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Biomedical subjects

T C Chao

Publications and source records attributed to T C Chao.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

Medical negligence--prevention and management.

The rising spate of malpractice cases against doctors appearing in the press and annual reports of medical insurance companies causes concern. Are our doctors more careless or is the public more conscious of litigation? A well publicized malpractice case can ruin the doctor's career and practice. It is well worth a doctor's while to know the pitfalls and learn how to prevent them, and if a mistake happens, how to manage it. Not all mistakes amount to negligence. How will the court view these cases? Some local cases are cited to illustrate the difference between misadventure and negligence. They will serve as guidelines for good medical practice.

Communication↗

Geographic forensic medicine and forensic sciences.

The necessity of learning more about the criminality and the culture of persons from overseas is upon us. As forensic scientists, we have to take a lead in presenting information to our colleagues that would facilitate their investigations. In this paper, we look at many of the different cultures that have been presented to American authorities, and the activities of the Milton Helpern International Center for the Forensic Sciences are discussed.

Asia↗

Road traffic accident casualties in Singapore (with special reference to drivers and front seat passengers).

In 1981, there were 43,142 road traffic accidents in Singapore resulting in 12,755 casualties with 273 deaths. The fatality rate is calculated at 6.79 per 10,000 vehicles, a figure that is high when compared with developed countries but low in comparison within the surrounding region. Various measures have been taken by the Government to lower this figure; by education, legislation, persuasion and law enforcement. The latest legislation is the seat belt law. The result of a survey on the effect of this has shown an appreciable reduction in injuries sustained.

Accidents, Traffic↗

Death in sports and recreation.

In a 10 year survey of deaths during sports and recreation, 110 deaths occurred and 80% of these were due to unnatural causes, the majority being drowning. Twenty-two cases were due to natural causes mainly due to failure of the circulatory system. The mechanism of death was briefly discussed and it was deemed advisable for those who are going to undertake a training programme in running or athletics to have a medical examination. This is especially important if one is over 30 years of age and have family history of heart disease and high blood pressure and those who led a sedentary life.

Adolescent↗

Coroner's practice in Singapore.

The coroner investigates into sudden, unnatural and violent deaths and cases in which the manner the person came by his death is unknown. In Singapore the coroner is a magistrate and he has all the powers conferred on a magistrate court. Yearly there are about 2,500 cases reported to the coroner and about 74% of these are subjected to postmortem examination. Death by unnatural causes formed about 55% of the postmortem cases. The Forensic Pathologist cooperates closely with the coroner and police in medico-legal investigations into these deaths.

Coroners and Medical Examiners↗

Acute heat stroke deaths.

Ten cases of death due to heat stroke are described. They were all young men who collapsed during running exercise or route march and died in hospital later. Post-mortem examination was carried out in all cases. Death was due to disseminated intravascular coagulation with widespread microthrombus formation and coagulative necrosis involving many organs. Meteorological studies showed that at the time of the collapse the environmental temperature was higher than average although it may have been in the morning or evening.

Adolescent↗

Non-specific aorto-arteritis in Singapore with special reference to hypertension.

Aorto-arteritis has recently emerged as a distinct disease entity with involvement of aorta and its major branches by a non-specific inflammation of unknown etiology. Though the distribution of this disease is worldwide, it is more prevalent in Japan, India, and South-east Asia. This paper describes a series of 48 cases seen in Singapore and emphasizes the protean nature of this disease. Though modes of clinical presentation were many, hypertension appeared to be the commonest as it occurred in 33 patients, giving an incidence of 69 per cent. This incidence was much higher than the 48 per cent reported among Europeans and 42 per cent reported among South Africans. It would therefore appear that hypertension was a far more common manifestation of aorto-arteritis among Asians. The commonest cause of hypertension in aorto-arteritis in this series was renovascular, with renal artery stenosis or occlusion occurring in 27 cases (85 per cent). The frequency of involvement of the renal artery is much greater than the 34 per cent reported by the Japanese. Therefore renovascular hypertension should be regarded as a predominant feature of aorto-arteritis in Singapore.

Adolescent↗

Home safety.

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Accidents, Home↗