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Biomedical subjects

T Chard

Publications and source records attributed to T Chard.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1973

Vasopressin analogue DDAVP in diabetes insipidus: clinical and laboratory studies.

In seven patients with cranial diabetes insipidus an analogue of vasopressin, DDAVP, produced an antidiuresis lasting up to 20 hours after a single intranasal dose. Lysine vasopressin (LVP) in the same dose produced a less potent antidiuresis which lasted for only three to four hours. The plasma half life of DDAVP was 7.8 and 75.5 min for the fast and slow phases, compared with 2.5 and 14.5 min for LVP. Radioiodine-labelled DDAVP was not destroyed by incubation with late pregnancy plasma, which contains an enzyme that inactivates vasopressin. The slow metabolic clearance of DDAVP, its absorption through the nasal mucosa, and its lack of side effects make this the ideal drug for the treatment of vasopressin-sensitive diabetes insipidus. Patients usually require 10 to 20 mug DDAVP given intranasally twice daily for good clinical control of their diabetes insipidus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1973

Placental lactogen levels in diabetic pregnancy.

A prospective study has been carried out of placental lactogen levels in pregnancy complicated by diabetes mellitus. The levels were higher than those in normal pregnant subjects; the higher levels were related to increased placental and fetal weight but more closely to the former; and lower levels were found when there was clinical evidence of placental dysfunction. Those patients requiring the largest insulin increment for the control of their diabetes in the pregnancy have placental lactogen levels in the higher range.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1972

Placental lactogen levels as guide to outcome of threatened abortion.

The clinical value has been assessed of circulating placental lactogen levels as a pointer to the outcome in a patient with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy. By using a semiautomated radioimmunoassay the normal range of values for the first and second trimesters has been established. In patients admitted with vaginal bleeding after the eighth week of gestation estimation of plasma human placental lactogen showed that patients with low levels were those in whom the abortion was completed during the first admission. Women whose pregnancies continued normally or who aborted after their first discharge from hospital had normal levels. In a small group sampled before the onset of bleeding but who later aborted the mean levels were lower than normal. This simple and inexpensive test can indicate those women in whom abortion is inevitable and could be used to reduce substantially the length of hospital stay in this common complication of early pregnancy.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1972

Oxytocin release by infused prostaglandin.

Plasma oxytocin levels were measured serially in 22 women receiving prostaglandin E(2) or F(2alpha) intravenously for the induction of labour. Oxytocin was detected in the plasma of 19 of the 22 women; positive levels were found in 60 (43%) of 139 plasma samples, an incidence similar to that in the late first stage of spontaneous labour. Oxytocin was found in the maternal plasma even when the fetus was dead, and in the plasma of two men receiving prostaglandin infusions. This indicates that prostaglandins stimulate the pituitary directly and suggests that this mechanism may play a part in the oxytocic action of infused prostaglandins.

Female↗