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Biomedical subjects

T Brusis

Publications and source records attributed to T Brusis.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The effect of cardiovascular, endocrine and metabolic diseases on hearing].

Internal diseases are often suspected of causing chronic hearing impairment. Such a consideration is often purely speculative. In our studies in 111 patients with injured coronaries (aged between 30 and 59 years) and in 90 patients with hypertension (aged between 16 and 60 years) we could find only small differences in the faculty of hearing compared to healthy persons of the same age. Coronary to a common opinion, coronary and hypertensive patients do not seem to be harder of hearing than healthy subjects. The paper reports on a few more publications. The findings on the ability of hearing in medical risk groups depend on audiometric standards that are selected for comparison. A note of warning should be sounded against any unqualified attempt to link chronic hearing impairment to diseases of the cardiovascular system, metabolism and hormone balance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Fetor from ulcerated head and neck tumors: causation and therapy.

Almost all extensive tumors of the head or neck generate a fetor very unpleasant for the patient, his family, and the nursing staff. Thirty-one patients suspected of having a microbial superinfection of the tumor masses caused by anaerobes or an aerobe-anaerobe mixed infection were examined, and tumor samples from the oral cavity, throat, and larynx were obtained. Anaerobes could be demonstrated in every case, especially Bacteroides melaninogenicus. In the antibiotic treatment, clindamycin (Cleocin) proved to be superior to metronidazole (Clont). Within 12 to 24 hours after initiation of treatment, at the most 36 hours, the fetor almost always disappeared. The odor was stopped as long as antibiotic therapy continued.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1988

[The history of tracheotomy].

Tracheotomy is one of the oldest operations in medicine. The development of tracheotomy from antiquity to our time is reported. After the beginnings of the operation in Greek and Roman medicine, the operation was called laryngotomy or bronchotomy. It was Heister who coined the name "tracheotomy". Tracheotomy is still an important operation even after more than 2000 years. In recent years there has been a change from simple tracheotomy to plastic tracheostomy.

Europe↗
PubMed1986

[Rhinocerebral mucormycosis as a complication of cytostatic therapy].

A twelve year old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was treated with combination chemotherapy. Two weeks later a cellulitis of the left upper and lower eyelid appeared, followed by a rapidly increasing, deep necrotic inflammation of the periorbital area leading to proptosis. Mucormycosis was identified by histology and microbiology. The spreading inflammatory process was arrested by amphotericin B in a total dose of 1.2 g combined with a drainage of the necrotic tissue of the paranasal sinus, left orbit and bifrontal cerebral abscess. The patient is still in complete continuous remission four years later but a large defect of the nasal, maxillary and orbital area remains. This case demonstrates that the usual fatal outcome of mucormycosis in leukemia is curable with amphotericin B and aggressive surgery.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1986

[Use of imaging procedures in the diagnosis of jugular vein thrombosis].

Based on ten patients suffering from internal jugular vein thrombosis the use of modern radiological procedures is discussed. The clinical examination should be followed by high-resolution ultrasonography. In most cases ultrasonography is able to reveal the correct diagnosis. Complementary computed tomography is recommended, if ultrasonography cannot establish the diagnosis of jugular vein thrombosis or if the thrombosis involves the v. cava superior, respectively the mediastinum. Retrograde catheter venography of the internal jugular vein is unnecessary, phlebography of one or both upper extremities should be completed, if the internal jugular vein thrombosis continues to the v. subclavia or v. cava superior and surgical intervention is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[History of intubation].

The Arabian doctor Avicenna (980-1037) described the first orotracheal intubation in dyspnoea. The history of peroral endotracheal intubation actually begins in the 18th century. At that time obstetricians and lifesavers used breathing tubes. In 1880 Macewen preoperatively intubated a patient to prevent the aspiration of blood during extirpation of a tumour from the base of the tongue. Regular peroral intubation to keep the respiratory tract clear during narcosis was first applied by Franz Kuhn in 1900; unfortunately, the pioneer himself did not live to see his method become a routine procedure. It was only as late as 1945, that endotracheal intubation became part of hospital practice at our clinic.

History, 16th Century↗
PubMed1986

[Elongated transverse process of the atlas. A contribution to the differential diagnosis of cervical lymph node hyperplasia].

In some patients the transverse process is palpable as a solid immobile knot in the angle of the mandible and is sometimes interpreted as an enlarged cervical gland or as a tumour of the parotid gland. The difficulties of differential diagnosis are illustrated by case reports. The possibilities of examination (full-size radiogram, tomogram, computer tomogram) are shown. The results of cephalometric measurements concerning the size of the atlas and its relation to the base of the skull are also described.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Epithetical management of tumor-induced facial defects].

Defects of the face are mostly due to operations of tumours of the head. In the present study, indications for epistheses are discussed and the possibilities of episthetical treatment are reported. In 54 own cases different methods of attachment for epistheses are described with special reference to the possibility of fixation with adhesives. Moreover, making of epistheses is described as well as the handling of these artificial parts by the bearer. Advantages and disadvantages of epistheses are pointed out.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Anaerobic infections in ulcerating tumors of the head and neck. A contribution to the problem of odors].

Incurable exulcerated head and neck tumours frequently produce a foul odour which is a great problem for patients, nurses and family of patients. This odour is a sign of anaerobic infection in necrotic tumours. Bacteriological examinations in fifteen patients with tumours of the oral cavity, the oropharynx and with recurrent tumours of the hypopharynx and larynx showed anaerobic bacteria. Bacteroides melaninogenicus, B. oralis, B. bivius, Peptococcus and Fusobacterium were most frequently represented. Five cases showed mixed aerobic-anaerobic infections. Foul odour disappeared regularly after a short time by antianaerobic chemotherapy (clindamycin or metronidazole). Foetor is evidently caused by microbial activity of anaerobic bacteria in secondary infected tumours. Antibiotic treatment directed strictly against anaerobes helps to improve quality of life of patients with advanced head and neck cancer with regard to foetor.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1986

[High-resolution computer tomography of osseous changes following radical operation of the maxillary sinuses].

