive patients was high (average 83.4%) without significant differences in the two age subgroups. Pregnancy was terminated in all cases with antenatally diagnosed DS fetuses. The ratio "lost unaffected pregnancies/1 DS fetus diagnosed antenatally" for serum screening was lower compared to the same ratio when screening by age. The results from our pilot study (serum screening sensitivity and FPR, uptake for invasive testing in screen-positive cases) are comparable to the ones reported in literature. This is an important prerequisite for introduction of mass DS screening for our population.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed2002

[Pregnancy complications with abnormal results of biochemical screening for Down syndrome in second trimester and normal fetal karyotype].

Pregnancy complications were studied in the following groups of pregnancies with structurally and chromosomally normal fetuses: 1) 216--with elevated free beta-hCG above 2 MoM and 134--above 2.5 MoM; 2) 37--with elevated alpha-fetoprotein [AFP] above 2 MoM; 3) 67 screen-positive patients below the age of 35. The following complications were compared in the studied and the control groups: preterm delivery and premature rupture of membranes [PROM], preeclampsia (in general and severe one), IUGR without preeclampsia, delivery of small for gestational age [SGA] and low birth weight [LBW] infants and perinatal fetal loss. Pregnancy outcome in cases with free beta-hCG above 2 MoM was not different from that in the control group. With 2.5 cut-off level the incidence of preeclampsia and of LBW infants was higher in the studied than in the control group. Elevated AFP above 2 MoM alone was associated with more frequent preeclampsia including severe one (in all the latter cases--IUGR present). In the screen-positive group the incidence of preeclampsia (in general and severe one with IUGR), SGA and LBW infants and perinatal mortality rate were significantly higher than in the control group. No difference was found between the studied and the control groups regarding subsequent development of IUGR without preeclampsia, preterm delivery and PROM. Abnormal second trimester serum screening test results (elevated free beta-hCG or AFP alone above 2.5 and 2 MoM respectively) in pregnancies with normal fetal karyotype indicate higher risk for subsequent development of preeclampsia. Screen-positive patients, being a heterogeneous group (including ones with elevated free bb-hCG alone and ones with elevated both free beta-hCG and AFP), are at increased risk for other pregnancy complications too.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Frequency of antiphospholipid antibodies and Leiden mutation of hemostasis Factor V in unexplained recurrent fetal and embryo loss].

Object of the study are women with a history of unexplained recurrent embryo, fetal and early neonatal death, severe preeclampsia, fetal growth retardation, abruptio placentae, puerperal thromboses. Quite often placental insufficiency is linked to abnormal vascular system and hemostatic disturbancies. In about 65% of the women with a complicated and in 18% of the women with a normal pregnancy are observed different genetic anomalies that lead to a hypercoagulative state. A major place is taken by the Leiden mutation of hemostasis factor V, by protein C and protein S deficiency, etc. Another disease that leads to arterial and venous thromboses and is most often linked to recurrent miscarriage is the antiphospholipid syndrome. Many authors confirm the findings of large placental infarctions and thromboses in women who are positive for antophospholipid antibodies.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed2000

[The attitude of pregnant women to the possibilities for the prenatal screening and diagnosis of Down's syndrome in the 2nd trimester].

The aim of the study was to assess pregnant women's attitude and receptivity for second trimester prenatal screening and diagnostic tests for fetal Down syndrome [DS], factors that influence attitude formation, sufficiency of patients' information, advisability of introduction of these tests in routine prenatal care Interviews with 129 pregnant women were conducted after they had received written information concerning prenatal DS screening and diagnostic tests Five questions to the point of the matter as well as 14 related to the personal characteristics of the interviewed were included. Ultrasound screening rt]. accepted by 98.4% serum screening--by 93% and invasive prenatal testing--by 90% of the pregnant women Patients receptivity for serum screening and invasive testing Was influenced by factors like age, past obstetric history educational level, religiosity, attitude towards patient's own health For some of the factors statistically significant relationships were present while for others only some trends were outlined Regarding patients' high receptivity for prenatal DS screening and diagnostic tests the latter can be recommended as an element of the routine prenatal care in our country.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Asymptomatic infections of the genital tract and infertility].

Diagnosis of male genital tract inflammations plays a significant role in andrology. Although genital infections are often silent they can severely impair male infertility. In seminal plasma of 100 patients were determined IgG and SigA (radial immunodiffusion) the number of peroxydase-positive cells in addition to conventional semen parameters and microbiological investigations. There was carried out quantitative determination of alpha-amylase in connection with semen liquefaction. The results showed that exact quantitation of above mentioned parameters distinguish inflammatory male adnexal affections, which is appropriate for control of anti-inflammatory treatment and facilitates the diagnosis of inflammatory process in andrology.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Application of low-molecular-weight heparin during pregnancy and delivery in case of reproductive failure due to antiphospholipid syndrome].

The authors report the results of application of low molecular weight heparin during pregnancy, delivery and after birth to counter placental insufficiency in case of primary antiphospholipid syndrome. The patient had been treated with Fraxiparin for 126 days. No systemic or local side effects were spotted. There were no genital bleeding and tromboembolic accidents during pregnancy. A Caesaerean section was carried out under spinal anaesthesia. Fraxiparin treatment was not halted during the section, which was accompanied by a normal blood loss. The pregnancy yielded an eutrophic newborn and no complications were demonstrated during the neonatal period.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Modern noninvasive methods for terminating pregnancy in the 2nd trimester].

