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Biomedical subjects

T C Brown

Publications and source records attributed to T C Brown.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Post-mortem blood alcohol in general aviation pilots.

Blood alcohol concentrations are reviewed from a series of 250 consecutive fatal accidents, involving 259 pilots, for the years 1962 through 1975. BACs were obtained in 150 of 213 fatally injured pilots whose bodies were recovered. Positive BACs were 18% of total estimations. Impairment by alcohol was probably a factor in about 9% of accidents in which valid BACs were obtained. These percentages are not significantly different from lumped U.S. data. Comparison with fatal accidents in other modes of personal transportation shows alcohol plays a part in the following descending order: cars in single-vehicle accidents, all cars, motorcycles, general aviation aircraft.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1976

Cryocrystalglobulinemia.

A 40-year-old woman had cryocrystalglobulinemia with IgG2(K1). To date, 27 other cases of spontaneous crystallization of a plasma protein have been reported. In all, the protein, a cryoglobulin, has been found to be an IgG molecule. The disease most commonly associated with this phenomenon has been multiple myeloma. None of the patients have had Raynaud's phenomenon, but many have had purpuric skin lesions made worse by exposure to cold. In the two cases of essential cryocrystalglobulinemia, crystals were found in the peripheral blood film. Immunologic, biochemical and ultrastructural studies have so far not demonstrated any property common to all cryocrystalglobulins.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Computer controlled studies in surface cooling hypothermia: the effect of carbon dioxide on brain temperature.

A computer controlled ventilation system was employed to maintain a constant end-expired CO2 percentage (FECO2) during a series of studies on young dogs aimed at measuring brain temperature differences during surface cooling hypothermia. The conclusion is that an FECO2 of six per cent or more is desirable if brain temperature differences are to be minimized. Additional experiments showed that ethyl alcohol and sodium nitroprusside infusions during cooling did not decrease brain temperature differences.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The use of summary answers as the basis for tutorials.

The use of summary answers to a question as an aid to introducing and guiding a tutorial is described using as an example a question about the physiological changes associated with pyrexia. It illustrates a method that involves all the students and develops a logical comprehensive answer that can also be helpful to students preparing for examinations.

Australia↗
PubMed1976

Tricyclic antidepressant overdosage: experimental studies on the management of circulatory complications.

Tricyclic antidepressant overdosage may be complicated by cardiac arrhythmias, which were sometimes difficult to treat prior to the use of sodium bicarbonate. Experiments have been done with several antiarrhythmics in an attempt to define the optimum treatment. Sodium bicarbonate proved the most effective experimentally and this supports our clinical experience. Physostigmine is a useful second drug, having beneficial effects against arrhythmias and central nervous system manifestations of toxicity. Practolol, although reversing the arrhythmias, tends to cause hypotension. Other drugs tried were less effective.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1976

A network model for decentralized family practice residency training.

The organization of departments and divisions of family practice in a majority of medical schools in the United States has facilitated a recent trend toward increasing numbers of university affiliations with family practice residency programs in community hospitals. Many difficult issues arise when such affiliations are explored and developed. To date, the literature is meager on this important subject. This paper describes the elements of a network model for decentralized family practice residency training which has been in operation at the University of California Davis for over four years. Common issues are outlined, together with the various advantages of affiliation to the community hospital and the university. An active partnership between the medical school and community through a network of affiliated residency programs can effectively contribute to the quality of medical education and patient care on a regional basis and at the same time directly address the problem of physician maldistribution.

California↗
PubMed1975

Teaching pelvic examination to second-year medical students using programmed patients.

A great deal of interest has been expressed in the use of the "programmed" patient during the past several years. This pilot study used programmed patients to teach medical students the techniques of pelvic examination. From the study, it was concluded that the experience with the programmed patient adds significantly to an undergraduate learning program, that this technique is well accepted by students and faculty, and that it adds realism to the study of obstetrics and gynecology early in a medical school curriculum.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗
PubMed1975

Hodgkin's disease in children. A retrospective analysis: 1958-73.

One hundred nine children with Hodgkin's disease consecutively treated at The Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, during 1958-1973 are reviewed. Crude 5-year survival rates, regardless of stage, were 1958-64--50%; 1965-68--73%; and 1969-73--95%. The corresponding 5-year relapse-free rates were 19%, 20%, and 57%. This progressive improvement in results was associated with the sequential introduction of lymphography and laparotomy with splenectomy, the change from involved field to extended field irradiation, and the introduction of multiple agent chemotherapy, at first for generalized relapse and recently as elective initial therapy, combined with extended field irradiation for children in advanced stages.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Increased sensitivity of regional measurements in early detection of narcotic lung disease.

Intravascular foreign body thromboembolism and interstitial or vascular granulomata in the lungs are common sequelae to intravenous drug abuse. Early detection of such complications is important, because of the youthful population often involved. Conventional pulmonary function tests, including forced expiratory volumes, diffusion capacity for CO (DLco), chest radiograph and arterial blood gas analysis were performed in 23 narcotic addicts, most of whom had no pulmonary symptoms. The results were compared with radionuclide pulmonary function studies obtained following inhalation of 133Xe gas and injection of 99-mTc albumin microparticles. Thirteen subjects who had normal nonnuclear pulmonary function tests, including DLco and chest radiograph, demonstrated significant abnormalities of regional lung perfusion by lung scan. Of the ten subjects with abnormal DLco all had abnormal perfusion scans and five were noted to have hypoxia at rest. In addition, six of the ten subjects with abnormal DLco revealed a history of concomitant "solid pill abuse" along with heroin abuse, whereas only 2 of 13 subjects with normal DLco admitted tooccasional solid pill abuse. The perfusion lung scan is therefore a sensitive means for detection of early lung disease in narcotic addicts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The influence of chemotherapy on the management of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata at the Princess Margaret Hospital. A comparison of the results from 1962-64 with 1967-69.

A retrospective study of 460 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients seen in 1962-64 (185) and 1967-69 (275) revealed a marked improvement in the survival of patients treated during the later interval. The increased survival was not due to differences in the age or sex distribution of patients, the proportions with systemic symptoms or extranodal presentations. The improvement was due partially to a disproportionate increase in the number of patients with well- and intermediately differentiated nodular lymphocytic lymphomata in 1967-69. When these patients were removed, the proportions of patients with "good" and "poor" pathology were comparable for the two intervals, and a markedly improved survival was still evident for the 1967-69 group. An improvement in the proportion of patients achieving a complete remission occurred only in patients who received some form of chemotherapy. Relapses occurred in 44.6% of patients with Stage I and II disease treated with radiotherapy alone. The results of this study indicate that we must re-evaluate carefully the indications for radiotherapy in the treatment of the non-Hodgkin's lymphomata. The addition of chemotherapy appears to be a promising method for increasing the proportion of patients who will achieve a long complete remission.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Probability of casualties in an airport disaster.

World airline accident statistics for the period 1960 to 1970 indicate the number of seriously, but nonfatally injured is unlikely to exceed 25% of the occupant capacity of the largest aircraft using an airport. In only 1 accident out of 20 will this number be an underestimate. This estimate may be of value in medical planning for an airport disaster and in the assessment of loads on hospitals.

Accidents, Aviation↗