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Biomedical subjects

T Buchan

Publications and source records attributed to T Buchan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Isolation and structure elucidation of five new asterriquinones from Aspergillus, Humicola and Botryotrichum species.

Five new quinone pigments have been discovered from the fermentation broth of Aspergillus, Humicola and Botryotrichum species isolated from different soil samples. These compounds inhibit serine proteases of the coagulation pathway. Their structures which differ in the identity and position of a 5-carbon side chain on the indole moiety have been elucidated based on NMR and FAB-MS experiments.

Aspergillus↗
PubMed1994

Mutants of Streptomyces cattleya defective in the synthesis of a factor required for thienamycin production.

Thienamycin non-producing mutants of Streptomydes cattleya were identified that displayed a cross-feeding relationship. A diffusible product from one of these mutants (RK-11) resulted in restoration of thienamycin production when fed to cultures of another mutant (RK-4). In vivo radiolabeling experiments were conducted to test whether the RK-11 mutant produced a late biosynthetic intermediate which contained a carbapenem ring and a cysteaminyl and/or a hydroxyethyl side chain. Both [35S]cystine and [methyl-3H]methionine were used to label the RK-11 product which was then fed to RK-4 cultures. None of the thienamycin subsequently produced by RK-4 converter cells was labeled, implying the lack of either side chain of the thienamycin molecule in the RK-11 product. Further stability studies suggested that the RK-11 product does not contain a carbapenem ring. Additional feeding experiments with RK-4 cells also ruled out the possibility that the RK-11 product is a co-factor necessary for thienamycin production. It is concluded that the RK-11 product may regulate expression of the thienamycin gene cluster.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1987

Capgras syndrome: a case report from Zimbabwe.

A case of Capgras syndrome in a black Zimbabwean patient is described. The syndrome occurs in the setting of a schizophrenic illness, but psychodynamic factors are readily identified despite the patient's different cultural background.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Anorexia nervosa in a black Zimbabwean.

In spite of the comparative rarity of anorexia nervosa in African patients, the case of a young black Zimbabwean woman which fulfils Feighner's diagnostic criteria is presented. Special reference is made to several unusual features which include the social and psychological conflicts engendered by changes of culture, the clinical symptoms, and the role of a traditional healer in her recovery. A speculative hypothesis concerning aetiology is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Personality disorder in black patients in Zimbabwe.

The complex inter-relationships between personal illness and personality disorder are discussed, and Foulds' model based on Venn diagrams is proposed as an adequate conceptual framework. A dimensional model is proposed for the classification of personality disorders. Three patients are discussed to illustrate some of the pitfalls in diagnosis and differential diagnosis. It is concluded that conventional concepts in psychopathology appear to be applicable to Black patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Psychiatric outpatient services in Matabeleland, Zimbabwe.

A prospective survey was undertaken of 104 consecutive Black patients newly referred to a psychiatric outpatient clinic in a general hospital. Schizophrenia, acute brain syndromes and depression emerged as the major diagnostic categories, comprising almost two-thirds of the patients. The differentiation between acute brain syndromes and schizophrenia proved to be particularly difficult, and the outpatient management of patients with significant thought disorders or clouding of consciousness is not recommended. The diagnostic features of depression, on the other hand, are fairly reliable and depressives can usually be managed on an outpatient basis, which may save a large number of admissions to both medical and psychiatric beds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Some clinical and cultural correlates of violent death.

Forty-one patients admitted to hospital over a 5-year period because of charges arising from their having caused a violent death were studied. Data pertaining to the victim, the weapon used and the locality are analysed. The diagnostic categories for the patients are set out and the course and outcome are followed. Implications for future management are discussed, with particular reference to relevant social and cultural factors.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1977

Clothiapine in the management of schizophrenia.

Forty Black men diagnosed as schizophrenic and admitted to Ingutsheni Hospital during a period of 3 months, were allocated alternately to treatment with either clothiapine or chlorpromazine. Six patients were excluded from the trial because of an incorrect diagnosis and 34, 17 in each group, completed the trial. The 2 groups were comparable for both severity and symptoms of their illnesses. Degrees of regression of psychotic symptoms as assessed by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, were comparable for the 2 groups. Adverse effects were not troublesome with clothiapine and there was no evidence of disturbed liver function, but haemoglobin values and white cell counts were sometimes decreased. EEG studies showed that clothiapine produced an increase in the slow activity but no paroxysmal acitvity. It was concluded that clothiapine is a valuable drug for the management of actue schizophrenia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Some problems in the hospital management of criminal mental patients.

In view of impending new legislation in Rhodesia, a survey of 256 criminal mental patients admitted to Ingutsheni Hospital was undertaken. These patients were all treated by the author and were admitted during the 5-year period 1 January 1970-31 December 1974. Among these patients there were 113 schizophrenics (44%) and 57 epileptics (22%); these proportions are not significantly different from those previously found among civil patients. The outcome was that 86 patients (33, 6%) were discharged to stand trial, 107 (41, 8%) were discharged in terms of a recommendation by the Mental Hospital Board and 57 (22, 3%) were returned to prison. Recommendations are made for the provision of a new forensic psychiatric unit, and some of its functions are discussed.

Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders↗