The opacification of the maxillary sinuses following Caldwell-Luc procedure seen with plain films depends to a great deal on bony changes. Based on 60 cases the advantages of the computed tomography especially in high-resolution mode are described in comparison with plain films. CT-scans clearly demonstrate the bony changes following Caldwell-Luc procedure, they show the size of the air-filled antrum and reveal inflammation of fibrous soft tissue within the sinus maxillares. Computed tomography facilitates differential diagnosis with regard to other pathological changes of the antrum. If radiological examination following Caldwell-Luc procedure is indicated, CT represents the method of choice.

Cicatrix↗
PubMed1985

[Indications for nuclear magnetic resonance tomography in tumors of the facial skeleton and neck area].

The diagnostic value of magnetic resonance tomography is examined in relation to computed tomography on the basis of 32 patients subjected to magnetic resonance tomography who had pathological processes in the craniofacial, parapharyngeal and neck regions. The high power of contrast resolution, multiplanar imaging, and good circumscription of cervical vessels, offer advantages over computed tomography in respect of space-occupying growths in the median and lower parts of the craniofacial skull. A disadvantage is the poorer detectability of tumour-conditioned bone destruction at the base of the skull and at the facial bones; in such cases, computed tomography remains the method of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A smelling prosthesis for laryngectomized patients].

An instrument is presented which helps the laryngectomee to smell. It consists of a tube placed between tracheostoma, mouth and nose. The laryngectomized person is able to ventilate his nose with the help of this aid. Moreover, it also aids in blowing the nose and inhaling in case of nasal catarrh.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical aspects and therapy of esophageal candidiasis].

In 14 patients with candida infection of the oesophagus, the clinical, radiologic and endoscopic findings are described. It is pointed out that candida mycosis of the oesophagus may occur primarily and without underlying disease. The authors report on the therapy of candidiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Treatment of tinnitus with iontophoresis and local anesthesia].

50 previously unsuccessfully treated patients suffering from tinnitus were given local-anaesthesia-iontophoresis. By iontophoresis it is possible to build up an electric field, in which a local anaesthetic (lidocaine hydrochloride) is able to penetrate through the tympanic membrane. Experimentally it has been proven that this local anaesthetic has a direct effect on the inner ear. In contrast to intravenous and intratympanal application there are no toxic side effects when applying local-anaesthesia-iontophoresis. Tinnitus was reduced completely or partly in 31 patients after repeated application to one or both ears. No connection was seen between the success of therapy and the origin of the tinnitus. Treatment was unsuccessful in 19 cases. No serious side effects were seen. Local-anaesthesia-iontophoresis can be recommended as an attempt to treat tinnitus, especially in those cases who have not yet responded to drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Accessory external ear in the oropharynx].

This report describes the case of a one-day old girl with an accessorial ear lobe in the region of the left soft palate. The girl was referred to us by the children's clinic because of shortness of breath and difficulties in swallowing. On inspecting the cavity of the mouth and the pharynx a pedunculated, ball-shaped, whitish, membranous tumour was identified. The size of the tumour was comparable to a cherry, hanging down from the left velum into the pharynx. It was possible to remove the tumour from its base by using the sling technique. The operation itself did not present any complications. The histological observation revealed a dystopical ear lobe. 13/4 years later, an oto-rhino- laryngological examination diagnosed normal hearing and faculty of speech. The origin as a surplus malformation of the embryological branchial archs is discussed. Due to the morphological result differentiation from a teratoid malformation is possible.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1985

[Is there a risk of noise-induced hearing loss in automobile drivers and in automobile sport racing?].

Professional racing drivers are exposed to extreme noise pollution by their high-capacity cars. For the purpose of evaluating the emissive noise of racing-cars, noise-level measurements on race-courses were undertaken. As a result noise-levels up to 130 dB (A) for the outer noises and 125 dB (A) for the inner region of the car were measured. Moreover, eighteen professional racing drivers as well as eleven employees, working in the pit, underwent audiometric investigations. Only one of the racing drivers showed noise deafness. This result can be explained by the short periods of exposure to the noise, which is 150-180 hours every year, and the regular wearing of ear-plugs. The employees working in the pits, however, showed distinct hearing impairments, explained above all, by their activities at the motor-test blocks. Incidentally this paper also deals with the noise sources of vehicles and the origin of noise deafness. There is no risk of noise deafness for this group of persons.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗
PubMed1985

[Suitability of the middle acoustic evoked potential P35 for frequency-specific measurements].

Objective audiograms (500, 1000 and 3000 Hz) have been produced by the help of the middle auditory evoked potential P35 (Fig. 3). The adjustment of the computer audiometer was optimized in such a manner that the reproducible measurement of the potential P35 was feasible even near the hearing threshold. In particular, the setting of the low and high pass filter, the shape of the auditory stimulus and the interstimulus interval have been varied. The latency of the potential was found to increase in good correlation with decreasing intensity of the tone burst. Reference curves of the sound intensity - latency dependence were derived from the examination of 13 subjects with normal hearing, aged 18 to 59 years (Fig. 4). The theoretically expected frequency specificity of the method was proved by the examination of patients suffering from a wide variety of selective hearing losses. In addition, statements on the recruitment are found to be feasible. Reports of four selected cases are presented: a labyrinthine hearing loss (Fig. 5), two acute hearing losses (Figs. 6 and 7) and a neural hearing loss (Fig. 8).

Adolescent↗