Pregnancy interruption upon medical indications between the 13th and 21st gestational weeks is carried out mainly by two-phase invasive techniques including intraamnial application of NaCl and vaginally prostaglandins, laminarie or solutio rivanoli, followed by a surgical treatment (instrumental revision). Because of its invasive character these techniques can cause severe complications. The application of prostaglandin analogues (P.G.) is safer but it is connected with gastrointestinal side effects and their action is often protrachirated especially "primigravida" with a undeveloped infantile P.V.C.U. the author proposes a highly effective non-invasive technique implementing the following combination: sensibilization with an antiprogestin (synthetic norsteroid--Ru 486), applied perorally: 1 tablet 200 mg; 24 hours before the intracervical (vaginal) insertion of the PGO2 tablet or gel. Results are extremely effective and good: the time for pregnancy interruption is reduced to more than 50% (average 5 to 10 hours), side effects and complications are minimized and the hospital stay is significantly reduced.

Abortifacient Agents, Steroidal↗
PubMed1999

[The preoperative preparation of the vagina with Betadine before abortion on demand].

Recent evidence has associated bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis with several postoperative complications. We carried out a prospective study aiming to estimate the frequency of vaginitis in women wanting to make an artificial abortion and the possibility to influence this infections by local application of vaginal BETADINE suppositories in all forms of infectious vaginitis: Candida albicans, trichomonas vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1999

[Administration of exogenous surfactant in premature very low birth weight infants with RDS].

A retrospective study is carried out with the aim of establishing the effect from surfactant therapy on pulmonary function, survival and complication from intensive therapy on VLBWI with RDS. 67 premature infants below 1500 grams are included in the study divided in 3 groups: I gr.--27 babies treated with Corosurf; II gr.--16 babies treated with Exosurf; III gr.--24 control babies without surfactant. The results show that in spite of relatively lower gestational age and higher incidence of inborn infection in group I, Curosurf treated babies spend shortest time on mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy showing lower incidence of BPD, IVH and mortality rate.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1999

[Second trimester pregnancy termination with and without prostaglandins].

The effectiveness of three methods for second trimester pregnancy termination [TOP) was compared. A retrospective analysis was made in 34 cases with TOP by intraamniotic saline instillation and 19 cases with extra-amniotic appreciation of y ballon-catheter, followed by stimulation of uterine contractions by intravenous oxytocin infusion. The results were compared with the ones in 13 prospectively studied cases in which the extra-amniotic appreciation of the ballon-catheter was preceded by treatment of the cervix with 0.5 mg prostin E2 intracervically. In nulliparous patients the treatment of the cervix with y single dose prostaglandins did not shorten the mean abortion time neither reduced the percentage of unsuccessful and prolonged abortions. In parous patients the abortion time was significantly reduced. No failed or prolonged abortions were registered.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1998

[The use of Curosurf with premature infants--the prevention or treatment of the neonatal RDS].

A randomized clinical prospective study is carried out aiming to compare prophylaxis with Curosurf versus rescue treatment. 28 inborn VLBW I are included: 17 received Curosurf as prophylaxis and 11 controls, who received rescue treatment if indicated. Both groups are similar regarding mean body weight, mean gestational age, dosage of Curosurf, etc. Results underwent statistic analysis. Data from the study shows better effect from prophylaxis with Curosurf: smaller number of babies developed RDS and especially RDS grade III-IV (subsequently less babies needed a second dose of Curosurf); higher PaO2/FiO2 ratio; reduced duration of artificial ventilation and of oxygen therapy; reduced incidence of BPD. Results do not show statistically significant difference, but a tendency for ft. As a conclusion: prophylaxis with Curosurf leads to a decrease in the incidence and severity of RDS and to reduced duration of ventilation support and oxygen therapy.

Biological Products↗
PubMed1998

[Pregnancy outcome (perinatal mortality and morbidity) in women with diabetes].

In our study we have 313 cases--100 cases as a control group and 213 cases as a diabetic group. Different types of pregnancy outcome have been studied in these cases (perinatal mortality rate and perinatal morbidity). The most frequent morbidity is from: fetopathy diabetic, congenital malformation, respiratory distress syndrome, preterm delivery, intrapartum traumatic complications (shoulder dystocia, brachial plexus injury, intracranial bleeding, fracture of clavicle), hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hyperbilirubinemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The mode of delivery in pregnant diabetics].

In our study we have 313 cases--100 cases as a control group and 213 cases as a diabetic group. We studied in these cases the mode of delivery either spontaneous labour, labour induction, cesarean section, forceps and vacuum delivery.

Bulgaria↗
PubMed1998

[Current monophasic hormonal contraception].

Data are presented from an investigation of the use of monophasic contraceptive pills chosen by different age groups. Analyses are made of the data obtained from the Bulgarian Association for Family Planning (BAFP) card index for the last two years. Information is given on the number of observed cycles, type of applied contraceptive pill, aims of their application (contraception, treatment of acne, menstrual disturbances etc.), age of patients, as well as any possible adverse effects--change in blood pressure, bodyweight changes, intermenstrual bleeding, hairiness, breast problems, paraclinical changes, etc. The observed cycles show a very small percentage of adverse effects with hormonal contraception, mainly during the first 2 or 3 cycles, with predominance of intermenstrual bleeding. No bodyweight changes or increased hairiness were observed.

Adolescent↗